Ultrafine Co6W6C as an efficient anode catalyst for direct hydrazine fuel cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (80) ◽  
pp. 10415-10418
Author(s):  
Mengrui Zhang ◽  
Jianping Zhu ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Yongkang Hou ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Anode Catalyst ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Hydrazine Oxidation ◽  
Ternary Carbide

Ultrafine Co6W6C nanoparticles were successfully synthesized, and this ternary carbide exhibit high catalytic activities for hydrazine oxidation reaction in a practical oxygen–hydrazine fuel cell.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Performance Improvement of the Catalyst of the Methanol Micro-Fuel Cell Using Carbon Nanotubes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kazemi Nasrabadi ◽  
Amir Ebrahimi-Moghadam ◽  
Mohammad Hosein Ahmadi ◽  
Ravinder Kumar ◽  
Narjes Nabipour
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Methanol Oxidation Reaction

Due to low working temperature, high energy density and low pollution, proton exchange fuel cells have been investigated under different operating conditions in different applications. Using platinum catalysts in methanol fuel cells leads to increasing the cost of this kind of fuel cell which is considered as a barrier to the commercialism of this technology. For this reason, a lot of efforts have been made to reduce the loading of the catalyst required on different supports. In this study, carbon black (CB) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) have been used as catalyst supports of the fuel cell as well as using the double-metal combination of platinum-ruthenium (PtRu) as anode electrode catalyst and platinum (Pt) as cathode electrode catalyst. The performance of these two types of electro-catalyst in the oxidation reaction of methanol has been compared based on electrochemical tests. Results showed that the carbon nanotubes increase the performance of the micro-fuel cell by 37% at maximum power density, compared to the carbon black. Based on thee-electrode tests of chronoamperometry and voltammetry, it was found that the oxidation onset potential of methanol for CNT has been around 20% less than CB, leading to the kinetic improvement of the oxidation reaction. The current density of methanol oxidation reaction increased up to 62% in CNT sample compared to CB supported one, therefore the active electrochemical surface area of the catalyst has been increased up to 90% by using CNT compared to CB which shows the significant rise of the electrocatalytic activity in CNT supported catalyst. Moreover, the resistance of the CNT supported sample to poisonous intermediate species has been found 3% more than CB supported one. According to the chronoamperometry test results, it was concluded that the performance and sustainability of the CNT electro-catalyst show remarkable improvement compared to CB electro-catalyst in the long term.

scholarly journals Unparalleled mitigation of membrane degradation in fuel cells via a counter-intuitive approach: suppression of H2O2 production at the hydrogen anode using a Ptskin–PtCo catalyst

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1091-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoyu Shi ◽  
Donald A. Tryk ◽  
Toshio Iwataki ◽  
Hiroshi Yano ◽  
Makoto Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Anode Catalyst ◽  
Membrane Degradation ◽  
Hydrogen Anode

PtCo/CHT anode catalyst showed a large suppression of H2O2 generation, by ≥50% in comparison with commercial Pt/CB at practical potentials for H2 oxidation, resulting in greatly enhanced durability of the fuel cell by mitigating membrane degradation.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Performance Improvement of the Catalyst of the Methanol Micro-Fuel Cell Using Carbon Nanotubes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib Forootan Fard ◽  
Mohammad Kazemi nasrabadi ◽  
Amir Ebrahimi-Moghadam ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi ◽  
Ely Salwana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Methanol Oxidation Reaction

Due to low working temperature, high energy density and low pollution, proton exchange fuel cells have been investigated under different operating conditions in different applications. Using platinum catalyst in methanol fuel cell leads to increasing the cost of this kind of fuel cells which is considered as a barrier to commercialism of this technology. For this reason, a lot of efforts have been made to reduce the loading of the catalyst required on different supports. In this study, carbon black (CB) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) have been used as catalyst supports of the fuel cell as well as using the double-metal combination of platinum-ruthenium (PtRu) as anode electrode catalyst and platinum (Pt) as cathode electrode catalyst. The performance of these two types of the electro-catalyst in oxidation reaction of methanol has been compared based on electrochemical tests. Results showed that the carbon nanotubes increase the performance of the micro-fuel cell by 37% at maximum power density, compared to the carbon black. Based on thee-electrode tests of chronoamperometry and voltammetry, it was found that oxidation onset potential of methanol for CNT has been around 20% less than CB, leading to the kinetic improvement of the oxidation reaction. In addition, the active electrochemical surface area of catalyst has been increased up to 90% by using CNT compared to CB which shows the significant rise of the electrocatalytic activity in CNT supported catalyst with 62% increase in current density of methanol oxidation reaction respect to CB supported one. Moreover, the resistance of CNT supported sample to poisonous intermediate species has been found 3% more than CB supported one. According to the chronoamperometry test results, it was concluded that the performance and sustainability of NCT electro-catalyst shows remarkable improvement compared to CB electro-catalyst in long term.

scholarly journals Fuel cell anode catalyst performance can be stabilized with a molecularly rigid film of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM)

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 9315-9319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daping He ◽  
Yuanyang Rong ◽  
Mariolino Carta ◽  
Richard Malpass-Evans ◽  
Neil B. McKeown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Anode Catalyst ◽  
Anode Catalysts ◽  
Polymers Of Intrinsic Microporosity ◽  
Cell Anode ◽  
Fuel Cell Anode ◽  
Intrinsic Microporosity

There remains a major materials challenge in maintaining the performance of platinum (Pt) anode catalysts in fuel cells due to corrosion and blocking of active sites.

