Universality of the giant Seebeck effect in organic small molecules

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 1276-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Kojima ◽  
Ryo Abe ◽  
Fumiya Fujiwara ◽  
Mario Nakagawa ◽  
Kohtaro Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Seebeck Effect ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Organic Semiconducting Molecules

Various pure organic semiconducting molecules exhibit extraordinarily large Seebeck coefficient which cannot be elucidated by conventional physical models of thermoelectricity.

Using 3D printed physical models to monitor knowledge integration in biochemistry

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Babilonia-Rosa ◽  
H. Kenny Kuo ◽  
Maria T. Oliver-Hoyo
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Knowledge Integration ◽  
Noncovalent Interactions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Student Understanding ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Instructional Resources ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Different Sources

Noncovalent interactions determine the three-dimensional structure of macromolecules and the binding interactions between molecules. Students struggle to understand noncovalent interactions and how they relate to structure–function relationships. Additionally, students’ difficulties translating from two-dimensional representations to three-dimensional representations add another layer of complexity found in macromolecules. Therefore, we developed instructional resources that use 3D physical models to target student understanding of noncovalent interactions of small molecules and macromolecules. To this effect, we monitored indicators of knowledge integration as evidenced in student-generated drawings. Analysis of the drawings revealed that students were able to incorporate relevant conceptual features into their drawings from different sources as well as present their understanding from different perspectives.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Seebeck effect in Ge/Si through the combination of interfacial design features

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriy Nadtochiy ◽  
Vasyl Kuryliuk ◽  
Viktor Strelchuk ◽  
Oleg Korotchenkov ◽  
Pei-Wen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Phonon Scattering ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Epitaxial Films ◽  
Seebeck Effect

Abstract Due to their inherent physical properties, thin-film Si/SiGe heterostructures have specific thermal management applications in advanced integrated circuits and this in turn is essential not only to prevent a high local temperature and overheat inside the circuit, but also generate electricity through the Seebeck effect. Here, we were able to enhance the Seebeck effect in the germanium composite quantum dots (CQDs) embedded in silicon by increasing the number of thin silicon layers inside the dot (multi-fold CQD material). The Seebeck effect in the CQD structures and multi-layer boron atomic layer-doped SiGe epitaxial films was studied experimentally at temperatures in the range from 50 to 300 K and detailed calculations for the Seebeck coefficient employing different scattering mechanisms were made. Our results show that the Seebeck coefficient is enhanced up to ≈40% in a 3-fold CQD material with respect to 2-fold Ge/Si CQDs. This enhancement was precisely modeled by taking into account the scattering of phonons by inner boundaries and the carrier filtering by the CQD inclusions. Our model is also able to reproduce the observed temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient in the B atomic layer-doped SiGe fairly well. We expect that the phonon scattering techniques developed here could significantly improve the thermoelectric performance of Ge/Si materials through further optimization of the layer stacks inside the quantum dot and of the dopant concentrations.

Direct C–H arylation: a “Greener” approach towards facile synthesis of organic semiconducting molecules and polymers

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (23) ◽  
pp. 11550-11571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Bohra ◽  
Mingfeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Greener Synthesis ◽  
Organic Semiconducting Molecules

Direct C–H arylation enables “greener” synthesis of π-conjugated small molecules and polymers without tedious preactivation of C–H bonds.

scholarly journals Simultaneous improvement in electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient of PEDOT:PSS by N2 pressure-induced nitric acid treatment

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (64) ◽  
pp. 36563-36570 ◽  
Author(s):  
May Thu Zar Myint ◽  
Masaki Hada ◽  
Hirotaka Inoue ◽  
Tatsuki Marui ◽  
Takeshi Nishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Seebeck Effect ◽  
Te Material

As a thermoelectric (TE) material suited to applications for recycling waste-heat into electricity through the Seebeck effect, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) is of great interest.

Photo-enhanced Seebeck effect of a highly conductive thermoelectric material

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizhong Yue ◽  
Hanlin Cheng ◽  
Hao He ◽  
Xin Guan ◽  
Qiujian Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Thermoelectric Material ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Seebeck Effect ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
High Seebeck Coefficient

Both high Seebeck coefficient and high conductivity are important for thermoelectric materials that can be used to directly convert heat into electricity. Although light exposure can affect the Seebeck coefficient...

A Study on the Seebeck Effect of 3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic Dianhydride (PTCDA) as a Novel N-Type Material in a Thermoelectric Device

2013 ◽  
Vol 667 ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Zurianti A. Rahman ◽  
Khaulah Sulaiman ◽  
Mohamad Rusop ◽  
Ahmad Shuhaimi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Seebeck Effect ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Thermoelectric Device ◽  
Seebeck Coefficients ◽  
P Type

The studies on the thermoelectric (TE) properties of 3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and a conducting polymer Poly(ethylenedioxythiopene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)–PH1000 are presented. PTCDA and PEDOT:PSS have been used as a potential n-type material and a p-type material for the TE device, respectively. The Seebeck coefficients, open circuit voltage and the output power have been obtained for the fabricated TE device. The Seebeck effect was observed on this TE device where the output power in the range of 1 nW/cm2 to 5 nW/cm2,was successfully deduced from this TE device. It was found that the association of PEDOT:PSS and PTCDA have been acting well in this TE device. However, a higher TE performance, in the future could be developed, by applying a thermal treatment and introducing a suitable dopant to this n-type material which may increase the mobility of the electrons and the Seebeck coefficient.

