Pepsin egg white hydrolysate modulates gut microbiota in Zucker obese rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Requena ◽  
Marta Miguel ◽  
Marta Garcés-Rimón ◽  
M. Carmen Martínez-Cuesta ◽  
Rosina López-Fandiño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Metabolism ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Obese Rats

Pepsin egg white hydrolysate favours lean-associated microbiota and microbial metabolism.

The ameliorative effect of the Pyracantha fortuneana (Maxim.) H. L. Li extract on intestinal barrier dysfunction through modulating glycolipid digestion and gut microbiota in high fat diet-fed rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 6517-6532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Xu ◽  
Chunfang Zhao ◽  
Yutian Li ◽  
Ruiyu Liu ◽  
Mingzhang Ao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

Pyracantha fortuneana fruit extract (PFE) exhibits beneficial effects on IBF in association with the modulation of glycolipid digestion and gut microbiota in HFD-fed obese rats.

scholarly journals Prebiotics Can Improve Adiposity and Glycemia Independent of Gut Microbiota in Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. S226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Bomhof ◽  
Lindsay K. Eller ◽  
Heather A. Paul ◽  
Raylene A. Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Obese Rats

scholarly journals Modulation of Gilthead Sea Bream Gut Microbiota by a Bioactive Egg White Hydrolysate: Interactions Between Bacteria and Host Lipid Metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Naya-Català ◽  
Giulia A. Wiggers ◽  
M. Carla Piazzon ◽  
Manuel I. López-Martínez ◽  
Itziar Estensoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Anterior Intestine

This study aimed to highlight the relationship between diet, animal performance and mucosal adherent gut microbiota (anterior intestine) in fish fed plant-based diets supplemented with an egg white hydrolysate (EWH) with antioxidant and anti-obesogenic activity in obese rats. The feeding trial with juveniles of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) lasted 8 weeks. Fish were fed near to visual satiety with a fish meal (FM)/fish oil (FO) based diet (CTRL) or a plant-based diet with/without EWH supplementation. Specific growth rate decreased gradually from 2.16% in CTRL fish to 1.88% in EWH fish due to a reduced feed intake, and a slight impairment of feed conversion ratio. Plant-based diets feeding triggered a hyperplasic inflammation of the anterior intestine regardless of EWH supplementation. However, EWH ameliorated the goblet cell depletion, and the hepatic and intestinal lipid accumulation induced by FM/FO replacement. Illumina sequencing of gut mucosal microbiota yielded a mean of 136,252 reads per sample assigned to 2,117 OTUs at 97% identity threshold. The bacterial diversity was similar in all groups, but a significantly lower richness was found in EWH fish. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria reached the highest proportion in CTRL and EWH fish, whereas Firmicutes were decreased and Actinobacteria increased with the FM/FO replacement. The proportion of Actinobacteria was restored by dietary EWH supplementation, which also triggered a highest amount of Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes. At a closer look, a widespread presence of Lactobacillales among groups was found. Otherwise, polysaccharide hydrolases secretors represented by Corynebacterium and Nocardioides were increased by the FM/FO replacement, whereas the mucin-degrading Streptococcus was only raised in fish fed the plant-based diet without EWH. In addition, in EWH fish, a higher abundance of Propionibacterium was related to an increased concentration of intestinal propionate. The antagonism of gut health-promoting propionate with cholesterol could explain the inferred underrepresentation of primary bile acid biosynthesis and steroid degradation pathways in the EWH fish microbiota. Altogether, these results reinforce the central role of gut microbiota in the regulation of host metabolism and lipid metabolism in particular, suggesting a role of the bioactive EWH peptides as an anti-obesity and/or satiety factor in fish.