Unique Ni Crystalline Core/Ni Phosphide Amorphous Shell Heterostructured Electrocatalyst for Hydrazine Oxidation Reaction of Fuel Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 19048-19055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Xinyue Cao ◽  
Min Guo ◽  
Haining Wang ◽  
Martin Saunders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Hydrazine Oxidation ◽  
Crystalline Core

A low-loading Ru-rich anode catalyst for high-power anion exchange membrane fuel cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (42) ◽  
pp. 5669-5672
Author(s):  
Zhanna Tatus-Portnoy ◽  
Anna Kitayev ◽  
Thazhe Veettil Vineesh ◽  
Ervin Tal-Gutelmacher ◽  
Miles Page ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Power Density ◽  
High Power ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Anode Catalyst ◽  
Peak Power Density ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Herein, we report a Ru-rich anode catalyst for alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells. At 80 °C, a fuel cell with a RuPdIr/C anode and Ag based cathode attained a peak power density close to 1 W cm−2 with 0.2 mg cm−2 anode loading in comparison to 0.77 W cm−2 for the cell tested with the same metal loading of Pt.

3D flower-like hierarchical NiCo2O4architecture on carbon cloth fibers as an anode catalyst for high-performance, durable direct urea fuel cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (45) ◽  
pp. 23019-23027 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ranjani ◽  
N. Senthilkumar ◽  
G. Gnana kumar ◽  
Arumugam Manthiram
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Hierarchical Architecture ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Anode Catalyst

A 3D NiCo2O4hierarchical architecture composed of interlaced and self-stacked 2D nanoflakes is realized as a urea oxidation reaction catalyst for the generation of green energy in direct urea fuel cells.

scholarly journals A highly-active, stable and low-cost platinum-free anode catalyst based on RuNi for hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanrong Xue ◽  
Lin Shi ◽  
Xuerui Liu ◽  
Jinjie Fang ◽  
Xingdong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Anode Catalyst ◽  
Hydrogen Binding ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Abstract The development of cost-effective hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells is limited by the lack of high-performance and low-cost anode hydrogen oxidation reaction catalysts. Here we report a Pt-free catalyst Ru7Ni3/C, which exhibits excellent hydrogen oxidation reaction activity in both rotating disk electrode and membrane electrode assembly measurements. The hydrogen oxidation reaction mass activity and specific activity of Ru7Ni3/C, as measured in rotating disk experiments, is about 21 and 25 times that of Pt/C, and 3 and 5 times that of PtRu/C, respectively. The hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cell with Ru7Ni3/C anode can deliver a high peak power density of 2.03 W cm−2 in H2/O2 and 1.23 W cm−2 in H2/air (CO2-free) at 95 °C, surpassing that using PtRu/C anode catalyst, and good durability with less than 5% voltage loss over 100 h of operation. The weakened hydrogen binding of Ru by alloying with Ni and enhanced water adsorption by the presence of surface Ni oxides lead to the high hydrogen oxidation reaction activity of Ru7Ni3/C. By using the Ru7Ni3/C catalyst, the anode cost can be reduced by 85% of the current state-of-the-art PtRu/C, making it highly promising in economical hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells.

Basic Electrochemical Thermodynamic Studies of Fuel Cells and Fuel Cell Hybrids

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Williams ◽  
T. Horita ◽  
K. Yamagi ◽  
N. Sakai ◽  
H. Yokokawa
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Exergetic Efficiency ◽  
Standard State ◽  
Reversible Work

It is important to understand the maximum possible thermal efficiency a device is capable of obtaining and then what of this it actually achieves. In this paper it is shown that the thermal efficiency is a product of the voltage efficiency and the maximum possible thermal efficiency. One can mathematically demonstrate that for any elemental direct anodic oxidation reaction for a simple hybrid system, any fuel cell, and any operating temperature, any pressure, the maximum reversible work is equal to the free energy of reaction at the standard state. This is useful in defining an intrinsic fuel cell exergetic efficiency. An equation for thermal efficiency as a product of exergetic efficiency and maximum possible thermal efficiency is developed and presented for loosely integrated fuel cell turbine hybrids. From these simple studies alone one would conclude that the efficiency potential of fuel cells is expanded through simple fuel cell turbine hybrids.

The morphology-dependent electrocatalytic activities of spinel-cobalt oxide nanomaterials for direct hydrazine fuel cell application

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (15) ◽  
pp. 13087-13095 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kumaran ◽  
S. Boopathi ◽  
M. Kundu ◽  
M. Sasidharan ◽  
G. Maduraiveeran
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Cobalt Oxide ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Fuel Cell Application ◽  
Hydrazine Oxidation

Morphologically-tuned spinel-cobalt oxide nanomaterials such as pellet-, flower-, cube- and sheet-like structures as an anode for an enhanced hydrazine oxidation reaction (HOR) is demonstrated.

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