Self-solidification ionic liquids as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3182-3189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaocheng Lin ◽  
Xiaomei Ling ◽  
Jinyi Chen ◽  
Meichen Li ◽  
Tongwen Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Excellent Stability

A simple and mild method has been developed to fabricate solid ionic liquids with high catalytic activity and excellent stability for efficient biodiesel production.

Towards highly active heterogeneous catalysts via a sequential noncovalent bonding strategy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixue Wang ◽  
Ying Yue ◽  
Huiying Wei ◽  
Jinxin Guo ◽  
Yanzhao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Synthetic Route ◽  
Surface Ligands ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Noncovalent Bonding ◽  
Excellent Stability

Here, a novel synthetic route of ceria-based nanocatalysts with high catalytic activity and excellent stability was constructed by utilizing function groups from surface ligands. The surface of ceria nanorods were...

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production over Niobium-Containing Catalysts: A Review

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5506
Author(s):  
Daniel Carreira Batalha ◽  
Márcio José da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Main Reaction ◽  
High Catalytic Activity

Nowadays, the synthesis of biofuels from renewable raw materials is very popular. Among the various challenges involved in improving these processes, environmentally benign catalysts compatible with an inexpensive feedstock have become more important. Herein, we report the recent advances achieved in the development of Niobium-containing heterogeneous catalysts as well as their use in routes to produce biodiesel. The efficiency of different Niobium catalysts in esterification and transesterification reactions of lipids and oleaginous raw materials was evaluated, considering the effect of main reaction parameters such as temperature, time, catalyst load, and oil:alcohol molar ratio on the biodiesel yield. The catalytic performance of Niobium compounds was discussed considering the characterization data obtained by different techniques, including NH3-TPD, BET, and Pyr-FT-IR analysis. The high catalytic activity is attributed to its inherent properties, such as the active sites distribution over a high specific surface area, strength of acidity, nature, amount of acidic sites, and inherent mesoporosity. On top of this, recycling experiments have proven that most Niobium catalysts are stable and can be repeatedly used with consistent catalytic activity.

scholarly journals Bio-Derived Catalysts: A Current Trend of Catalysts Used in Biodiesel Production

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 812
Author(s):  
Hoang Chinh Nguyen ◽  
My-Linh Nguyen ◽  
Chia-Hung Su ◽  
Hwai Chyuan Ong ◽  
Horng-Yi Juan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Alkali Catalysts ◽  
A Current

Biodiesel is a promising alternative to fossil fuels and mainly produced from oils/fat through the (trans)esterification process. To enhance the reaction efficiency and simplify the production process, various catalysts have been introduced for biodiesel synthesis. Recently, the use of bio-derived catalysts has attracted more interest due to their high catalytic activity and ecofriendly properties. These catalysts include alkali catalysts, acid catalysts, and enzymes (biocatalysts), which are (bio)synthesized from various natural sources. This review summarizes the latest findings on these bio-derived catalysts, as well as their source and catalytic activity. The advantages and disadvantages of these catalysts are also discussed. These bio-based catalysts show a promising future and can be further used as a renewable catalyst for sustainable biodiesel production.

Mechanistic Insight toward the Roles of Anions and Cations in the Degradation of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) Catalyzed by Ionic Liquids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyang Ju ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Xingmei Lu ◽  
Yao Li ◽  
Xiaoqian Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Mechanistic Insight ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Anions And Cations ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Ionic liquids (ILs) have shown high catalytic activity in the degradation of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), but the effects of anions and cations as well as the mechanism remain ambiguous....

Molten salts-assisted synthesis of special open-cell Fe, N co-doped porous carbon as an efficient electrocatalyst for zinc-air batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Gao ◽  
Xuan Xie ◽  
Kanjun Sun ◽  
Xiaofei Lei ◽  
Tianyu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Open Cell ◽  
Co Doped ◽  
Excellent Stability ◽  
Zinc Air Batteries

Fe, N co-doped carbon electrocatalyst is one of the most attractive alternatives to Pt/C catalysts due to its high catalytic activity, excellent stability and low cost. However, obtaining stable and...

scholarly journals Borenium ionic liquids as catalysts for Diels–Alder reaction: tuneable Lewis superacids for catalytic applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1045-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Matuszek ◽  
S. Coffie ◽  
A. Chrobok ◽  
M. Swadźba-Kwaśny
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Lewis Acidity ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Acceptor Number ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction ◽  
Catalytic Applications

