A depth-dependent profile of the lipid conformation and lateral packing order of the stratum corneum in vivo measured using Raman microscopy

The Analyst ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. 1981-1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
ChunSik Choe ◽  
Jürgen Lademann ◽  
Maxim E. Darvin
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Raman Microscopy ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Lipid Structure ◽  
Lipid Conformation ◽  
Intercellular Lipid

The intercellular lipid structure of the stratum corneum (SC) plays a key role in skin barrier function.

scholarly journals Retaining Skin Barrier Function Properties of the Stratum Corneum with Components of the Natural Moisturizing Factor—A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind In Vivo Study

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1649
Author(s):  
Johannes Schleusener ◽  
Andrew Salazar ◽  
Jörg von Hagen ◽  
Jürgen Lademann ◽  
Maxim E. Darvin
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Weakly Bound ◽  
Double Blind

The influence of a topically applied formulation containing components of natural moisturizing factor (NMF) on barrier-related parameters of the stratum corneum (SC) was investigated in vivo using confocal Raman microspectroscopy in a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study on 12 volunteers for 14 days. This method allowed for the elucidation of subtle differences between the verum and the placebo even though the components of the verum naturally occur in the SC. This differentiation is not possible non-invasively by conventional methods. In this study, we found that the applied verum and placebo formulations disrupted the equilibrium of water, NMF and lipids in the SC. The adverse effects of the formulation could be mitigated by incorporating it into a simplified supplementation of NMF molecules. As a long-term effect, the amount of strongly bound water increases at 30–40% SC depth (p < 0.05) and the amount of weakly bound water decreases at 30–40% SC depth (p < 0.05) for the verum. This supplement was also unexpectedly able to prevent intercellular lipids (ICL) disorganization in selected depths. In the long term, the verum treatment limited the lateral disorganization of the ICL to the upper 20% SC depth. Further research is required to elucidate the interplay of these factors in the SC, to better understand their contribution to the equilibrium and barrier function of the skin. This understanding of the interaction of these naturally occurring components could help in the future to develop and optimize topical treatments for diseases like psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, ichthyosis where the skin barrier is disrupted.

Topical Formulation Containing Beeswax-Based Nanoparticles Improved In Vivo Skin Barrier Function

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 2505-2516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Souza ◽  
Luis Alexandre Pedro de Freitas ◽  
Patrícia Maria Berardo Gonçalves Maia Campos
Keyword(s):  
Barrier Function ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Topical Formulation

scholarly journals Effects of Cast Immobilisation on Skin Barrier Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 354-359
Author(s):  
Chin Yee Woo ◽  
Mark JA Koh ◽  
Winnie KY Fung ◽  
Cheri SH Chan ◽  
Chong Bing Chua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Hair Density ◽  
Cast Immobilisation ◽  
Volar Surface

Introduction: Cast immobilisation remains the mainstay of treatment for various fractures in paediatric patients, yet patients commonly complain of skin irritation and discomfort. This study aimed to perform a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the effects of cast immobilisation on the skin of children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: Patients aged 6–17 years of age with a fracture treated in a fiberglass short-arm or short-leg cast were recruited. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum (SC) hydration, hair density and presence of any skin signs were assessed before and after cast. Patients were required to complete a weekly questionnaire to rate itch, malodour, warmth, and dampness of the skin under the cast. Results: A total of 60 subjects completed the study. Thirty-six patients received a short-arm cast; 24 received a short-leg cast. Upon cast removal, TEWL was significantly increased on the volar surface of the arms and legs (P <0.05), and the dorsal surface of the arm (P <0.05). Likewise, SC hydration was significantly increased at most sites (P <0.05), except the volar surface of the leg (P = 0.513). There was no change in hair density. Throughout the duration of casting, there was an increase in itch and malodour scores. Conclusions: Moderate but significant changes in TEWL, SC hydration and subjective symptoms were observed during the duration of cast immobilisation, demonstrating that cast immobilisation for up to 4 weeks exerts moderate adverse impact on patients’ skin. Further studies to explore the use of better materials for cast immobilisation to improve skin barrier function and overall patient satisfaction are warranted. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2020;49:285–93 Ann Acad Med Singapore 2020;49:354–59 Key words: Cast immobilisation, Transepidermal water loss, Stratum corneum hydration

scholarly journals The Effect of Ultra Fine Bubbles Water on the Human skin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Kato ◽  
Tomoyuki Matsumoto ◽  
Setsuko Koura
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Water Clusters ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Small Water ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Normal Water ◽  
Large Clusters

A certain amount of water needs to be maintained in the stratum corneum of the skin in order to maintain the skin barrier function. Therefore, it is important to supply water to the stratum corneum of the skin to reduce trans epidermal water loss (TEWL). However, because normal water has large clusters, it is difficult to penetrate the stratum corneum of the skin. Therefore, it was considered that the use of Ultra-fine bubbles (UFB) water, which is said to have small water clusters, promotes penetration into the stratum corneum of the skin, and is useful for improving the skin barrier function. The artificial skin to which O2-UFB water was dripped had the highest water content and the lowest TEWL. It also had a high affinity for human skin. From these results, improvement of skin barrier function by O2-UFB water can be expected.

scholarly journals Oral Intake of Enzymatically Decomposed AP Collagen Peptides Improves Skin Moisture and Ceramide and Natural Moisturizing Factor Contents in the Stratum Corneum

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4372
Author(s):  
Kyoungmi Jung ◽  
Seung-Hun Kim ◽  
Kyung-Mi Joo ◽  
Sung-Hwan Lim ◽  
Jin-Hee Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Skin Texture ◽  
Collagen Peptides ◽  
Skin Moisture

The stratum corneum (SC) is the outermost layer of the epidermis and plays an important role in maintaining skin moisture and protecting the skin from the external environment. Ceramide and natural moisturizing factor (NMF) are the major SC components that maintain skin moisture. In this study, we investigated whether the oral intake of enzymatically decomposed AP collagen peptides (APCPs) can improve skin moisture and barrier function by assessing changes in the ceramide and NMF contents in the SC after APCP ingestion with the aim to develop a skin functional food. Fifty participants orally ingested APCP (1000 mg) or placebo for 12 weeks, and then, skin hydration and skin texture were evaluated. SC samples were collected to analyze skin scaling, ceramide, and NMF contents. Participants in the APCP group exhibited improved skin moisture content by 7.33% (p = 0.031) and roughness by −4.09% (p = 0.036) when compared with those in the placebo group. NMF content; the amounts of amino acids (AA), including glycine and proline; and AA derivatives were significantly increased in the APCP group (31.98 μg/mg protein) compared to those in the placebo group (−16.01 μg/mg protein) (p = 0.006). The amounts of total ceramides and ceramide subclasses were significantly higher in the APCP group than in the placebo group (p = 0.014). In conclusion, our results demonstrate that APCP intake improves skin moisture and increase the ceramide and NMF contents in the SC, thereby enhancing the skin barrier function.

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