scholarly journals Genetic basis for glandular trichome formation in cotton

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Ma ◽  
Yan Hu ◽  
Changqing Yang ◽  
Bingliang Liu ◽  
Lei Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Trichome Formation

scholarly journals Single Wavelengths of LED Light Supplement Promote the Biosynthesis of Major Cyclic Monoterpenes in Japanese Mint

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1420
Author(s):  
Takahiro Ueda ◽  
Miki Murata ◽  
Ken Yokawa
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Light Treatment ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Trichome Formation ◽  
Japanese Mint

Environmental light conditions influence the biosynthesis of monoterpenes in the mint plant. Cyclic terpenes, such as menthol, menthone, pulegone, and menthofuran, are major odor components synthesized in mint leaves. However, it is unclear how light for cultivation affects the contents of these compounds. Artificial lighting using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for plant cultivation has the advantage of preferential wavelength control. Here, we monitored monoterpene contents in hydroponically cultivated Japanese mint leaves under blue, red, or far-red wavelengths of LED light supplements. Volatile cyclic monoterpenes, pulegone, menthone, menthol, and menthofuran were quantified using the head-space solid phase microextraction method. As a result, all light wavelengths promoted the biosynthesis of the compounds. Remarkably, two weeks of blue-light supplement increased all compounds: pulegone (362% increase compared to the control), menthofuran (285%), menthone (223%), and menthol (389%). Red light slightly promoted pulegone (256%), menthofuran (178%), and menthol (197%). Interestingly, the accumulation of menthone (229%) or menthofuran (339%) was observed with far-red light treatment. The quantification of glandular trichomes density revealed that no increase under light supplement was confirmed. Blue light treatment even suppressed the glandular trichome formation. No promotion of photosynthesis was observed by pulse-amplitude-modulation (PAM) fluorometry. The present result indicates that light supplements directly promoted the biosynthetic pathways of cyclic monoterpenes.

Hair (H) interacts with SlZFP8-like to regulate the initiation and elongation of trichomes by modulating SlZFP6 expression in tomato

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangyan Zheng ◽  
Long Cui ◽  
Changxing Li ◽  
Qingmin Xie ◽  
Guo Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Finger Protein ◽  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Type I ◽  
Trichome Density ◽  
Trichome Formation ◽  
Finger Protein ◽  
Biochemical Assays ◽  
Direct Target ◽  
Glandular Structures ◽  
Close Homolog

Abstract Trichomes are specialized glandular or non-glandular structures that provide physical or chemical protection against insect and pathogens attack. Trichomes in Arabidopsis, as typical non-glandular structures, have been extensively studied. However, the molecular mechanism underlying glandular trichome formation and elongation still remains largely unknown. We previously demonstrated that Hair (H) is essential for the formation of type I and type VI trichomes. Here, we found that overexpression of H increased the density and length of tomato trichomes. We revealed that H physically interacts with its close homolog SlZFP8-like (SlZFP8L) and SlZFP8L also directly interacts with Woolly (Wo) by biochemical assays. SlZFP8L overexpression plants showed increased trichome density and length. We further found that the expression of SlZFP6, encoding a C2H2 zinc finger protein, is positively regulated by H. We identified that SlZFP6, is a direct target of H through ChIP-qPCR, Y1H, and LUC assays. Similar to H and SlZFP8L, the overexpression of SlZFP6 also increased the density and length of tomato trichomes. Taken together, our results suggest that H interacts with SlZFP8-like to regulate the initiation and elongation of trichomes by modulating SlZFP6 expression in tomato.

Genetic Control of Peltate Glandular Trichome Formation inPerilla frutescens

Planta Medica ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 58 (02) ◽  
pp. 188-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Nishizawa ◽  
Gisho Honda ◽  
Yoko Kobayashi ◽  
Mamoru Tabata
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Trichome Formation

scholarly journals Hairiness Gene Regulated Multicellular, Non-Glandular Trichome Formation in Pepper Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinqiu Liu ◽  
Haoran Wang ◽  
Mengmeng Liu ◽  
Jinkui Liu ◽  
Sujun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Finger Protein ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Type I ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
Trichome Formation ◽  
Defensive Role ◽  
Multicellular Trichome

