scholarly journals g-force induced giant efficiency of nanoparticles internalization into living cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra M. Ocampo ◽  
Vanessa Rodriguez ◽  
Leonor de la Cueva ◽  
Gorka Salas ◽  
Jose. L. Carrascosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
High Uptake ◽  
Electrical Fields ◽  
Endocytosis Pathway

Abstract Nanotechnology plays an increasingly important role in the biomedical arena. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs)-labelled cells is one of the most promising approaches for a fast and reliable evaluation of grafted cells in both preclinical studies and clinical trials. Current procedures to label living cells with IONPs are based on direct incubation or physical approaches based on magnetic or electrical fields, which always display very low cellular uptake efficiencies. Here we show that centrifugation-mediated internalization (CMI) promotes a high uptake of IONPs in glioblastoma tumour cells, just in a few minutes and via clathrin-independent endocytosis pathway. CMI results in controllable cellular uptake efficiencies at least three orders of magnitude larger than current procedures. Similar trends are found in human mesenchymal stem cells, thereby demonstrating the general feasibility of the methodology, which is easily transferable to any laboratory with great potential for the development of improved biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Carbon Nano-Onions as Non-Cytotoxic Carriers for Cellular Uptake of Glycopeptides and Proteins

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta d’Amora ◽  
Viviana Maffeis ◽  
Rosaria Brescia ◽  
Danielle Barnes ◽  
Eoin Scanlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Addition Reaction ◽  
Covalent Immobilization ◽  
Endocytosis Pathway ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Protein Bovine Serum Albumin

Carbon nano-onions (CNOs) possess favorable properties that make them suitable for biomedical applications, including their small size, ready surface modification, and good biocompatibility. Here, we report the covalent immobilization of a synthetic glycopeptide and the protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) onto the surface of carbon nano-onions using the maleimide–thiol “addition reaction”. The glycopeptide and BSA are readily transported inside different cell lines, together with carbon nano-onions, through the endocytosis pathway. Our results show that carbon nano-onions are excellent scaffolds for glycopeptides and proteins immobilization and act as intracellular carriers for these biomolecules. These findings open new perspectives in the application of carbon nano-onions as intracellular transporters in diverse biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Dental Tissue-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Potential in Therapeutic Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Lu Gan ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Dixin Cui ◽  
Yue Pan ◽  
Liwei Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Dental Tissue ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Lineage Differentiation ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are multipotent cells, which exhibit plastic adherence, express specific cell surface marker spectrum, and have multi-lineage differentiation potential. These cells can be obtained from multiple tissues. Dental tissue-derived hMSCs (dental MSCs) possess the ability to give rise to mesodermal lineage (osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes), ectodermal lineage (neurocytes), and endodermal lineages (hepatocytes). Dental MSCs were first isolated from dental pulp of the extracted third molar and till now they have been purified from various dental tissues, including pulp tissue of permanent teeth and exfoliated deciduous teeth, apical papilla, periodontal ligament, gingiva, dental follicle, tooth germ, and alveolar bone. Dental MSCs are not only easily accessible but are also expandable in vitro with relative genomic stability for a long period of time. Moreover, dental MSCs have exhibited immunomodulatory properties by secreting cytokines. Easy accessibility, multi-lineage differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory effects make dental MSCs distinct from the other hMSCs and an effective tool in stem cell-based therapy. Several preclinical studies and clinical trials have been performed using dental MSCs in the treatment of multiple ailments, ranging from dental diseases to nondental diseases. The present review has summarized dental MSC sources, multi-lineage differentiation capacities, immunomodulatory features, its potential in the treatment of diseases, and its application in both preclinical studies and clinical trials. The regenerative therapeutic strategies in dental medicine have also been discussed.

