Effects of active commuting and leisure-time exercise on fat loss in women and men with overweight and obesity: a randomized controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Quist ◽  
M Rosenkilde ◽  
M B Petersen ◽  
A S Gram ◽  
A Sjödin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Active Commuting ◽  
Fat Loss ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Anti-inflammatory effects of active commuting and leisure time exercise in overweight and obese women and men: A randomized controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 318-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Sofie Gram ◽  
Else-Marie Bladbjerg ◽  
Jonas Salling Quist ◽  
Martin Bæk Petersen ◽  
Mads Rosenkilde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Active Commuting ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Imaginal retraining decreases craving for high-calorie food in overweight and obese women: A randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Moritz ◽  
Anja S. Göritz ◽  
Stella Schmotz ◽  
Roland Weierstall-Pust ◽  
Josefine Gehlenborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
High Calorie

AbstractOverweight and obesity are epidemic conditions. Obesity is associated with somatic and psychological sequelae, including serious life-shortening disorders (e.g., diabetes). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a newly developed imaginal variant of approach bias modification (i.e., imaginal retraining) for the reduction of craving for high-calorie food. In a randomized controlled trial, 384 women with a body mass index above 25 were allocated to a wait-list control group or to two variants of imaginal retraining (ratio: 1; 0.5; 0.5). The two intervention groups were sent a manual on imaginal retraining. One group was explicitly encouraged and instructed to use electronic reminders (RER); the standard retraining group (RS) was not encouraged to use electronic reminders. Assessments were 6 weeks apart and were carried out online. Craving for high-calorie food represented the primary outcome (based on the Visual Analog Scale, VAS). Secondary outcomes included the Food Cravings Questionnaire (FCQ-T-R). The study was registered as DRKS00017220. Women in the RER group utilized the retraining technique more often than those in the RS condition, and utilization frequency in turn was associated with improvement on craving and eating behavior scales. Both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses showed a favorable effect of the RER group, which achieved significance on the primary outcome, as well as on several other outcomes relative to controls at a small to medium effect size. For those participants who measured their weight before and after the assessment using a scale, weight loss in the RER group was significantly greater compared to the control group. Both retraining groups (RER: 39.4%; RS: 31.1%) reduced their subjective amount of eating relative to controls (24.2%). Approximately two-thirds of the sample (68.3%) performed the exercises at least once during the study period. The present results show that, when used regularly, imaginal retraining may reduce craving for high-calorie food in overweight and obese women. Of note, there was also evidence suggestive of weight reduction, although no diet or lifestyle change was recommended in the manual. Because a large subgroup neither read the manual nor performed the exercises, we recommend that future imaginal retraining be conveyed via short video clips.

scholarly journals Aim2Be mHealth intervention for children with overweight and obesity: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise C. Mâsse ◽  
Janae Vlaar ◽  
Janice Macdonald ◽  
Jennifer Bradbury ◽  
Tom Warshawski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Mhealth Intervention ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Socio-Ecological Natural Experiment with Randomized Controlled Trial to Promote Active Commuting to Work: Process Evaluation, Behavioral Impacts, and Changes in the Use and Quality of Walking and Cycling Paths

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Aittasalo ◽  
Johanna Tiilikainen ◽  
Kari Tokola ◽  
Jaana Suni ◽  
Harri Sievänen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Active Commuting ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Journey To Work

Active commuting to work (ACW) has beneficial effects on health, traffic, and climate. However, more robust evidence is needed on how to promote ACW. This paper reports the findings of a multilevel natural experiment with a randomized controlled trial in 16 Finnish workplaces. In Phase 1, 11 workplaces (1823 employees) from Area 1 were exposed to environmental improvements in walking and cycling paths. In Phase 2, five more workplaces (826 employees) were recruited from Area 2 and all workplaces were randomized into experimental group (EXP) promoting ACW with social and behavioral strategies and comparison group (COM) participating only in data collection. Process and impact evaluation with questionnaires, travel diaries, accelerometers, traffic calculations, and auditing were conducted. Statistics included Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and after-before differences with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). After Phase 1, positive change was seen in the self-reported number of days, which the employees intended to cycle part of their journey to work in the following week (p = 0.001). After Phase 2, intervention effect was observed in the proportion of employees, who reported willingness to increase walking (8.7%; 95% CI 1.8 to 15.6) and cycling (5.5%; 2.2 to 8.8) and opportunity to cycle part of their journey to work (5.9%; 2.1 to 9.7). To conclude, the intervention facilitated employees’ motivation for ACW, which is the first step towards behavior change.

