scholarly journals Optical glucose sensors based on hexagonally-packed 2.5-dimensional photonic concavities imprinted in phenylboronic acid functionalized hydrogel films

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (85) ◽  
pp. 53916-53924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Bajgrowicz-Cieslak ◽  
Yousef Alqurashi ◽  
Mohamed Ismail Elshereif ◽  
Ali K. Yetisen ◽  
Muhammad Umair Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenylboronic Acid ◽  
Glucose Sensors ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Hydrogel Films

A glucose-responsive hydrogel that changes its volume when exposed to different glucose concentrations was used to measure the glucose levels under physiological conditions.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Glucose Absorption in the Small Intestine in Health and Metabolic Diseases and Their Role in Appetite Regulation

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2474
Author(s):  
Lyudmila V. Gromova ◽  
Serguei O. Fetissov ◽  
Andrey A. Gruzdkov
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Intestinal Glucose Absorption

The worldwide prevalence of metabolic diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes shows an upward trend in recent decades. A characteristic feature of these diseases is hyperglycemia which can be associated with hyperphagia. Absorption of glucose in the small intestine physiologically contributes to the regulation of blood glucose levels, and hence, appears as a putative target for treatment of hyperglycemia. In fact, recent progress in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of glucose absorption in the gut and its reabsorption in the kidney helped to develop a new strategy of diabetes treatment. Changes in blood glucose levels are also involved in regulation of appetite, suggesting that glucose absorption may be relevant to hyperphagia in metabolic diseases. In this review we discuss the mechanisms of glucose absorption in the small intestine in physiological conditions and their alterations in metabolic diseases as well as their relevance to the regulation of appetite. The key role of SGLT1 transporter in intestinal glucose absorption in both physiological conditions and in diabetes was clearly established. We conclude that although inhibition of small intestinal glucose absorption represents a valuable target for the treatment of hyperglycemia, it is not always suitable for the treatment of hyperphagia. In fact, independent regulation of glucose absorption and appetite requires a more complex approach for the treatment of metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Oral Glucose Augments the Counterregulatory Hormone Response during Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia in Humans1

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 645-648
Author(s):  
Rubina A. Heptulla ◽  
William V. Tamborlane ◽  
Tony Y.-Z. Ma ◽  
Fran Rife ◽  
Robert S. Sherwin.
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Glucose Sensors ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Hormone Response ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Acute Hypoglycemia

It has been suggested that the counterregulatory hormone (CRH) response to acute hypoglycemia is triggered via glucose sensors situated in either the hypothalamus or the portohepatic area. If the latter were critical during hypoglycemia, one would anticipate that ingestion of glucose, by raising glucose levels in the portal circulation, should attenuate CRH responses previously described in animal studies. To evaluate the effect of raising portal, but not peripheral, glucose levels during insulin-induced hypoglycemia, we performed hypoglycemic clamp studies in five healthy adult males on two occasions. On one occasion, subjects received oral glucose (OG) (25 g) during hypoglycemia; and on one occasion, noncarbohydrate-containing drink of equal volume, while maintaining plasma glucose at 55 ± 2 mg/dL (3.08 mmol/L). As a result, there were no significant differences in systemic plasma glucose levels between the two hypoglycemic clamp studies, and basal CRH concentrations were also similar. As expected, there was a brisk rise in all CRH during the control (hypoglycemia+noncarbohydrate drink) study. In the experimental study, administration of OG (hypoglycemia+OG), to raise intraportal glucose levels during systemic hypoglycemia, did not attenuate CRH responses. Indeed, OG enhanced the rise in epinephrine, glucagon, and GH. Increases in cortisol and norepinephrine did not differ between the two studies. Therefore, our data suggest that increasing the level of glucose in the portal vein above that in the systemic circulation, during hypoglycemia, enhances (rather than suppresses) CRH responses. Thus, ingestion of glucose may reverse hypoglycemia directly by provision of substrate, as well as indirectly by stimulating counteregulatory mechanisms.

scholarly journals Recent advances of electrochemical and optical enzyme-free glucose sensors operating at physiological conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 112331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adeel ◽  
Md. Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Isabella Caligiuri ◽  
Vincenzo Canzonieri ◽  
Flavio Rizzolio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Sensors ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Free Glucose

scholarly journals The Effect of Diabetes on the Physiological Parameters in Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Ziadoon mukhlif ◽  
Saleh Rahim ◽  
Mustafa jamal
Keyword(s):  
Mature Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Body Production

