scholarly journals Atomic layer deposition of B-doped ZnO using triisopropyl borate as the boron precursor and comparison with Al-doped ZnO

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (13) ◽  
pp. 3095-3107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Garcia-Alonso ◽  
Stephen E. Potts ◽  
Cristian A. A. van Helvoirt ◽  
Marcel A. Verheijen ◽  
Wilhelmus M. M. Kessels
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Doped Zno

The doping efficiency and hence the electrical properties of atomic layer deposited ZnO can be improved by using a novel, safer boron precursor.

Workfunction of Al-Doped ZnO Films Deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter George Gordon ◽  
Goran Bacic ◽  
Gregory P. Lopinski ◽  
Sean Thomas Barry
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Aluminum Concentration ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Transparent Conductor ◽  
Kelvin Probe ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Earth Abundant ◽  
Doped Zno

Al-doped ZnO (AZO) is a promising earth-abundant alternative to Sn-doped In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (ITO) as an n-type transparent conductor for electronic and photovoltaic devices; AZO is also more straightforward to deposit by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The workfunction of this material is particularly important for the design of optoelectronic devices. We have deposited AZO films with resistivities as low as 1.1 x 10<sup>-3</sup> Ωcm by ALD using the industry-standard precursors trimethylaluminum (TMA), diethylzinc (DEZ), and water at 200<sup>◦</sup>C. These films were transparent and their elemental compositions showed reasonable agreement with the pulse program ratios. The workfunction of these films was measured using a scanning Kelvin Probe (sKP) to investigate the role of aluminum concentration. In addition, the workfunction of AZO films prepared by two different ALD recipes were compared: a “surface” recipe wherein the TMA was pulsed at the top of each repeating AZO stack, and a interlamellar recipe where the TMA pulse was introduced halfway through the stack. As aluminum doping increases, the surface recipe produces films with a consistently higher workfunction as compared to the interlamellar recipe. The resistivity of the surface recipe films show a minimum at a 1:16 Al:Zn atomic ratio and using an interlamellar recipe, minimum resistivity was seen at 1:19. The film thicknesses were characterized by ellipsometry, chemical composition by EDX, and resistivity by four-point probe.<br>

scholarly journals Effect of Oxygen Source on the Various Properties of SnO2 Thin Films Deposited by Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 692
Author(s):  
Jong Hyeon Won ◽  
Seong Ho Han ◽  
Bo Keun Park ◽  
Taek-Mo Chung ◽  
Jeong Hwan Han
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Carrier Concentration ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Impurity Scattering ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Growth Feature ◽  
O2 Plasma

Herein, we performed a comparative study of plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) of SnO2 films using Sn(dmamp)2 as the Sn source and either H2O plasma or O2 plasma as the oxygen source in a wide temperature range of 100–300 °C. Since the type of oxygen source employed in PEALD determines the growth behavior and resultant film properties, we investigated the growth feature of both SnO2 PEALD processes and the various chemical, structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of SnO2 films, depending on the oxygen source. SnO2 films from Sn(dmamp)2/H2O plasma (SH-SnO2) and Sn(dmamp)2/O2 plasma (SO-SnO2) showed self-limiting atomic layer deposition (ALD) growth behavior with growth rates of ~0.21 and 0.07–0.13 nm/cycle, respectively. SO-SnO2 films showed relatively larger grain structures than SH-SnO2 films at all temperatures. Interestingly, SH-SnO2 films grown at high temperatures of 250 and 300 °C presented porous rod-shaped surface morphology. SO-SnO2 films showed good electrical properties, such as high mobility up to 27 cm2 V−1·s−1 and high carrier concentration of ~1019 cm−3, whereas SH-SnO2 films exhibited poor Hall mobility of 0.3–1.4 cm2 V−1·s−1 and moderate carrier concentration of 1 × 1017–30 × 1017 cm−3. This may be attributed to the significant grain boundary and hydrogen impurity scattering.

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