Monitoring crosslinking inhomogeneities in ethylene vinyl acetate photovoltaic encapsulants using Raman microscopy

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (113) ◽  
pp. 93522-93529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Sanoria ◽  
Daniel Ulbricht ◽  
Tobias Schuster ◽  
Robert Brüll
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Raman Microscopy ◽  
Pv Modules

Raman microscopy has been used to develop a method to analyze and spatially profile the variation in crosslinking in EVA used for encapsulation of PV modules.

scholarly journals Influence of Fragment Size on the Time and Temperature of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Lamination Decomposition in the Photovoltaic Module Recycling Process

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 2857
Author(s):  
Anna Kuczyńska-Łażewska ◽  
Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Fragment Size ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Corporate Social

Photovoltaics is a commercially available and reliable technology with significant potential for long-term growth in nearly all global regions. Several research institutes and companies are working on recycling concepts for thin film modules and modules with crystalline cells. The establishment of recycling and reuse technologies appropriate and applicable to all photovoltaics (PV) modules is a key issue to be addressed as part of corporate social responsibility to safeguard the environment and to implement a fully material-circulated society without any waste. The copolymer ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) layer is a thermoplastic containing cross-linkable ethylene vinyl acetate, which is used to encapsulate the photovoltaic cells. The cells are laminated between films of EVA in a vacuum, under compression, and up to 150·°C. The encapsulant’s primary purpose is to bond or laminate the multiple layers of the module together. In the photovoltaic module recycling process, the second important step (after mechanical dismantling of the frame) is EVA lamination removal. In this study, different parameters of the thermal delamination method used during the recycling process were experimentally tested and compared, and the most ecological and economical one is proposed.

scholarly journals Contact-free Determination of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Crosslinking in PV Modules with Fluorescence Emission

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 348-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Morlier ◽  
Marc Köntges ◽  
Susanne Blankemeyer ◽  
Iris Kunze
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Contact Free

Non-destructive monitoring of ethylene vinyl acetate crosslinking in PV-modules by luminescence spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Caspar Schlothauer ◽  
Clea Peter ◽  
Christina Hirschl ◽  
Gernot Oreski ◽  
Beate Röder
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Luminescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Non Destructive

scholarly journals An Accurate Thermoviscoelastic Rheological Model for Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Based on Fractional Calculus

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Paggi ◽  
Alberto Sapora
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Relaxation Modulus ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Relaxation Data ◽  
Temperature Level ◽  
Rheological Models ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Two Parameter

The thermoviscoelastic rheological properties of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) used to embed solar cells have to be accurately described to assess the deformation and the stress state of photovoltaic (PV) modules and their durability. In the present work, considering the stress as dependent on a noninteger derivative of the strain, a two-parameter model is proposed to approximate the power-law relation between the relaxation modulus and time for a given temperature level. Experimental validation with EVA uniaxial relaxation data at different constant temperatures proves the great advantage of the proposed approach over classical rheological models based on exponential solutions.

In-line determination of the degree of crosslinking of ethylene vinyl acetate in PV modules by Raman spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 10-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Hirschl ◽  
L. Neumaier ◽  
W. Mühleisen ◽  
M. Zauner ◽  
G. Oreski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Pv Modules
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