Random presentation enables subjects to adapt to two opposing forces on the hand

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rieko Osu ◽  
Satomi Hirai ◽  
Toshinori Yoshioka ◽  
Mitsuo Kawato
Keyword(s):  
Random Presentation

Verbal Punishment of Disfluencies in Normal Speakers

1965 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald M. Siegel ◽  
Richard R. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Random Presentation ◽  
Random Schedule

Forty normal speakers were divided into two groups to study the effects of two types of verbal punishment of disfluencies. The two conditions, Random and Contingent, were divided into three segments each. Punishment was not delivered in Segments 1 or 3. Segment 2 presented Random subjects with the tape recorded word “wrong” on a predetermined random schedule. Contingent subjects were delivered the word “wrong” after each disfluency. Random presentation of “wrong” did not significantly affect rate of disfluencies. Contingent presentation resulted in a sharp decrease in disfluencies during Segment 2, and an increase in disfluencies during Segment 3.

Word Recognition in Multitalker Babble Measured with Two Psychophysical Methods

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (08) ◽  
pp. 622-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Wilson ◽  
Christopher A. Burks ◽  
Deborah G. Weakley
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Random Presentation ◽  
Presentation Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Northwestern University ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the relationship between psychometric functions for words presented in multitalker babble using a descending presentation level protocol and a random presentation level protocol. Forty veterans (mean = 63.5 years) with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing losses were enrolled. Seventy of the Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6 words spoken by the VA female speaker were presented at seven signal-to-babble ratios from 24 to 0 dB (10 words/step). Although the random procedure required 69 sec longer to administer than the descending protocol, there was no significant difference between the results obtained with the two psychophysical methods. There was almost no relation between the perceived ability of the listeners to understand speech in background noise and their measured ability to understand speech in multitalker babble. Likewise, there was a tenuous relation between pure-tone thresholds and performance on the words in babble and between recognition performance in quiet and performance on the words in babble.

scholarly journals Erratum: Random presentation enables subjects to adapt to two opposing forces on the hand

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rieko Osu ◽  
Satomi Hirai ◽  
Toshinori Yoshioka ◽  
Mitsuo Kawato
Keyword(s):  
Random Presentation

Cueing and List Organization in the Recall of Categorized Lists

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1143-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin D. Sowder
Keyword(s):  
Category Label ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
List Presentation ◽  
Random Presentation ◽  
Presentation Condition ◽  
Random List ◽  
Sequential Organization ◽  
Category Item

A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment examined the effects on recall of (a) blocked and random sequential organization during presentation of categorized lists, (b) presence or absence of category item cues at recall, and (c) presence or absence of category label cues at recall. 24 subjects in the blocked-presentation condition and 24 subjects in the random-presentation condition learned and recalled lists in all of the four conditions of cues at recall. Significant effects were noted for both category label and category item cues following blocked presentation, but only category label cues significantly affected recall following random presentation. More words per category were recalled for blocked than for random list presentation. The presence of item cues at recall suppressed the words per category recalled.

Are Special Mechanisms Chosen in Short Experience-Based Identification of Degraded Geometric Forms?

Perception ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15-15
Author(s):  
B Blum ◽  
O Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Transfer Of Learning ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Random Presentation ◽  
Shared Component ◽  
Perceptual Performance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Log Linear

Perceptual performance schema are consistently prepared by human beings. Minimal ‘experience’ with pertinent stimulus attributes seem necessary. We presume that with new stimuli, a ‘linkage’ is formed with inner representations on the basis of commonly shared stimulus components. To investigate this hypothesis, we used ‘confusion stimuli’, ie degradations of five-corner and six-corner stars. These were presented within each of four paradigms: upright (u), rotated (10°; r), foveal/local viewing (A) or eccentric/global viewing (B), that is uA, uB, rA, and rB paradigms. Random presentation of stimuli prototypes preceded the stimulus so that in comparing the presented stimulus to one and the other prototype, the subject faced a 2AFC task. Series (4 to 6) each of 32 randomised paradigms were run on each of six subjects. The subjects keyed 5 or 6 on identifying one or the other stimulus. On the assumption that exposure time and/or acuity grades impose stimulus intensities, psychometric curves were derived by plotting probability of correct choice against either parameter. The results indicate that in hybrid paradigms such as the present uA and uB, or rA and rB subjects may use shared component strategy: ‘u strategy’ with uA and uB, ‘r strategy’ with rA and rB, shared A and B in generating viewpoint invariance. Similar log-linear psychometric curves and slopes for pairs of paradigms were obtained, and ‘transfer’ of learning presumably also based on shared stimulus properties was observed.

Organizational Effects on Recall of a Movement Series by Mildly Mentally Retarded Adolescents

1986 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 775-778
Author(s):  
David L. Porretta
Keyword(s):  
Arm Movements ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Random Presentation ◽  
Mental Age ◽  
Organizational Effects

The effect of an experimenter-presented organization on facilitating recall of various movement distances by 20 mentally retarded adolescents and 40 nonretarded individuals of the same mental age or chronological age was investigated. Blindfolded subjects performed linear arm movements and reproduced distances under either organized or random presentation conditions. Results support use of experimenter-presented organization in enhancing recall of movement distances in mildly mentally retarded adolescents.

Developmental Changes in the Perception of Inverted Triangular Forms: Closure and Order Effects

1971 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-592
Author(s):  
W. F. Landers ◽  
D. C. Cogan ◽  
R. R. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Presentation Order ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
School Age ◽  
Perceptual Development ◽  
Random Presentation ◽  
Reliable Interaction

90 preschool and school age children were required to judge the orientation of simple triangular forms of varying completeness presented in one of three orders: increasing completeness, decreasing completeness, and random. Results indicated that number of correct responses varied as a function of age, degree of closure, and presentation order. A reliable interaction between age and presentation order indicated that the random presentation order was more difficult for the younger children. These results were taken as substantial support for the perceptual development viewpoint typified by Gibson, Hebb, and Piaget.

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