Trichomes are unicellular or multicellular epidermal structures that play a defensive role against environmental stresses. Although unicellular trichomes have been extensively studied as a mechanistic model, the genes involved in multicellular trichome formation are not well understood. In this study, we first classified the trichome morphology structures in Capsicum species using 280 diverse peppers. We cloned a key gene (Hairiness) on chromosome 10, which mainly controlled the formation of multicellular non-glandular trichomes (types II, III, and V). Hairiness encodes a Cys2-His2 zinc-finger protein, and virus-induced gene silencing of the gene resulted in a hairless phenotype. Differential expression of Hairiness between the hairiness and hairless lines was due to variations in promoter sequences. Transgenic experiments verified the hypothesis that the promoter of Hairiness in the hairless line had extremely low activity causing a hairless phenotype. Hair controlled the formation of type I glandular trichomes in tomatoes, which was due to nucleotide differences. Taken together, our findings suggest that the regulation of multicellular trichome formation might have similar pathways, but the gene could perform slightly different functions in crops.

scholarly journals SlMYC1 Regulates Type VI Glandular Trichome Formation and Terpene Biosynthesis in Tomato Glandular Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2988-3005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiesen Xu ◽  
Zeger O. van Herwijnen ◽  
Dörthe B. Dräger ◽  
Chun Sui ◽  
Michel A. Haring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Terpene Biosynthesis ◽  
Trichome Formation ◽  
Glandular Cells

scholarly journals A novel WD40-repeat protein involved in formation of epidermal bladder cells in the halophyte quinoa

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Imamura ◽  
Yasuo Yasui ◽  
Hironori Koga ◽  
Hiroki Takagi ◽  
Akira Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Wd40 Repeat ◽  
Shoot Apices ◽  
Saline Tolerance ◽  
Trichome Formation ◽  
Bladder Cells ◽  
And Function

AbstractHalophytes are plants that grow in high-salt environments and form characteristic epidermal bladder cells (EBCs) that are important for saline tolerance. To date, however, little has been revealed about the formation of these structures. To determine the genetic basis for their formation, we applied ethylmethanesulfonate mutagenesis and obtained two mutants with reduced levels of EBCs (rebc) and abnormal chloroplasts. In silico subtraction experiments revealed that the rebc phenotype was caused by mutation of REBC, which encodes a WD40 protein that localizes to the nucleus and chloroplasts. Phylogenetic and transformant analyses revealed that the REBC protein differs from TTG1, a WD40 protein involved in trichome formation. Furthermore, rebc mutants displayed damage to their shoot apices under abiotic stress, suggesting that EBCs may protect the shoot apex from such stress. These findings will help clarify the mechanisms underlying EBC formation and function.

NtCycB2 negatively regulates tobacco glandular trichome formation, exudate accumulation, and aphid resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaojun Wang ◽  
Xiaoxiao Yan ◽  
Hongying Zhang ◽  
Ying Meng ◽  
Yang Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Aphid Resistance ◽  
Trichome Formation

Molecular Basis and Clinical Aspects of Hereditary Megakaryocyte and Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 114-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Scharf
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Platelet Membrane ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Membrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Membrane Glycoproteins ◽  
Membrane Expression ◽  
Receptor Complexes ◽  
Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein

SummarySpecific membrane glycoproteins (GP) expressed by the megakaryocyte-platelet system, including GPIa-lla, GPIb-V-IX, GPIIb-llla, and GPIV are involved in mediat-ing platelet adhesion to the subendothelial matrix. Among these glycoproteins, GPIIb-llla plays a pivotal role since platelet aggregation is exclusively mediated by this receptor and its interaction with soluble macromolecular proteins. Inherited defects of the GPIIb-llla or GPIb-V-IX receptor complexes are associated with bleeding disorders, known as Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, Bernard-Soulier syndrome, or platelet-type von Willebrand's disease, respectively. Using immuno-chemical and molecular biology techniques, rapid advances in our understanding of the molecular genetic basis of these disorders have been made during the last few years. Moreover, analyses of patients with congenital platelet membrane glycoprotein abnormalities have provided valuable insights into molecular mechanisms that are required for structural and functional integrity, normal biosynthesis of the glycoprotein complexes and coordinated membrane expression of their constituents. The present article reviews the current state of knowledge of the major membrane glycoproteins in health and disease. The spectrum of clinical bleeding manifestations and established diagnostic criteria for each of these dis-orders are summarized. In particular, the variety of molecular defects that have been identified so far and their genetic basis will be discussed.

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