Photodynamic Therapy with Mitochondria-targeted Biscyclometalated Ir(III) Complexes. Multi-action Mechanism and Strong influence of the Cyclometallating Ligand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisenda Zafón ◽  
Igor Echevarría ◽  
Sílvia Barrabés Vera ◽  
Blanca R. Manzano ◽  
Felix Angel Jalon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Local Irradiation

Photodynamic therapy is an alternative to classical chemotherapy due to its potential to reduce side effects by a controlled activation of a photosensitizer through local irradiation, which then interacts with...

Conventional Versus Natural Alternative Treatments for Leishmaniasis: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 1275-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Felipe Domingues Passero ◽  
Lucas Antal Cruz ◽  
Gabriela Santos-Gomes ◽  
Eliana Rodrigues ◽  
Márcia Dalastra Laurenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Conventional Therapy ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
In Vivo Assays ◽  
Clinical Forms

Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease caused by protozoan belonging to the Leishmania genus. There are at least 16 pathogenic species for humans that are able to cause different clinical forms, such as cutaneous or visceral leishmaniasis. In spite of the different species and clinical forms, the treatment is performed with few drug options that, in most cases, are considered outdated. In addition, patients under classical treatment show serious side effects during drug administration, moreover parasites are able to become resistant to medicines. Thus, it is believed and well accepted that is urgent and necessary to develop new therapeutic options to overpass these concerns about conventional therapy of leishmaniasis. The present review will focus on the efficacy, side effects and action mechanism of classic drugs used in the treatment of leishmaniasis, as well as the importance of traditional knowledge for directing a rational search toward the discovery and characterization of new and effective molecules (in vivo assays) from plants to be used against leishmaniasis.

Rational fabrication of two-photon responsive metal-organic framework for enhanced photodynamic therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yao ◽  
Xinxin Pei ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Mengqi Lv ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

Rational design of specific platform which can address the unavoidable side effects of traditional cancer treatments is of great interest. In this sense, herein, an intelligent nanoplatform (ZnL1@MOF-199@FA) with efficient...

Phototherapy and multimodal imaging of cancers based on perfluorocarbon nanomaterials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoguo Han ◽  
xianshuang tu ◽  
Lina Qiao ◽  
Yige Sun ◽  
Zibo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Multimodal Imaging

Phototherapy, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) possesses unique characteristics of non-invasiveness and minimal side effects in cancer treatment, compared with conventional therapies. However, the ubiquitous tumor...

Dual-responsive nanoplatform with feedback amplification improves antitumor efficacy of photodynamic therapy

Nanoscale ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Xue ◽  
Shuting Bai ◽  
Leilei Wang ◽  
Shi Luo ◽  
Zhirong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Antitumor Efficacy ◽  
Tumor Uptake ◽  
Dual Responsive ◽  
Intracellular Release ◽  
Enhance Efficiency

A good photosensitizer (PS) delivery system could enhance efficiency and reduce side effects of anti-tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT) by improving accumulation in tumor, uptake by tumor cells, and intracellular release...

scholarly journals Recent progress in the development of near-infrared organic photothermal and photodynamic nanotherapeutics

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 746-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houjuan Zhu ◽  
Penghui Cheng ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Kanyi Pu
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tumor Ablation ◽  
Ablation Efficiency ◽  
Excellent Spatial Resolution

Phototherapies including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) have gained considerable attention due to their high tumor ablation efficiency, excellent spatial resolution and minimal side effects on normal tissue.

scholarly journals Study of the Combination of Self-Activating Photodynamic Therapy and Chemotherapy for Cancer Treatment

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Pinto da Silva ◽  
Carla M. Magalhães ◽  
Ara Núñez-Montenegro ◽  
Paulo J.O. Ferreira ◽  
Diana Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Tumor Cell Lines ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Breast Tumor Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Chemiluminescent Reaction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Prostate Tumor Cells

Cancer is a very challenging disease to treat, both in terms of treatment efficiency and side-effects. To overcome these problems, there have been extensive studies regarding the possibility of improving treatment by employing combination therapy, and by exploring therapeutic modalities with reduced side-effects (such as photodynamic therapy (PDT)). Herein, this work has two aims: (i) to develop self-activating photosensitizers for use in light-free photodynamic therapy, which would eliminate light-related restrictions that this therapy currently possesses; (ii) to assess their co-treatment potential when combined with reference chemotherapeutic agents (Tamoxifen and Metformin). We synthesized three new photosensitizers capable of self-activation and singlet oxygen production via a chemiluminescent reaction involving only a cancer marker and without requiring a light source. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated the cytotoxic activity of all photosensitizers for prostate and breast tumor cell lines. Analysis of co-treatment effects revealed significant improvements for breast cancer, producing better results for all combinations than just for the individual photosensitizers and even Tamoxifen. By its turn, co-treatment for prostate cancer only presented better results for one combination than for just the isolated photosensitizers and Metformin. Nevertheless, it should be noted that the cytotoxicity of the isolated photosensitizers in prostate tumor cells was already very appreciable.