scholarly journals The Impact of Fresh Hass Avocado on the Fecal Metabolome Among Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1593-1593
Author(s):  
Sharon Thompson ◽  
Ziyang Pan ◽  
Caitlyn Edwards ◽  
Ginger Reeser ◽  
Naiman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Type I ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Hass Avocado ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Avocados are nutrient-rich fruits that have been recently linked to beneficial alterations to the gastrointestinal microbiota. However, previous research on shifts in the fecal metabolome with avocado intake has largely been conducted in in vitro or preclinical models and little is known about their metabolomic impact in human subjects. Methods Adult participants (n = 109) 25–45 years of age with BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 were enrolled in an investigator-blinded, parallel arm, randomized, controlled trial. Participants consumed isocaloric meals with or without fresh Hass avocado once daily for 12-weeks and reported ≥ 80% meal consumption over the intervention period. Untargeted fecal metabolites were quantified in a subsample of participants (n = 48) using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy and were normalized by sample weight. Kruskal-Wallis tests and false discovery rate type I error correction were conducted and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was used to predict treatment group by fecal metabolite concentrations (RStudio, version 3.6.2). Results A total of 292 metabolites were identified at intervention follow-up. Of these, three metabolites differed significantly between treatment groups. Fecal concentrations of lanosterol (P = 0.0004, q = 0.04) and the fatty alcohols hexadecanol (P = 0.001, q = 0.04) and octadecanol (P = 0.001, q = 0.04), were greater in the group consuming avocado as compared to control. Seventeen additional metabolites, including nine fecal lipids, two fat soluble vitamin derivatives, and three monosaccharides/disaccharides differed at P < 0.05 but did not meet the q < 0.05 threshold. Treatment group assignment was predicted correctly in 70% of cases (R2 = 72%, Q2 = 33%) using the trained OPLS-DA model. Conclusions Fresh Hass avocado intake increased fecal lipid and sterol concentrations among healthy adults with overweight and obesity, demonstrating diet-related modifications to the fecal metabolome. Funding Sources Support for this research was provided by the Hass Avocado Board, the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project 1009249, and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture AFRI Predoctoral Fellowship, project 2018–07785.

scholarly journals Effects of active commuting and leisure-time exercise on appetite in individuals with overweight and obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 941-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Salling Quist ◽  
Martin Bæk Blond ◽  
Anne Sofie Gram ◽  
Carina Bjørnskov Steenholt ◽  
Charlotte Janus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Active Commuting ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Ad Libitum

Acute exercise is associated with a transient suppression of appetite. The effects of regular exercise on appetite are not well understood. We aimed to determine the effects of active commuting and leisure-time exercise on appetite. One hundred thirty physically inactive women and men (20–45 yr) with overweight and obesity were randomized to 6 mo of habitual lifestyle (CON, n = 18), active commuting (BIKE, n = 35), or leisure-time exercise of moderate [MOD, 50% peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2peak)-reserve, n = 39] or vigorous (VIG, 70% V̇o2peak-reserve, n = 38) intensity. Appetite ratings, acylated ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and glucagon were assessed in the basal state and in response to meal and exercise challenges at baseline and 3 and 6 mo. Ad libitum energy intake was determined during test meals. Data from 90 participants (per protocol) were available, and results are comparisons with CON. At 3 mo, ad libitum energy intake was lower in VIG (−22%, P < 0.01), basal glucagon was lower in BIKE ( P < 0.05) and VIG ( P = 0.01), and postprandial ratings of prospective food consumption were lower in MOD ( P = 0.02) and VIG ( P < 0.001). In VIG, ratings of hunger ( P = 0.01) and prospective food consumption ( P = 0.03) were lower after acute exercise at 3 mo. At 6 mo, basal and postprandial GLP-1 were higher ( P ≤ 0.04) whereas postexercise PYY was lower ( P = 0.03) in VIG and postexercise CCK was lower in BIKE ( P = 0.03). Vigorous-intensity exercise training leads to a transient suppression of energy intake and subjective appetite (3 mo) but a more long-term increase in basal and postprandial GLP-1 (6 mo) in individuals with overweight and obesity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first randomized controlled trial, to our knowledge, investigating long-term effects of exercise domain and intensity on subjective and hormonal markers of appetite and ad libitum energy intake in individuals with overweight and obesity. Appetite was assessed in response to meal and exercise challenges at baseline and at 3 and 6 mo. Anorexigenic effects of exercise vary with the duration of intervention and are restricted to regular leisure-time exercise of vigorous intensity in individuals with overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Effects of 6 Months of Active Commuting and Leisure-Time Exercise on Fibrin Turnover in Sedentary Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Sofie Gram ◽  
Martin Bæk Petersen ◽  
Jonas Salling Quist ◽  
Mads Rosenkilde ◽  
Bente Stallknecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Fibrin Clot ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Active Commuting ◽  
Long Term Effects

Obesity and exercise constitute important factors for cardiovascular disease risk, but the long-term effects of different exercise modalities on haemostatic biomarkers are not well elucidated. We investigated the effects of 6 months of active commuting or leisure-time exercise on measures of fibrin turnover in individuals who are overweight and obese. Ninety younger (20–40 years), sedentary, healthy women and men who are overweight and obese (BMI: 25–35 kg/m2) were randomised to 6 months of habitual lifestyle (CON, n=16), active commuting (BIKE, n=19), or leisure-time exercise of moderate (MOD, ∼50% VO2peak reserve, n=31) or vigorous intensity (VIG, ∼70% VO2peak reserve, n=24). Fasting blood samples (baseline and 3 and 6 months) were analysed for cholesterols and triglycerides, thrombin generation, prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, D-dimer, fibrin clot properties, and fibrinolytic activity. We observed no differences between CON, BIKE, MOD, and VIG during the intervention and no time effects for any of the variables measured despite increased VO2peak in all exercise groups. We found no difference between CON and all exercise groups combined and no gender-specific effects of exercise. Our findings suggest that thrombin generation capacity, coagulation activation, fibrin clot structure, and lysability are unaffected by long-term active commuting and leisure-time exercise in women and men who are overweight and obese.

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