Ring opening polymerization of α-amino acids: advances in synthesis, architecture and applications of polypeptides and their hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (14) ◽  
pp. 4737-4834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Rasines Mazo ◽  
Stephanie Allison-Logan ◽  
Fatemeh Karimi ◽  
Nicholas Jun-An Chan ◽  
Wenlian Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Comprehensive Overview

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the synthesis, architectural design and biomedical applications of polypeptides and their hybrids.

Biodegradable Polymers Derived from Amino Acids for Biological Applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Cohen-Arazi ◽  
Ilanit Hagag ◽  
Michal Kolitz ◽  
Abraham J. Domb ◽  
Jeoshua Katzhendler
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Hydroxy Acids ◽  
Natural Amino Acids ◽  
Direct Condensation ◽  
Positively Charged

Optically active α-hydroxy acids derived from amino acids have been synthesized and polymerized into new biodegradable polyesters. The variety of functional side chains enables the design of positively charged, negatively charged, hydrophobic and hydrophilic chiral building blocks or any combination of these constituents. Hydroxy acids of 15 natural amino acids were prepared with retention of configuration using a straightforward and reliable method of diazotization of α-amino acids. Polyesters were synthesized from these hydroxy acids by a number of methods: direct condensation in bulk, microwave assisted synthesis and ring opening polymerization. The molecular weight of the prepared polymers ranges between 2000 to 5000Da for the direct condensation and the microwave methods, whereas the ring opening polymerization results in high molecular weight polymers (20000 to 30000Da). The polymers were analyzed for their optical activity (Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy), thermal properties (DSC), solubility, molecular weight and polydispersity (GPC), and aqueous degradation. These polymers were tested for their compatibility to neuronal cells growth and differentiation.

Polysarcosine: The Best Alternative of Poly (Ethylene Glycol)

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manu Singhai ◽  
Sankha Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Protein Delivery ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Abstract:: Polysarcosine (psar) is a non-ionic hydrophilic polypeptoid with numerous biologically relevant properties. Polysarcosine is poly (n-methylated glycine) and has been reported first by wesley and co-workers in the 1920s. Polysarcosine was first synthesized via ring-opening polymerization (rop) of sarcosine n-carboxyanhydride, using high-vacuum techniques. Overall, findings highlight the potential of poly(sarcosine) as an alternative corona-forming polymer to poly (ethylene glycol)-based analogues of (polymerization-induced self-assembly) pisa assemblies for use in various pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Numerous studies suggested that such polypeptoids hold enormous potential for many biomedical applications, including protein delivery, colloidal stabilization, and nanomedicine.

scholarly journals Well-defined (co)polypeptides bearing pendant alkyne groups

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (21) ◽  
pp. 3487-3491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Yves Gnanou ◽  
Nikos Hadjichristidis
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Metal Free

A novel metal-free strategy, using hydrogen-bonding catalytic ring opening polymerization of alkyne-functionalized N-carboxy anhydrites of α-amino acids, was developed for the synthesis of well-defined polypeptides bearing pendant alkyne groups.

scholarly journals Towards a selective synthetic route for cobalt amino acid complexes and their application in ring opening polymerization of rac-lactide

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (27) ◽  
pp. 16326-16338
Author(s):  
Andrés Castro Ruiz ◽  
Krishna K. Damodaran ◽  
Sigridur G. Suman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Oxidation States ◽  
Synthetic Route ◽  
Coordination Properties ◽  
Amino Acid Complexes ◽  
Ligand Coordination

Catalysts based on Co, amino acids, and 2,2-bipyridine present an attractive and economic alternative in ring opening polymerization, and possess advantageous ligand coordination properties combined with a variety of accessible oxidation states and coordination geometries.

scholarly journals Metabolic Engineered Biocatalyst: A Solution for PLA Based Problems

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundus Riaz ◽  
Nosheen Fatima ◽  
Ahmed Rasheed ◽  
Mehvish Riaz ◽  
Faiza Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Direct Condensation

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable thermoplastic polyester. In 2010, PLA became the second highest consumed bioplastic in the world due to its wide application. Conventionally, PLA is produced by direct condensation of lactic acid monomer and ring opening polymerization of lactide, resulting in lower molecular weight and lesser strength of polymer. Furthermore, conventional methods of PLA production require a catalyst which makes it inappropriate for biomedical applications. Newer method utilizes metabolic engineering of microorganism for direct production of PLA through fermentation which produces good quality and high molecular weight and yield as compared to conventional methods. PLA is used as decomposing packaging material, sheet casting, medical implants in the form of screw, plate, and rod pin, etc. The main focus of the review is to highlight the synthesis of PLA by various polymerization methods that mainly include metabolic engineering fermentation as well as salient biomedical applications of PLA.

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