scholarly journals Polycyclic N-oxides: high performing, low sensitivity energetic materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (17) ◽  
pp. 2461-2464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Snyder ◽  
Lucille A. Wells ◽  
David E. Chavez ◽  
Gregory H. Imler ◽  
Damon A. Parrish
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Polycyclic N-oxides were developed based on the heterocycles 1,2,4,5-tetrazine and 4H,8H-difurazano[3,4-b:3′,4′-e]pyrazine.

scholarly journals Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Influence of RDX Internal Defects on Sensitivity

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Pengmin Yan ◽  
Xue Zhao ◽  
Jiuhou Rui ◽  
Juan Zhao ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Safety Properties ◽  
Internal Defects ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

The internal defect is an important factor that could influence the energy and safety properties of energetic materials. RDX samples of two qualities were characterized and simulated to reveal the influence of different defects on sensitivity. The internal defects were characterized with optical microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and microfocus X-ray computed tomography technology. The results show that high-density RDX has fewer defects and a more uniform distribution. Based on the characterization results, defect models with different defect rates and distribution were established. The simulation results show that the models with fewer internal defects lead to shorter N-NO2 maximum bond lengths and greater cohesive energy density (CED). The maximum bond length and CED can be used as the criterion for the relative sensitivity of RDX, and therefore defect models doped with different solvents are established. The results show that the models doped with propylene carbonate and acetone lead to higher sensitivity. This may help to select the solvent to prepare low-sensitivity RDX. The results reported in this paper are aiming at the development of a more convenient and low-cost method for studying the influence of internal defects on the sensitivity of energetic materials.

3-R-4-(5-methyleneazide-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)furazan and its ionic salts as low-sensitivity and high-detonation energetic materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Yang ◽  
Yifei Liu ◽  
Zhen Dong ◽  
Haiyan Li ◽  
Zhiwen Ye
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Azide Group ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Ionic Salts ◽  
Low Sensitivity

As an environmentally friendly energetic group, the azide group can not only control the melting point but also increase the energy of the compound. Therefore, the design and synthesis of...

Crystal Engineering for Creating Low Sensitivity and Highly Energetic Materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5713-5726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoyang Zhang ◽  
Fangbao Jiao ◽  
Hongzhen Li
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Highly Energetic Materials ◽  
Low Sensitivity

New concept for the design of zero-hydrogen energetic materials with high energy and low sensitivity: achieving a good balance among parent compounds, nitro groups, and N-oxides

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Linghua Tan ◽  
Zusheng Hang ◽  
Weihua Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Energetic Material ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
New Novel ◽  
Energetic Compound ◽  
The Density Functional Theory ◽  
Low Sensitivity

A new powerful zero-hydrogen energetic compound DNDOBTT (2,7-dinitro-4N,9N-dioxide-bis[1,2,4]-triazolo)[1,5-b:1′,5′e][1,2,4,5] tetrazine) was produced by a new design concept of achieving a balance among the parent compound, nitro groups, and N-oxides. Its structure and properties was studied by the density functional theory. The breaking of N–N bond in the tetrazine ring is an initial decomposition step of DNDOBTT, and the energy barrier was predicted to be 175 kJ·mol−1. DNDOBTT has comparable detonation performance with some CHNO energetic compounds, including the most powerful ONC (octanitrocubane), whereas its sensitivity and thermal stability are obviously lower and better than those of ONC, respectively, indicating that DNDOBTT has both the high energy and reduced sensitivity and may be a valuable candidate for experiments. Therefore, a new novel energetic material DNDOBTT with good overall performance has been obtained successfully by the new design concept, and it may be applied to design and develop other novel improved zero-hydrogen energetic materials.

4,4′,5,5′-Tetraamino-3,3′-azo-bis-1,2,4-triazole and the electrosynthesis of high-performing insensitive energetic materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (37) ◽  
pp. 19337-19347
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Yount ◽  
Matthias Zeller ◽  
Edward F. C. Byrd ◽  
Davin G. Piercey
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
High Explosive ◽  
Azo Coupling ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Energetic Properties

Electrochemical azo coupling of guanazine yields novel thermally insensitive high-explosive. DFT and EXPLO6.05 calculations reveal energetic properties that rival RDX making this a potentially cheap, and green alternative to traditional energetics.

Host–guest energetic materials constructed by incorporating oxidizing gas molecules into an organic lattice cavity toward achieving highly-energetic and low-sensitivity performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 909-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjiang Xu ◽  
Shensheng Zheng ◽  
Shiliang Huang ◽  
Yong Tian ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Gas Molecules ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Performance

Powerful oxidizer N2O was incorporated into an organic lattice cavity through aeration crystallization, and smart host–guest energetic materials with highly-energetic and low-sensitivity performance were obtained.

scholarly journals Compatibility Study of 1,1-Diamino-2,2-Dinitroethene (FOX-7) with Some Energetic Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yuan-ping Zhang ◽  
Cong-hua Hou ◽  
Xin-lei Jia ◽  
Ying-xin Tan ◽  
Jing-yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Compatibility Study ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Vacuum Stability ◽  
Dsc Measurements ◽  
Vacuum Stability Test ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Thermal Technique

1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7) is a novel explosive with low sensitivity and high performance. The compatibility of FOX-7 with nine common energetic materials including hexanitrohexazaisowurtzitane (CL-20), cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX), cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), 3,4-dinitrofurazanfuroxan (DNTF), 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), hexanitrostilbene (HNS-II), 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105), 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TATB), and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) were tested by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the vacuum stability test (VST) as the thermal technique and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) as a nonthermal technique. DSC measurements showed that the binary systems of FOX-7/CL-20, FOX-7/HMX, FOX-7/NTO, and FOX-7/TNT were compatible in grade of A, the systems of FOX-7 with heat-resistant explosives including HNS-II, LLM-105, and TATB were compatible as well in grade of A-B, and the binary systems of FOX-7/DNTF and FOX-7/RDX had poor compatibility. VST results indicated that FOX-7 was compatible with nine energetic materials. Besides, the compatibility results of the thermal analysis were confirmed by the XRD technique.

Amino-nitramino functionalized triazolotriazines: a good balance between high energy and low sensitivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (41) ◽  
pp. 14483-14490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinchao Ma ◽  
Guangbin Cheng ◽  
Xuehai Ju ◽  
Zhenxin Yi ◽  
Shunguan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Good Balance ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Amino-nitramino functionalized triazolotriazines with high-energy content and low sensitivity are reported, presenting a potential design concept for high-performance insensitive energetic materials.

scholarly journals Evolving the Scope of 5,5’‐Azobistetrazoles in the Search for High Performing Green Energetic Materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Benz ◽  
Michael S. Gruhne ◽  
Thomas M. Klapötke ◽  
Nina Krüger ◽  
Tobias Lenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
High Performing
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