scholarly journals Chemical imaging of human teeth by a time-resolved Raman spectrometer based on a CMOS single-photon avalanche diode line sensor

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (20) ◽  
pp. 6089-6097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jere Kekkonen ◽  
Mikko A. J. Finnilä ◽  
Jarkko Heikkilä ◽  
Vuokko Anttonen ◽  
Ilkka Nissinen
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Chemical Imaging ◽  
Spectral Quality ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Avalanche Diode ◽  
Raman Spectrometer

Improvement to the spectral quality of Rama images of human teeth were achieved with a time-resolved CMOS SPAD-based Raman spectrometer.

scholarly journals Miniaturized time-resolved Raman spectrometer for planetary science based on a fast single photon avalanche diode detector array

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordana Blacksberg ◽  
Erik Alerstam ◽  
Yuki Maruyama ◽  
Corey J. Cochrane ◽  
George R. Rossman
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Planetary Science ◽  
Detector Array ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Avalanche Diode ◽  
Raman Spectrometer ◽  
Diode Detector

scholarly journals On the Spectral Quality of Time-Resolved CMOS SPAD-Based Raman Spectroscopy With High Fluorescence Backgrounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 4635-4645
Author(s):  
Jere Kekkonen ◽  
Tuomo Talala ◽  
Jan Nissinen ◽  
Ilkka Nissinen
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectral Quality ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
High Fluorescence

scholarly journals Time-Resolved Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy up to 1700 nm by Means of a Time-Gated InGaAs/InP Single-Photon Avalanche Diode

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 944-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Bargigia ◽  
Alberto Tosi ◽  
Andrea Bahgat Shehata ◽  
Adriano Della Frera ◽  
Andrea Farina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Spectroscopy ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy ◽  
Avalanche Diode

scholarly journals Single-photon avalanche diode imagers in biophotonics: review and outlook

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Bruschini ◽  
Harald Homulle ◽  
Ivan Michel Antolovic ◽  
Samuel Burri ◽  
Edoardo Charbon
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Avalanche Diode ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Super Resolution Microscopy

Abstract Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays are solid-state detectors that offer imaging capabilities at the level of individual photons, with unparalleled photon counting and time-resolved performance. This fascinating technology has progressed at a very fast pace in the past 15 years, since its inception in standard CMOS technology in 2003. A host of architectures have been investigated, ranging from simpler implementations, based solely on off-chip data processing, to progressively “smarter” sensors including on-chip, or even pixel level, time-stamping and processing capabilities. As the technology has matured, a range of biophotonics applications have been explored, including (endoscopic) FLIM, (multibeam multiphoton) FLIM-FRET, SPIM-FCS, super-resolution microscopy, time-resolved Raman spectroscopy, NIROT and PET. We will review some representative sensors and their corresponding applications, including the most relevant challenges faced by chip designers and end-users. Finally, we will provide an outlook on the future of this fascinating technology.

Time-resolved diffuse reflectance at small source-detector separation using a time-gated single-photon avalanche diode

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Pifferi ◽  
Alesandro Torricelli ◽  
Lorenzo Spinelli ◽  
Davide Contini ◽  
Rinaldo Cubeddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Avalanche Diode

scholarly journals Single Photon Avalanche Diode Arrays for Time-Resolved Raman Spectroscopy

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4287
Author(s):  
Francesca Madonini ◽  
Federica Villa
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Avalanche Diode ◽  
Chip Processing ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Scale Difference ◽  
Key Aspects

The detection of peaks shifts in Raman spectroscopy enables a fingerprint reconstruction to discriminate among molecules with neither labelling nor sample preparation. Time-resolved Raman spectroscopy is an effective technique to reject the strong fluorescence background that profits from the time scale difference in the two responses: Raman photons are scattered almost instantaneously while fluorescence shows a nanoseconds time constant decay. The combination of short laser pulses with time-gated detectors enables the collection of only those photons synchronous with the pulse, thus rejecting fluorescent ones. This review addresses time-gating issues from the sensor standpoint and identifies single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays as the most suitable single-photon detectors to be rapidly and precisely time-gated without bulky, complex, or expensive setups. At first, we discuss the requirements for ideal Raman SPAD arrays, particularly focusing on the design guidelines for optimized on-chip processing electronics. Then we present some existing SPAD-based architectures, featuring specific operation modes which can be usefully exploited for Raman spectroscopy. Finally, we highlight key aspects for future ultrafast Raman platforms and highly integrated sensors capable of undistorted identification of Raman peaks across many pixels.

Time-resolved diffuse reflectance at small source-detector separation using a time-gated single-photon avalanche diode

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Pifferi ◽  
Alessandro Torricelli ◽  
Lorenzo Spinelli ◽  
Davide Contini ◽  
Rinaldo Cubeddu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Avalanche Diode
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