The investigation of war crimes has proved to be a challenging task for the Defence at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). At the Court’s infancy, civil trained defence counsel with no experience in adversarial party-driven procedures were unfamiliar with aspects of case preparation and trial advocacy, such as gathering evidence by conducting their own investigation, or cross-examination through leading questions based on a coherent theory of the case. These adversarial modalities also came with specific ethical duties. This chapter offers some practical advice and best practices relevant to Defence Counsel practising in national jurisdictions of the former Yugoslavia region and elsewhere, where adversarial modalities similar to those found in the ICTY procedure have been adopted in reforming their criminal procedures—transitioning them from civil law to a more hybrid system.
Efficient cleavage of tertiary amide bonds via radical–polar crossover using a copper(ii) bromide/Selectfluor hybrid system