Selective aggregation of zinc phthalocyanines in the skin

2000 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 278-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENJI TABATA ◽  
KAORU FUKUSHIMA ◽  
KAZUO ODA ◽  
ICHIRO OKURA
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Monomeric Form ◽  
Zinc Phthalocyanines ◽  
Selective Aggregation

In photodynamic therapy it is important to avoid undesirable side effects caused by photodynamic reactions with accumulated photosensitizers, especially in the skin. Although phthalocyanine monomers can serve as photosensitizers, aggregated phthalocyanines are inactive. In this study the aggregations of five zinc phthalocyanines (MSPc, TSPc, TX-101A, TX-105A and TX-106A) in the skin and in the tumor are compared. Every phthalocyanine was more dissociated in the tumor than in the skin. In particular, TX-101A and TX-106A remained in monomeric form in the tumor but were aggregated in the skin. The aggregation effects of phthalocyanines in organic solvents and biological materials were also investigated. These phthalocyanines were aggregated in water and ethanol and also by the addition of bovine serum albumin and ghosts of red cells. On the other hand, they were dissociated in propanol and also by the addition of low-density lipoprotein. It was found that the dissociation of these phthalocyanines depended strongly on the polarity of the solvents and on the biological microenvironment.

scholarly journals Verteporfin-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles Improve Ovarian Cancer Photodynamic Therapy In Vitro and In Vivo

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michy ◽  
Massias ◽  
Bernard ◽  
Vanwonterghem ◽  
Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies

Advanced ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological cancer, with a high rate of chemoresistance and relapse. Photodynamic therapy offers new prospects for ovarian cancer treatment, but current photosensitizers lack tumor specificity, resulting in low efficacy and significant side-effects. In the present work, the clinically approved photosensitizer verteporfin was encapsulated within nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) for targeted photodynamic therapy of ovarian cancer. Cellular uptake and phototoxicity of free verteporfin and NLC-verteporfin were studied in vitro in human ovarian cancer cell lines cultured in 2D and 3D-spheroids, and biodistribution and photodynamic therapy were evaluated in vivo in mice. Both molecules were internalized in ovarian cancer cells and strongly inhibited tumor cells viability when exposed to laser light only. In vivo biodistribution and pharmacokinetic studies evidenced a long circulation time of NLC associated with efficient tumor uptake. Administration of 2 mg.kg−1 free verteporfin induced severe phototoxic adverse effects leading to the death of 5 out of 8 mice. In contrast, laser light exposure of tumors after intravenous administration of NLC-verteporfin (8 mg.kg−1) significantly inhibited tumor growth without visible toxicity. NLC-verteporfin thus led to efficient verteporfin vectorization to the tumor site and protection from side-effects, providing promising therapeutic prospects for photodynamic therapy of cancer.

scholarly journals PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY: NEW LIGHT IN MEDICINE WORLD

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venny Santosa ◽  
Leenawaty Limantara
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Medical Field

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a considerably new kind of photochemotherapeutic treatment in medical field. It combines the use of three components, which are a photosensitizer, light and oxygen. Photosensitizer is a compound activated by light. The application can be oral, topical or intravenous. It usually member of porphyrin group with ampiphilic characteristics. Photosensitizer can be of generation I, II or III, each generation step develops more specificity, selectivity and deeper tissue application. This review will discuss photosensitizer development consecutively, with its benefit and lackness. The light used is usually on red region, while the oxygen is involved in reactive oxygen species generation. Its mechanism action can go through either in type I or type II reaction. This kind of therapy is usually being used in oncology, especially in superficial and in-lining cancers, dermatology and ophthalmology field. This therapy can be safely given to patients with complication and has distinct advantages compare with other treatment such as chemotherapy and surgery. It also considerably has lesser side effects and risks. Broader application is being developed through various experiments and photosensitizer modification.   Keywords: light spectrum, photoactivation, photodynamic therapy, photosensitizer

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Strategies for Addressing Hypoxia in Tumor Photodynamic Therapy

Biomolecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Liang Hong ◽  
Jiangmin Li ◽  
Yali Luo ◽  
Tao Guo ◽  
Chenshuang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Tumor Metastasis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Tumor Hypoxia ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tumor Resistance ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Recent Advances

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality that uses light to target tumors and minimize damage to normal tissues. It offers advantages including high spatiotemporal selectivity, low side effects, and maximal preservation of tissue functions. However, the PDT efficiency is severely impeded by the hypoxic feature of tumors. Moreover, hypoxia may promote tumor metastasis and tumor resistance to multiple therapies. Therefore, addressing tumor hypoxia to improve PDT efficacy has been the focus of antitumor treatment, and research on this theme is continuously emerging. In this review, we summarize state-of-the-art advances in strategies for overcoming hypoxia in tumor PDTs, categorizing them into oxygen-independent phototherapy, oxygen-economizing PDT, and oxygen-supplementing PDT. Moreover, we highlight strategies possessing intriguing advantages such as exceedingly high PDT efficiency and high novelty, analyze the strengths and shortcomings of different methods, and envision the opportunities and challenges for future research.

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