scholarly journals Machine-enabled inverse design of inorganic solid materials: promises and challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 4871-4881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhwan Noh ◽  
Geun Ho Gu ◽  
Sungwon Kim ◽  
Yousung Jung
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Inverse Design ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Solid Materials ◽  
Novel Materials

The grand challenge of materials science, discovery of novel materials with target properties, can be greatly accelerated by machine-learned inverse design strategies.

X-ray microprobe for materials science

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
G.E. Ice
Keyword(s):  
Crystallographic Orientation ◽  
Local Structure ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ray Optics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Novel Materials ◽  
New Information ◽  
Elemental Sensitivity

The increasing availability of synchrotron x-ray sources has stimulated the development of advanced hard x-ray (E≥5 keV) microprobes. With new x-ray optics these microprobes can achieve micron and submicron spatial resolutions. The inherent elemental and crystallographic sensitivity of an x-ray microprobe and its inherently nondestructive and penetrating nature will have important applications to materials science. For example, x-ray fluorescent microanalysis of materials can reveal elemental distributions with greater sensitivity than alternative nondestructive probes. In materials, segregation and nonuniform distributions are the rule rather than the exception. Common interfaces to whichsegregation occurs are surfaces, grain and precipitate boundaries, dislocations, and surfaces formed by defects such as vacancy and interstitial configurations. In addition to chemical information, an x-ray diffraction microprobe can reveal the local structure of a material by detecting its phase, crystallographic orientation and strain.Demonstration experiments have already exploited the penetrating nature of an x-ray microprobe and its inherent elemental sensitivity to provide new information about elemental distributions in novel materials.

Nanotechnology and Their Applications in Science and Technology - Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Physical Science ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Food Handling ◽  
Novel Materials ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Nano Science ◽  
Technology Review

Nanotechnology is the investigation of tiny designs, having size of 0.1 to 100 nm. Nano medication is a generally new field of science and innovation. Brief clarification of different sorts of drug nano frameworks is given. Nanotechnology is serving to significantly improve, even alter, numerous innovation and industry areas: data innovation, energy, natural science, medication, country security, sanitation, and transportation, among numerous others. The present nanotechnology tackles current advancement in science, physical science, materials science, and biotechnology to make novel materials that have interesting properties on the grounds that their designs are resolved on the nanometer scale. Ongoing advances in Nano science and nanotechnology plan new and inventive applications in the food business. Nanotechnology presented to be a productive strategy in numerous fields, especially the food business and the space of utilitarian food varieties. However just like the condition with the development of any original food handling innovation, food bundling material, or food fixing, extra investigations are expected to exhibit the possible advantages of nanotechnologies and designed nanomaterial intended for use in food varieties without antagonistic wellbeing impacts. Nano emulsions show various benefits over customary emulsions because of the little beads size they contain: high optical lucidity, phenomenal actual consistency against gravitational parcel and drop aggregation, and further developed bio-availability of typified materials, which make them appropriate for food applications.

Innovative Molecular Design Strategies in Materials Science Following the Aurophilicity Concept

2020 ◽  
Vol 120 (15) ◽  
pp. 7551-7591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedaossadat Mirzadeh ◽  
Steven H. Privér ◽  
Alexander J. Blake ◽  
Hubert Schmidbaur ◽  
Suresh K. Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Molecular Design ◽  
Design Strategies

scholarly journals Inverse Design Strategies for 3D Surfaces Formed by Mechanically Guided Assembly

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (14) ◽  
pp. 1908424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichao Fan ◽  
Yiyuan Yang ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Zheng Xu ◽  
Hangbo Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Design ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Guided Assembly ◽  
3D Surfaces

scholarly journals Inverse Design Methods: Inverse Design Strategies for 3D Surfaces Formed by Mechanically Guided Assembly (Adv. Mater. 14/2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (14) ◽  
pp. 2070107
Author(s):  
Zhichao Fan ◽  
Yiyuan Yang ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Zheng Xu ◽  
Hangbo Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methods ◽  
Inverse Design ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Guided Assembly ◽  
3D Surfaces