TARGETING CYCLIN B1 WITH ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLETOTIDES- COATED SUPERPARAMAGNETIC IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosam Zaghloul ◽  
Doaa A. Shahin ◽  
Ibrahim El- Dosoky ◽  
Mahmoud E. El-awady ◽  
Fardous F. El-Senduny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Cyclin B1 ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Mcf7 Cells ◽  
M Phase ◽  
The Impact

Antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) represent an attractive trend as specific targeting molecules but sustain poor cellular uptake meanwhile superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) offer stability of ASO and improved cellular uptake. In the present work we aimed to functionalize SPIONs with ASO targeting the mRNA of Cyclin B1 which represents a potential cancer target and to explore its anticancer activity. For that purpose, four different SPIONs-ASO conjugates, S-M (1–4), were designated depending on the sequence of ASO and constructed by crosslinking carboxylated SPIONs to amino labeled ASO. The impact of S-M (1–4) on the level of Cyclin B1, cell cycle, ROS and viability of the cells were assessed by flowcytometry. The results showed that S-M3 and S-M4 reduced the level of Cyclin B1 by 35 and 36%, respectively. As a consequence to downregulation of Cyclin B1, MCF7 cells were shown to be arrested at G2/M phase (60.7%). S-M (1–4) led to the induction of ROS formation in comparison to the untreated control cells. Furthermore, S-M (1–4) resulted in an increase in dead cells compared to the untreated cells and SPIONs-treated cells. In conclusion, targeting Cyclin B1 with ASO-coated SPIONs may represent a specific biocompatible anticancer strategy.

Clinical Drug Development for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Collaboration With the Pharmaceutical Industry and Regulatory Agencies

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-219
Author(s):  
Robyn J. Barst
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Preclinical Testing ◽  
New Drug ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Drug development is the entire process of introducing a new drug to the market. It involves drug discovery, screening, preclinical testing, an Investigational New Drug (IND) application in the US or a Clinical Trial Application (CTA) in the EU, phase 1–3 clinical trials, a New Drug Application (NDA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA) review and approval, and postapproval studies required for continuing safety evaluation. Preclinical testing assesses safety and biologic activity, phase 1 determines safety and dosage, phase 2 evaluates efficacy and side effects, and phase 3 confirms efficacy and monitors adverse effects in a larger number of patients. Postapproval studies provide additional postmarketing data. On average, it takes 15 years from preclinical studies to regulatory approval by the FDA: about 3.5–6.5 years for preclinical, 1–1.5 years for phase 1, 2 years for phase 2, 3–3.5 years for phase 3, and 1.5–2.5 years for filing the NDA and completing the FDA review process. Of approximately 5000 compounds evaluated in preclinical studies, about 5 compounds enter clinical trials, and 1 compound is approved (Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development, 2011). Most drug development programs include approximately 35–40 phase 1 studies, 15 phase 2 studies, and 3–5 pivotal trials with more than 5000 patients enrolled. Thus, to produce safe and effective drugs in a regulated environment is a highly complex process. Against this backdrop, what is the best way to develop drugs for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), an orphan disease often rapidly fatal within several years of diagnosis and in which spontaneous regression does not occur?

Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: An Insight into their Biomedical Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 1808-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Couto ◽  
Marisa Freitas ◽  
Felix Carvalho ◽  
Eduarda Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Modular Marx Generator Based on SiC-MOSFET Generating Adjustable Rectangular Pulses

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3492
Author(s):  
Yahia Achour ◽  
Jacek Starzyński ◽  
Jacek Rąbkowski
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Marx Generator ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Rectangular Shape ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Pulsed Electrical Field

The paper introduces a new design of Marx generator based on modular stages using Silicon Carbide MOSFETs (SiC-MOSFET) aimed to be used in biomedical applications. In this process, living cells are treated with intense nanosecond Pulsed Electrical Field (nsPEF). The electric field dose should be controlled by adjusting the pulse parameters such as amplitude, repetition rate and pulse-width. For this purpose, the structure of the proposed generator enables negative pulses with a quasi-rectangular shape, controllable amplitude, pulse-width and repetition-rate. A complete simulation study was conducted in ANSYS-Simplorer to verify the overall performance. A compact, modular prototype of Marx generator was designed with 1.7 kV rated SiC-MOSFETs and, finally, a set of experiments confirmed all expected features.

scholarly journals Properties and Biomedical Applications of Hydrothermal method Synthesized of Vanadium Oxide nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 1963 (1) ◽  
pp. 012043
Author(s):  
Saif Altimime ◽  
Sundus Q. Mohammed ◽  
Majid H. Hassoni ◽  
Ahmed N. Abd
Keyword(s):  
Vanadium Oxide ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles

Bio-inspired encapsulation and functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 109371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samson O. Aisida ◽  
Paul A. Akpa ◽  
Ishaq Ahmad ◽  
Ting-kai Zhao ◽  
M. Maaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles
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