The ameliorative effect of the Pyracantha fortuneana (Maxim.) H. L. Li extract on intestinal barrier dysfunction through modulating glycolipid digestion and gut microbiota in high fat diet-fed rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 6517-6532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Xu ◽  
Chunfang Zhao ◽  
Yutian Li ◽  
Ruiyu Liu ◽  
Mingzhang Ao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

Pyracantha fortuneana fruit extract (PFE) exhibits beneficial effects on IBF in association with the modulation of glycolipid digestion and gut microbiota in HFD-fed obese rats.

scholarly journals Improvement of Colonic Immune Function with Soy Isoflavones in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihui Luo ◽  
Dongjing Cheng ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Yifan Li ◽  
Chengjie Lao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats

Background: The damage to intestinal barrier function plays an important role in the development of obesity and associated diseases. Soy isoflavones are effective natural active components for controlling obesity and reducing the level of blood lipid. Here, we explored whether these effects of soy isoflavones were associated with the intestinal barrier function. Methods and Results: The obese rat models were established by high fat diet feeding. Then, those obese rats were supplemented with soy isoflavones at different doses for 4 weeks. Our results showed that obesity induced the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreased the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) expression, elevated intestinal permeability, altered gut microbiota and exacerbated oxidative damages in colon. The administration of soy isoflavones reversed these changes in obese rats, presenting as the improvement of intestinal immune function and permeability, attenuation of oxidative damage, increase in the fraction of beneficial bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids and short-chain fatty acid production, and reduction in harmful bacteria. Furthermore, soy isoflavones blocked the expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB in the colons of the obese rats. Conclusions: Soy isoflavones could improve obesity through the attenuation of intestinal oxidative stress, recovery of immune and mucosal barrier, as well as re-balance of intestinal gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Association of Hyperuricemia With Immune Disorders and Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiulan Lv ◽  
Daxing Xu ◽  
Xuezhi Zhang ◽  
Xiaomin Yang ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Urate Oxidase ◽  
Intestinal Immunity ◽  
Immune Disorders ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Tnf Α

BackgroundMore than 30–40% of uric acid is excreted via the intestine, and the dysfunction of intestinal epithelium disrupts uric acid excretion. The involvement of gut microbiota in hyperuricemia has been reported in previous studies, but the changes and mechanisms of intestinal immunity in hyperuricemia are still unknown.MethodsThis study developed a urate oxidase (Uox)-knockout (Uox–/–) mouse model for hyperuricemia using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The lipometabolism was assessed by measuring changes in biochemical indicators. Furthermore, 4-kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate–labeled dextran was used to assess gut barrier function. Also, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to examine the changes in gut microbiota in mouse feces. RNA sequencing, Western blot, Q-PCR, ELISA, and immunohistochemical analysis were used for measuring gene transcription, the number of immune cells, and the levels of cytokines in intestinal tissues, serum, kidney, liver, pancreas, and vascellum.ResultsThis study showed that the abundance of inflammation-related microbiota increased in hyperuricemic mice. The microbial pattern recognition–associated Toll-like receptor pathway and inflammation-associated TNF and NF-kappa B signaling pathways were significantly enriched. The increased abundance of inflammation-related microbiota resulted in immune disorders and intestinal barrier dysfunction by upregulating TLR2/4/5 and promoting the release of IL-1β and TNF-α. The levels of epithelial tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-1 decreased. The expression of the pro-apoptotic gene Bax increased. The levels of LPS and TNF-α in systemic circulation increased in hyperuricemic mice. A positive correlation was observed between the increase in intestinal permeability and serum levels of uric acid.ConclusionHyperuricemia was characterized by dysregulated intestinal immunity, compromised intestinal barrier, and systemic inflammation. These findings might serve as a basis for future novel therapeutic interventions for hyperuricemia.

Anti-obesity effects of α-amylase inhibitor enriched-extract from white common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) associated with the modulation of gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1624-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenxing Shi ◽  
Yingying Zhu ◽  
Cong Teng ◽  
Yang Yao ◽  
Guixing Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Amylase Inhibitors ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

α-Amylase inhibitors (α-AI) have great potential to treat obesity.

scholarly journals Electroacupuncture Prevents Osteoarthritis of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Lin-Lin Xie ◽  
Yu-Li Zhao ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Hui Cheng ◽  
Zhen-Dong Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Obese Rats

The effects of acupuncture on osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis have been demonstrated in vitro and in animal models. However, the potential for acupuncture to mediate protective effects on obese-induced OA has not been examined. Here, we investigated the effects of different acupuncture patterns on OA pathogenesis in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese rats. After 12-week diet-induced obesity, obese rats were treated with three acupuncture protocols for 2 weeks, including ST36, GB34, and ST36+GB34. The results showed that the three acupuncture protocols both prevented obesity-induced cartilage matrix degradation and MMP expression and mitigated obesity-induced systemic and local inflammation but had different regulatory effects on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota disorder of obese-induced OA rats. Furthermore, the three acupuncture protocols increased the microbial diversity and altered the structure of community of feces in obese rats. We found that ST36 and GB34 could inhibit proinflammatory shift in the gut microbiome with an increase in the ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes and promote the recovery of relative abundance of Clostridium, Akkermansia, Butyricimonas, and Lactococcus. Although both ST36 and GB34 had an anti-inflammatory effect on serum inflammatory mediators, only the acupuncture protocol with both ST36 and GB34 could effectively inhibit LPS-mediated joint inflammation in obesity rats. Therefore, relieving obesity-related chronic inflammation, lipid metabolism disorder, and gut microbiota disorder may be an important mechanism for acupuncture with ST36 and GB34 to promote OA recovery.

scholarly journals Glucosamine Ameliorates Symptoms of High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice by Reversing Imbalanced Gut Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xubing Yuan ◽  
Junping Zheng ◽  
Lishi Ren ◽  
Siming Jiao ◽  
Cui Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Rdna Sequencing

Glucosamine (GlcN) is used as a supplement for arthritis and joint pain and has been proved to have effects on inflammation, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. However, there are limited studies on the regulatory mechanism of GlcN against glucose and lipid metabolism disorder. In this study, we treated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mice with GlcN (1 mg/ml, in drinking water) for five months. The results show that GlcN significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose of HFD-fed mice and improved glucose tolerance. The feces of intestinal contents in mice were analyzed using 16s rDNA sequencing. It was indicated that GlcN reversed the imbalanced gut microbiota in HFD-fed mice. Based on the PICRUSt assay, the signaling pathways of glucolipid metabolism and biosynthesis were changed in mice with HFD feeding. By quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, it was demonstrated that GlcN not only inhibited the inflammatory responses of colon and white adipose tissues, but also improved the intestinal barrier damage of HFD-fed mice. Finally, the correlation analysis suggests the most significantly changed intestinal bacteria were positively or negatively related to the occurrence of inflammation in the colon and fat tissues of HFD-fed mice. In summary, our studies provide a theoretical basis for the potential application of GlcN to glucolipid metabolism disorder through the regulation of gut microbiota.

A comparison between whole mung bean and decorticated mung bean: beneficial effects on the regulation of serum glucose and lipid disorders and the gut microbiota in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced prediabetic mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 5525-5537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianzhi Hou ◽  
Qingyu Zhao ◽  
Laraib Yousaf ◽  
Borui Chen ◽  
Yong Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Lipid Disorders

This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of whole and decorticated mung beans on the regulation of serum glucose and lipid disorders in HFD/STZ-induced prediabetic mice, and to further explore their gut microbiota modulatory effects.

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