Anti-obesity effects of α-amylase inhibitor enriched-extract from white common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) associated with the modulation of gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1624-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenxing Shi ◽  
Yingying Zhu ◽  
Cong Teng ◽  
Yang Yao ◽  
Guixing Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Amylase Inhibitors ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

α-Amylase inhibitors (α-AI) have great potential to treat obesity.

scholarly journals Electroacupuncture Prevents Osteoarthritis of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Lin-Lin Xie ◽  
Yu-Li Zhao ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Hui Cheng ◽  
Zhen-Dong Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Obese Rats

The effects of acupuncture on osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis have been demonstrated in vitro and in animal models. However, the potential for acupuncture to mediate protective effects on obese-induced OA has not been examined. Here, we investigated the effects of different acupuncture patterns on OA pathogenesis in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese rats. After 12-week diet-induced obesity, obese rats were treated with three acupuncture protocols for 2 weeks, including ST36, GB34, and ST36+GB34. The results showed that the three acupuncture protocols both prevented obesity-induced cartilage matrix degradation and MMP expression and mitigated obesity-induced systemic and local inflammation but had different regulatory effects on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota disorder of obese-induced OA rats. Furthermore, the three acupuncture protocols increased the microbial diversity and altered the structure of community of feces in obese rats. We found that ST36 and GB34 could inhibit proinflammatory shift in the gut microbiome with an increase in the ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes and promote the recovery of relative abundance of Clostridium, Akkermansia, Butyricimonas, and Lactococcus. Although both ST36 and GB34 had an anti-inflammatory effect on serum inflammatory mediators, only the acupuncture protocol with both ST36 and GB34 could effectively inhibit LPS-mediated joint inflammation in obesity rats. Therefore, relieving obesity-related chronic inflammation, lipid metabolism disorder, and gut microbiota disorder may be an important mechanism for acupuncture with ST36 and GB34 to promote OA recovery.

scholarly journals Lean rats gained more body weight than obese ones from a high-fibre diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (8) ◽  
pp. 1188-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoting Li ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Yingyi Gu ◽  
Long Chen ◽  
Shiyi Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Energy Harvest ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Diet Control

AbstractThere is controversy over previous findings that a high ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteriodetes helps obese animals harvest energy from the diet. To further investigate the relationship between microbial composition and energy harvest, microbial adaptation to diet and time should be considered. In this study, lean and obese rats were successfully induced with low-fat and high-fat diets. An 8-week high soyabean fibre (HSF)-containing diet was then fed to investigate the interaction between the diet and the rats’ gut microbiota, as well as their influence on rats’ growth. Rats’ body weight (BW) was recorded weekly; their plasma lipids and their gut microbiota at week 11, 15 and 19 were analysed. After the consumption of the HSF diet, BW of lean rats increased significantly (P<0·05), but no significant alteration in BW was found in obese rats. The average content of plasma cholesterol was lowered and that of TAG was upgraded in both the groups when fed the HSF diet. There was no significant difference observed at each period between lean and obese rats. In the group of lean rats, the diversity of gut microbiota was elevated strongly (P<0·01), and bacteria from phylum Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were both increased largely (P<0·01); however, the bacterial diversity and composition in obese rats were less altered after the HSF diet control. In conclusion, the increased Firmicutes and Bacteriodetes might relate to lean rats’ higher BW gain; ‘obese microbiota’ could not help the hosts harvest more energy from the HSF diet.

scholarly journals Improvement of Colonic Immune Function with Soy Isoflavones in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihui Luo ◽  
Dongjing Cheng ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Yifan Li ◽  
Chengjie Lao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats

Background: The damage to intestinal barrier function plays an important role in the development of obesity and associated diseases. Soy isoflavones are effective natural active components for controlling obesity and reducing the level of blood lipid. Here, we explored whether these effects of soy isoflavones were associated with the intestinal barrier function. Methods and Results: The obese rat models were established by high fat diet feeding. Then, those obese rats were supplemented with soy isoflavones at different doses for 4 weeks. Our results showed that obesity induced the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreased the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) expression, elevated intestinal permeability, altered gut microbiota and exacerbated oxidative damages in colon. The administration of soy isoflavones reversed these changes in obese rats, presenting as the improvement of intestinal immune function and permeability, attenuation of oxidative damage, increase in the fraction of beneficial bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids and short-chain fatty acid production, and reduction in harmful bacteria. Furthermore, soy isoflavones blocked the expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB in the colons of the obese rats. Conclusions: Soy isoflavones could improve obesity through the attenuation of intestinal oxidative stress, recovery of immune and mucosal barrier, as well as re-balance of intestinal gut microbiota.

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