Seebeck Effect in Graphite-Carbon Fiber Cement Based Composite

2010 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 566-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Yong Cao ◽  
Wu Yao ◽  
Jun Jie Qin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Seebeck Effect ◽  
Graphite Content ◽  
Cement Based Materials ◽  
Electron Contribution ◽  
Reinforced Cement ◽  
P Type ◽  
High Graphite

The Seebeck effect in carbon fiber reinforced cement-based composite (CFRC) is of interest because it enables the cement-based materials to sense its own temperature without attached or embedded sensor. In this study, the Seebeck coefficient of CFRC and graphite-carbon fiber cement based composite were measured. Results show that the addition of graphite can enhance the Seebeck effect of CFRC. When graphite content is 10wt. %, all types of CFRC show P-type because the hole contribution from carbon fiber dominates the Seebeck effect. When the graphite content is 20wt. %, the change of thermoelectric power (TEP) from positive to negative occurs with the increasing of graphite to carbon fiber ratio (≥25). This phenomenon indicates that compensation takes place between electron contribution from graphite and hole contribution from carbon fiber. At a high graphite content (30wt. %), CFRC shows N-type above a certain temperature difference (20-25°C) since the electrons from graphite dominate the Seebeck effect.

scholarly journals Spin thermoelectric effects on aluminum or phosphorus doped zigzag silicene nanoribbons

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiali Song ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Xuefeng Wang ◽  
Jinfu Feng ◽  
Yushen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Ferromagnetic State ◽  
Seebeck Effect ◽  
Thermoelectric Effects ◽  
Spin Dependent Transport ◽  
The Density Functional Theory ◽  
Silicene Nanoribbons ◽  
Dependent Transport ◽  
Phosphorus Doped

Based on the density-functional theory (DFT) combined with nonequilibrium Green’s function (NGF), this paper investigates the effects of either single aluminum (Al) or single phosphorus (P) atom substitutions at different edge positions of zigzag-edged silicene nanoribbons (ZGNRs) in the ferromagnetic state on the spin-dependent transport properties and spin thermoelectric effects. It has been found that the spin polarization at the Fermi level can reach 100% or –100% in the doped ZSiNRs. Meanwhile, the spin-up Seebeck effect (for -100% case) and spin-down Seebeck effect (for 100% case) are also enhanced. Moreover, the spin Seebeck coefficient is much larger than the corresponding charge Seebeck coefficient at a special doping position and electron energy. Therefore, the study shows that the Al or P doped ZSiNRs can be used to prepare the ideal thermospin devices.

scholarly journals The Investigation of the Seebeck Effect of the Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)-Tosylate with the Various Concentrations of an Oxidant

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon-Soo Kim ◽  
Woongsik Jang ◽  
Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Seebeck Effect ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Seebeck Coefficients ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Electrical Conductivities

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-tosylate (PEDOT-Tos) can be synthesized through an in situ polymerization and doping process with iron(III) p-toluenesulfonate hexahydrate as an oxidant. Both the Seebeck coefficient and the electrical conductivity were modified by varying the concentration of the oxidant. We investigated the effects of varying the concentration of the oxidant on the particle sizes and doping (oxidation) levels of PEDOT-Tos for thermoelectric applications. We demonstrated that an increase in the oxidant enabled an expansion of the particle sizes and the doping levels of the PEDOT-Tos. The modification of the doping levels by the concentration of the oxidant can provide another approach for having an optimal power factor for thermoelectric applications. De-doping of PEDOTs by reduction agents has been generally investigated for changing its oxidation levels. In this study, we investigated the effect of the concentration of the oxidant of PEDOT-Tos on the oxidation levels, the electrical conductivities and the Seebeck coefficients. As loading the oxidant of PEDOT-Tos, the Seebeck coefficient was compromised, while the electrical conductivity increased.

Recent Radiative and Collisional Atomic Data of Astrophysical Interest

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
K.L. Baluja ◽  
K. Butler ◽  
J. Le Bourlot ◽  
C.J. Zeippen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Bound States ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Impact Excitation ◽  
Electron Impact Excitation ◽  
Atomic Data ◽  
Isoelectronic Sequence ◽  
Astrophysical Interest ◽  
Radiative Transitions ◽  
Forbidden Transitions

SummaryUsing sophisticated computer programs and elaborate physical models, accurate radiative and collisional atomic data of astrophysical interest have been or are being calculated. The cases treated include radiative transitions between bound states in the 2p4and 2s2p5configurations of many ions in the oxygen isoelectronic sequence, the photoionisation of the ground state of neutral iron, the electron impact excitation of the fine-structure forbidden transitions within the 3p3ground configuration of CℓIII, Ar IV and K V, and the mass-production of radiative data for ions in the oxygen and fluorine isoelectronic sequences, as part of the international Opacity Project.

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