Development of a real-time PCR approach for the relative quantitation of horse DNA

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 8590-8596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin J. Nixon ◽  
Timothy M. Wilkes ◽  
Malcolm J. Burns

Figure illustrating the basic processing steps required to identify and quantify potential horse meat adulteration.

2004 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Ratti ◽  
Giles Budge ◽  
Lisa Ward ◽  
Gerard Clover ◽  
Concepcion Rubies-Autonell ◽  
...  

LWT ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 408-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Meira ◽  
Joana Costa ◽  
Caterina Villa ◽  
Fernando Ramos ◽  
M. Beatriz P.P. Oliveira ◽  
...  

2002 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. S6
Author(s):  
Mary E Ellexson-Turner ◽  
Heather D Hickman ◽  
Angela D Luis ◽  
Wilfried Bardet ◽  
William H Hildebrand

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Shiqi Wang ◽  
Xiaobing Li ◽  
Xiaojing He ◽  
Lingyan Jian

Abstract Background: The objectives of this study were to investigate the dynamics of different resistant mechanisms in P.aeruginosa populations that have evolved under fluoroquinolone pressure, and any interactions between these mechanisms in the evolutionary trajectories. Methods: In this study, bacteria of the strain ATCC27853 were selected under different concentrations of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin for six parallel lineages. The four target genes in the quinolone-resistance determining region were amplified and then Sanger sequencing was used to find the mutations. The expression of four efflux pump proteins were evaluated by real-time PCR, using the relative quantitation method, and the ATCC27853 was selected as a control. Results: we found that the P.aeruginosa was killed by ciprofloxacin earlier than levofloxacin. We found five different mutations in three subunits of QRDRs in our study; gyrA was the main mutated gene for conferring resistance to fluoroquinolone. A greater number of mutations appeared at 4mg/L for levofloxacin and at 2mg/L for ciprofloxacin. The main efflux pump that was expressed was MexCD-OprJ, and the first over expressed was evident at 0.5mg/L for levofloxacin and 0.25mg/L for ciprofloxacin. Conclusions: The mutation of gyrA83 and overexpression of MexCD-OprJ were the main mechanisms that conferred resistance of P.aeruginosa to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin had a stronger ability to kill the bacteria, while may render bacteria more susceptible to resistance.


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