Defect reactions and clustering in irradiated solids

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 887-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. K. Mansur
Keyword(s):  
Defect Structure ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Solute Segregation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Physical Metallurgy ◽  
Solid Materials ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cumulative Processes ◽  
Defect Reactions ◽  
Kinetics Of

Irradiation of solid materials with energetic neutrons or charged particles can lead to profound changes in defect structure, microcomposition, and macroscopic properties. Such changes occur by atomic and microstructural mechanisms, some of which are familiar in "classical" physical metallurgy and materials science. However, other cases appear to be unique to irradiation. Irradiation has considerably broadened and indeed provided an entirely new dimension in materials science, since the energetic displacement of atoms potentially reaches to every property or process. The initial damaging events leading to the creation of point defects are generally complete in times of order 10−11 s. Subsequent changes in structure, composition, and properties take place in a span of much longer time scales corresponding to interstitial and vacancy diffusion, clustering, solute segregation, and precipitation. An extensive theoretical framework has been developed to understand the kinetics of these processes. Emphasis has been placed on both steady cumulative processes and on fluctuations, and on the appropriate application of stochastic and deterministic descriptions. Parallel and interactive experimental activities for both applied and basic programs over the past two decades have increased the level of phenomenological knowledge enormously. Much of the work has emphasized either high-dose phenomena such as irradiation-induced swelling, creep, embrittlement, phase instability, and solute segregation relevant to materials applications, or the properties, structures, and interactions of defects, which underlie more fundamental issues.

scholarly journals Experimental test of a predicted dynamics–structure–thermodynamics connection in molecularly complex glass-forming liquids

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (18) ◽  
pp. e2025341118
Author(s):  
Baicheng Mei ◽  
Yuxing Zhou ◽  
Kenneth S. Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Dynamical Theory ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Causal Connection ◽  
Time Dynamics ◽  
Glass Forming ◽  
Intermediate Time ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Relaxation Time Scale ◽  
Predictive Theory

Understanding in a unified manner the generic and chemically specific aspects of activated dynamics in diverse glass-forming liquids over 14 or more decades in time is a grand challenge in condensed matter physics, physical chemistry, and materials science and engineering. Large families of conceptually distinct models have postulated a causal connection with qualitatively different “order parameters” including various measures of structure, free volume, thermodynamic properties, short or intermediate time dynamics, and mechanical properties. Construction of a predictive theory that covers both the noncooperative and cooperative activated relaxation regimes remains elusive. Here, we test using solely experimental data a recent microscopic dynamical theory prediction that although activated relaxation is a spatially coupled local–nonlocal event with barriers quantified by local pair structure, it can also be understood based on the dimensionless compressibility via an equilibrium statistical mechanics connection between thermodynamics and structure. This prediction is found to be consistent with observations on diverse fragile molecular liquids under isobaric and isochoric conditions and provides a different conceptual view of the global relaxation map. As a corollary, a theoretical basis is established for the structural relaxation time scale growing exponentially with inverse temperature to a high power, consistent with experiments in the deeply supercooled regime. A criterion for the irrelevance of collective elasticity effects is deduced and shown to be consistent with viscous flow in low-fragility inorganic network-forming melts. Finally, implications for relaxation in the equilibrated deep glass state are briefly considered.

scholarly journals Synergy of contemporary architecture and materials science

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Petro Rychkov ◽  
Nataliya Lushnikova
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Novel Materials ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Selection Tools

The article gives coverage on the levels of synergetic interaction between architecture and materials science. There are discussed some main benefits and challenges of such kind of synergism. There are separated different levels of synergy. Upon analysis of the industrial and postindustrial age achievements in both of the areas, there can be determined three main levels of synergetic interrelations: inspiration, application, participation. As novel materials and selection tools develop and the area of their possible architectural application increases, the synergistic effect s are predicted to strengthen.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document