The aim of this study is to assess the effects of high blood glucose levels in male rats with diabetic induced by alloxan on their physiological conditions. Diabetes mellitus is a category of metabolic hyperglycemia disorders caused by insufficient body production or pancreatic action. In addition to hyperglycemia, a number of other factors are also important for pathogenesis, such as Hyperlipidemics and cortisol oxidative. Forty five mature male rats used in this study, these were divided into 3 groups, Control group(G1) : gavage distilled water, Group2(G2): injection intraperitoneally with Alloxan150 mg/kg bw for two weeks and Group3(G3): injection intraperitoneally with Alloxan 150mg/kg bw for twenty four days. Blood samples taken from all groups estimation of Peroxynitrate, GSH, CAT, and SOD concentrations%. The findings revealed a significant improvement in diabetic classes in glucose (p<0.05) and peroxynitrate relative to control (G1). Diabetic concentrations of (G2, G3) relative to the control group (G1) were substantially reduced in SOD, GSH, CAT and diabetes mediated (P < 0,05). In conclusion, diabetes can cause significant changes in SOD, GSH, CAT levels in rats.

Therapeutic Advancements in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus with Special Reference to Nanotechnology

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (38) ◽  
pp. 4909-4916
Author(s):  
Pallavi Singh Chauhan ◽  
Dhananjay Yadav ◽  
Shivam Tayal ◽  
Jun-O Jin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Insulin Delivery ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Glucose Sensors ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

For improvisation of diabetic’s quality of life, nanotechnology is facilitating the development of advanced glucose sensors as well as efficient insulin delivery systems. Our prime focus of the review is to highlight the advancement in diabetic research with special reference to nanotechnology at its interface. Recent studies are more focused on enhancing sensitivity, accuracy, and response by employing metal as well as nanoparticles based glucose sensors. Moreover, the review focuses on nanoscale based approaches i.e. closed-loop insulin delivery systems, which detect any fluctuation in blood glucose levels and allow controlled release of a drug, thus are also called self-regulating insulin release system. Additionally, this review summarizes the role of nanotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic complications through little advancement in the existing techniques. To improve health, as well as the quality of life in diabetic’s new sensing systems for blood glucose level evaluation and controlled administration of drugs through efficient drug delivery systems should be explored.

Layer-by-Layer Technology and Its Implications in the Field of Glucose Nanobiosensors

2015 ◽  
pp. 400-437
Author(s):  
Sharath P. Sasi
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Sensors ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Fluorescent Biosensors ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sensor Membrane ◽  
Lbl Assembly ◽  
Cause Of Deaths ◽  
History Of ◽  
Assembly Technology

Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of deaths in the US with almost 439 million people worldwide expected to be diabetic by 2030. The need for continuous, non-invasive monitoring is a top priority. Earlier devices that utilized electroenzymatic sensing technique were minimally invasive and had major pitfalls. Advancements in various non-invasive, especially fluorescence-based, sensing along with developments in LBL assembly have resulted in a new breed of micro/nanosensors that are implantable, reliable, reproducible, mechanically and functionally stable, responsive, and miniaturized. In this chapter, the authors discuss the history of glucose sensors, evolution over the past four decades, methods employed to detect glucose levels in fluorescent biosensors, and assays that can be fabricated on to the sensor membrane, immobilized into the membrane as multilayers, or encapsulated within micro/nanocapsules using LBL assembly technology. The authors briefly review the various materials available and currently implemented for fabrication of glucose biosensors using LBL assembly.

Biodegradable phenylboronic acid-modified ε-polylysine for glucose-responsive insulin delivery via transdermal microneedles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Shen ◽  
Haojie Yu ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Xiang Chen ◽  
Jingyi Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Phenylboronic Acid ◽  
Insulin Delivery ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Microneedles with insulin-loaded glucose-responsive particles are promising to control the blood glucose levels of diabetic patients.

Glucose-induced decomposition of layer-by-layer films composed of phenylboronic acid-bearing poly(allylamine) and poly(vinyl alcohol) under physiological conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (39) ◽  
pp. 7796-7802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhiko Sato ◽  
Mao Takahashi ◽  
Megumi Ito ◽  
Eiichi Abe ◽  
Jun-Ichi Anzai
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Phenylboronic Acid ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Induced Decomposition

Phenylboronic acid-bearing poly(allylamine)/poly(vinyl alcohol) layer-by-layer films coupled with glucose oxidase decomposed in the presence of glucose under physiological conditions.

Hydrogel-Based Glucose Sensors: Effects of Phenylboronic Acid Chemical Structure on Response

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 3239-3250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunjie Zhang ◽  
Mark D. Losego ◽  
Paul V. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Phenylboronic Acid ◽  
Glucose Sensors

Multilayer films composed of phenylboronic acid-modified dendrimers sensitive to glucose under physiological conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (35) ◽  
pp. 5809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryota Watahiki ◽  
Katsuhiko Sato ◽  
Keisuke Suwa ◽  
Satoshi Niina ◽  
Yuya Egawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenylboronic Acid ◽  
Multilayer Films ◽  
Physiological Conditions
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