scholarly journals Erratum: Silent synapses and the emergence of a postsynaptic mechanism for LTP

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey A. Kerchner ◽  
Roger A. Nicoll
Keyword(s):  
Silent Synapses ◽  
Postsynaptic Mechanism

scholarly journals Silent synapses and the emergence of a postsynaptic mechanism for LTP

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 813-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey A. Kerchner ◽  
Roger A. Nicoll
Keyword(s):  
Silent Synapses ◽  
Postsynaptic Mechanism

scholarly journals Silent Synapses in Developing Rat Nucleus Tractus Solitarii Have AMPA Receptors

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (18) ◽  
pp. 4624-4634 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Balland ◽  
P. Lachamp ◽  
J.-P. Kessler ◽  
F. Tell
Keyword(s):  
Ampa Receptors ◽  
Nucleus Tractus Solitarii ◽  
Silent Synapses ◽  
Developing Rat

The effects of focal stimulation in nucleus raphe magnus and periaqueductal gray on intracellularly recorded neurons in spinal laminae I and II

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Light ◽  
E. J. Casale ◽  
D. M. Menetrey
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Periaqueductal Gray ◽  
The Other ◽  
Descending Pathways ◽  
Nucleus Raphe Magnus ◽  
Raphe Magnus ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
Conductance Increase ◽  
Small Conductance ◽  
Postsynaptic Mechanism

Single neurons in spinal laminae I and II of cats were recorded intracellularly while stimulating in nucleus raphe magnus (NRM) and periaqueductal gray (PAG) with monopolar tungsten microelectrodes. Brain stem stimulation inhibited about one-half of the nociceptive-specific neurons, whereas the other half was unaffected. Brain stem stimulation inhibited about one-half of the multireceptive neurons, but the other half was excited and then inhibited. Brain stem stimulation inhibited about one-third of the low-threshold neurons, one-half was excited then inhibited, and one-fifth showed no effect. In all classes of neurons, the inhibition was produced by an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) that began with a latency of approximately 25 ms and lasted approximately 400 ms following a single stimulus. The IPSP occurred with a small conductance increase and was reversed by hyperpolarizing currents applied to the cell. These data indicate that NRM and PAG modulated laminae I and II neurons via a postsynaptic mechanism. The conduction velocity of this descending pathway was calculated to range from 6.1 to 66.6 m/s with an average of 13.8 m/s. These data also indicate heterogeneity in the pathway, since some neurons were inhibited, whereas other neurons were excited then inhibited by descending stimulation. Finally, these data indicate specificity in these descending pathways since nearly one-half of neurons that had low-threshold inputs were excited by brain stem stimulation, whereas nearly all nociceptive-specific neurons were either inhibited or unaffected.

AMPA Silencing Is a Prerequisite for Developmental Long-Term Potentiation in the Hippocampal CA1 Region

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 2605-2614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therése Abrahamsson ◽  
Bengt Gustafsson ◽  
Eric Hanse
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Synaptic Strength ◽  
Ca1 Region ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1 Region ◽  
Silent Synapses ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1 ◽  
Hippocampal Ca3

AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) unsilencing is an often proposed expression mechanism both for developmental long-term potentiation (LTP), involved in circuitry refinement during brain development, and for mature LTP, involved in learning and memory. In the hippocampal CA3–CA1 connection naïve (nonstimulated) synapses are AMPA signaling and AMPA-silent synapses are created from naïve AMPA-signaling (AMPA-labile) synapses by test-pulse synaptic activation (AMPA silencing). To investigate to what extent LTPs at different developmental stages are explained by AMPA unsilencing, the amount of LTP obtained at these different developmental stages was related to the amount of AMPA silencing that preceded the induction of LTP. When examined in the second postnatal week Hebbian induction was found to produce no more stable potentiation than that causing a return to the naïve synaptic strength existing prior to the AMPA silencing. Moreover, in the absence of a preceding AMPA silencing Hebbian induction produced no stable potentiation above the naïve synaptic strength. Thus this early, or developmental, LTP is nothing more than an unsilencing (dedepression) and stabilization of the AMPA signaling that was lost by the prior AMPA silencing. This dedepression and stabilization of AMPA signaling was mimicked by the presence of the protein kinase A activator forskolin. As the relative degree of AMPA silencing decreased with development, LTP manifested itself more and more as a “genuine” potentiation (as opposed to a dedepression) not explained by unsilencing and stabilization of AMPA-labile synapses. This “genuine,” or mature, LTP rose from close to nothing of total LTP prior to postnatal day (P)13, to about 70% of total LTP at P16, and to about 90% of total LTP at P30. Developmental LTP, by stabilization of AMPA-labile synapses, thus seems adapted to select synaptic connections to the growing synaptic network. Mature LTP, by instead strengthening existing stable connections between cells, may then create functionally tightly connected cell assemblies within this network.

scholarly journals Postsynaptically Silent Synapses in Single Neuron Cultures

Neuron ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1443-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen N Gomperts ◽  
Anuradha Rao ◽  
Ann Marie Craig ◽  
Robert C Malenka ◽  
Roger A Nicoll
Keyword(s):  
Single Neuron ◽  
Silent Synapses

Activation of silent synapses with sustained but not decremental long-term potentiation

2007 ◽  
Vol 417 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Kasten ◽  
Yuan Fan ◽  
Paul E. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Silent Synapses ◽  
Term Potentiation
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