Ionic liquids with Lewis superacidic borenium cations were used as catalysts in solvent-less Diels–Alder cycloaddition. The extremely high catalytic activity correlated with the Lewis acidity, expressed as the Gutmann acceptor number.

scholarly journals N-Hydroxyphthalimide Supported on Silica Coated with Ionic Liquids Containing CoCl2 (SCILLs) as New Catalytic System for Solvent-Free Ethylbenzene Oxidation

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Dobras ◽  
Kornela Kasperczyk ◽  
Sebastian Jurczyk ◽  
Beata Orlińska
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ethylbenzene Oxidation ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Tga Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

N-Hydroxyphthalimide was immobilized via ester bond on commercially available silica gel (SiOCONHPI) and then coated with various ionic liquids containing dissolved CoCl2 (SiOCONHPI@CoCl2@IL). New catalysts were characterized by means of FT IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, SEM and TGA analysis and used in ethylbenzene oxidation with oxygen under mild solvent-free conditions (80 °C, 0.1 MPa). High catalytic activity of SiOCONHPI was proved. In comparison to a non-catalytic reaction, a two-fold increase in conversion of ethylbenzene was observed (from 4.7% to 8.6%). Coating of SiOCONHPI with [bmim][OcOSO3], [bmim][Cl] and [bmim][CF3SO3] containing CoCl2 enabled to increase the catalytic activity in relation to systems in which IL and CoCl2 were added directly to reaction mixture. The highest conversion of ethylbenzene was obtained while SiOCONHPI@CoCl2@[bmim][OcOSO3] were used (12.1%). Catalysts recovery and reuse was also studied.

scholarly journals The Roles of the Structure and Basic Sites of Sodium Titanates on Transesterification Reactions to Obtain Biodiesel

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 989
Author(s):  
Josue J. Machorro ◽  
Ana L. Lazaro ◽  
Fabricio Espejel-Ayala ◽  
Eduardo Coutiño-Gonzalez ◽  
Juan C. Chavarria-Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Materials Characterization ◽  
Basic Sites ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Associated Species

Sodium titanates were evaluated as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production. Materials were prepared using an experimental design considering NaOH and TiO2 concentrations and hydrothermal and calcination temperatures as input variables. Materials characterization was carried out by DRX-Rietveld refinement, CO2-TPD, and XPS. Statistical analysis of the experimental results indicates that the calcination temperature is the most influential factor in the formation of sodium titanates with high catalytic performance in transesterification reactions. Further analysis of the oil-to-biodiesel conversion revealed that the catalytic activity of sodium titanates is directly correlated to the catalyst associated species and to the density of medium-strong basic sites on the surface of the material, obtaining up to 95% conversion to biodiesel at 60 °C using 3.6% weight catalyst with respect to oil.

scholarly journals Photo-Fenton degradation of ethyl xanthate catalyzed by bentonite-supported Fe(II)/phosphotungstic acid under visible light irradiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangtao Wei ◽  
Yunshang Li ◽  
Shuya Cai ◽  
Zhongmin Li ◽  
Jihua Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ethyl Xanthate ◽  
Applicable Range ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Excellent Stability

Abstract In this study, using bentonite-supported Fe(II)/phosphotungstic acid composite (HPW-Fe-Organicbent) prepared by mechanochemical synthesis as heterogeneous catalyst, the photo-Fenton degradation of ethyl xanthate under visible light irradiation was studied in detail. The results showed that the degradation of ethyl xanthate was mainly impacted by H2O2 dosage, catalyst dosage and reaction time. HPW-Fe-Organicbent catalyst had a wide applicable range of pH and kept a high catalytic activity even at high pH in the photo-Fenton degradation of ethyl xanthate. It was found that the degradation of ethyl xanthate in the photo-Fenton process catalyzed by HPW-Fe-Organicbent mainly resulted from the hydroxyl radicals. HPW-Fe-Organicbent had an excellent stability in use, and retained almost all of its catalytic activity for four recycling times. Moreover, the kinetics study showed the degradation of ethyl xanthate, with the initial concentration below 50 mg/L, was well fitted by the pseudo-first-order rate model.

scholarly journals Highly thermally stable heterogeneous catalysts: study of 0D and 3D porphyrinic MOFs

CrystEngComm ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (48) ◽  
pp. 7244-7252 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Amayuelas ◽  
A. Fidalgo-Marijuán ◽  
B. Bazán ◽  
M. K. Urtiaga ◽  
G. Barandika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Thermally Stable ◽  
Alkene Oxidation

Porphyrin-based MOFs as heterogeneous catalysts show high catalytic activity, recyclability and selectivity towards alkene oxidation.

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