scholarly journals Nonspecific effect of BCG vaccination at birth on early childhood infections: a randomized, clinical multicenter trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 681-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Kjærgaard ◽  
Nina M. Birk ◽  
Thomas N. Nissen ◽  
Lisbeth M. Thøstesen ◽  
Gitte T. Pihl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Multicenter Trial ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Nonspecific Effect ◽  
Childhood Infections

scholarly journals Early Childhood Infections and the Risk of Islet Autoimmunity: The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY)

Diabetes Care ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 2553-2558 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Snell-Bergeon ◽  
J. Smith ◽  
F. Dong ◽  
A. E. Baron ◽  
K. Barriga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Islet Autoimmunity ◽  
Childhood Infections

scholarly journals Early childhood infections and the use of antibiotics and antipyretic‐analgesics in Finland, Estonia and Russian Karelia

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 2075-2082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neea Mustonen ◽  
Heli Siljander ◽  
Aleksandr Peet ◽  
Vallo Tillmann ◽  
Taina Härkönen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Childhood Infections ◽  
Russian Karelia

scholarly journals BCG vaccination at birth and early childhood hospitalisation: a randomised clinical multicentre trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lone Graff Stensballe ◽  
Signe Sørup ◽  
Peter Aaby ◽  
Christine Stabell Benn ◽  
Gorm Greisen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models

BackgroundThe BCG vaccine is administered to protect against tuberculosis, but studies suggest there may also be non-specific beneficial effects upon the infant immune system, reducing early non-targeted infections and atopic diseases. The present randomised trial tested the hypothesis that BCG vaccination at birth would reduce early childhood hospitalisation in Denmark, a high-income setting.MethodsPregnant women planning to give birth at three Danish hospitals were invited to participate. After parental consent, newborn children were allocated to BCG or no intervention within 7 days of age. Randomisation was stratified by prematurity. The primary study outcome was number of all-cause hospitalisations analysed as repeated events. Hospitalisations were identified using The Danish National Patient Register. Data were analysed by Cox proportional hazards models in intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses.Results4184 pregnant women were randomised and their 4262 children allocated to BCG or no intervention. There was no difference in risk of hospitalisation up to 15 months of age; 2129 children randomised to BCG experienced 1047 hospitalisations with a mean of 0.49 hospitalisation per child compared with 1003 hospitalisations among 2133 control children (mean 0.47), resulting in a HR comparing BCG versus no BCG of 1.05 (95% CI 0.93 to 1.18) (intention-to-treat analysis). The effect of BCG was the same in children born at term (1.05 (0.92 to 1.18)) and prematurely (1.07 (0.63 to 1.81), p=0.94). The effect was also similar in the two sexes and across study sites. The results were essentially identical in the per-protocol analysis and after adjustment for baseline characteristics.ConclusionsBCG vaccination at birth did not reduce the risk of hospitalisation for somatic acquired disease until 15 months of age in this Danish study population.Trial registration numberNCT01694108, results.

Corrigendum: BCG Vaccination at Birth and Rate of Hospitalization for Infection Until 15 Months of Age in Danish Children: A Randomized Clinical Multicenter Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-106
Author(s):  
Lone Graff Stensballe ◽  
Henrik Ravn ◽  
Nina Marie Birk ◽  
Jesper Kjærgaard ◽  
Thomas Nørrelykke Nissen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multicenter Trial ◽  
Bcg Vaccination

scholarly journals Early childhood infections and body mass index in adolescence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarijn C. Prins-van Ginkel ◽  
Alet H. Wijga ◽  
Patricia C. J. Bruijning-Verhagen ◽  
Bert Brunekreef ◽  
Ulrike Gehring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Childhood Infections

scholarly journals BCG Vaccination in Early Childhood and Risk of Atopic Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Keyu Zhao ◽  
Phoebe Miles ◽  
Xinyu Jiang ◽  
Qiongyan Zhou ◽  
Chao Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Atopic Disease ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Bcg Vaccine ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Atopic Diseases ◽  
Bcg Vaccination

Background. Several large-scale studies suggest that Bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG) vaccination in early childhood may reduce the risk of atopic diseases, but the findings remain controversial. Here, we aimed to investigate the potential correlation between early childhood BCG vaccination and the risk of developing atopic diseases. Methods. Eligible studies published on PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL were systematically sourced from 1950 to July 2021. Studies with over 100 participants and focusing on the association between BCG vaccine and atopic diseases including eczema, asthma, and rhinitis were included. Preliminary assessment of methods, interventions, outcomes, and study quality was performed by two independent investigators. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. Random effects of the meta-analysis were performed to define pooled estimates of the effects. Results. Twenty studies with a total of 222,928 participants were selected. The quantitative analysis revealed that administering BCG vaccine in early childhood reduced the risk of developing asthma significantly (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.93), indicating a protective efficacy of 23% against asthma development among vaccinated children. However, early administration of BCG vaccine did not significantly reduce the risk of developing eczema (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.16) and rhinitis (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.21). Further analysis revealed that the effect of BCG vaccination on asthma prevalence was significant especially in developed countries (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.92). Conclusion. BCG vaccination in early childhood is associated with reduced risk of atopic disease, especially in developed countries.

BCG Vaccination at Birth and Rate of Hospitalization for Infection Until 15 Months of Age in Danish Children: A Randomized Clinical Multicenter Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lone Graff Stensballe ◽  
Henrik Ravn ◽  
Nina Marie Birk ◽  
Jesper Kjærgaard ◽  
Thomas Nørrelykke Nissen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Multicenter Trial ◽  
Bcg Vaccine ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Child Mortality Rate

Abstract Background The bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against tuberculosis might reduce the non–tuberculosis-related child mortality rate in low-income settings. We tested the hypothesis that BCG vaccination at birth would reduce early childhood hospitalization for infection in Denmark, a high-income setting. Hospitalization for infection was a secondary outcome in a randomized trial with the primary aim to estimate the potential non-specific effects of BCG vaccination at birth on all-cause hospitalization. Methods A total of 4262 children included in the Danish Calmette Study were assigned randomly to either receive the BCG vaccine or not and were followed through the Danish National Patient Register. The outcome was number of hospitalizations for infection until the age of 15 months. Data were analyzed by Cox regression in intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses. Results In the ITT analysis, we observed 588 hospitalizations for infection (mean, 0.28 hospitalization per child) among the 2129 children allocated to receive the BCG vaccine and 595 hospitalizations for infection (mean, 0.28 hospitalization per child) among the 2133 children allocated to the control group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.99 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.85–1.15]). The PP analysis yielded an HR of 1.00 (95% CI, 0.86–1.16). Predefined interaction ITT analyses showed that among 740 children with a BCG-vaccinated mother, the HR for BCG-vaccinated children was 0.65 (95% CI, 0.45–0.94); the HR for children who had a non–BCG-vaccinated mother was 1.10 (95% CI, 0.93–1.29) (P = .01, test of no interaction). Cesarean delivery modified the effect of BCG vaccination (HRs, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.54–0.99] in children born by cesarean section vs 1.10 [95% CI, 0.92–1.30] in other children; P = .02). When the outcome was defined as time to first hospitalization, the HR for premature children after BCG vaccination was 1.81 (95% CI, 0.95–3.43), whereas the HR was 0.94 (95% CI, 0.82–1.08) for children born at term (P = .05). Conclusion BCG vaccination did not affect the rate of hospitalization for infection up to the age of 15 months in Danish children. In future studies, the role of maternal BCG-vaccination, premature birth, and cesarean delivery needs further exploration.

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