scholarly journals Erratum: Loss of anti-contractile effect of perivascular adipose tissue in offspring of obese rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 997-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
K E Zaborska ◽  
M Wareing ◽  
G Edwards ◽  
C Austin
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Contractile Effect ◽  
Obese Rats

scholarly journals 202 AMPK Activation Partially Restores the Anti-Contractile Effect of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Female Offspring of Obese Rats

Heart ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (Suppl 6) ◽  
pp. A135.2-A135
Author(s):  
Karolina Zaborska ◽  
Gillian Edwards ◽  
Clare Austin ◽  
Mark Wareing
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Ampk Activation ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Contractile Effect ◽  
Obese Rats

scholarly journals Restoring Perivascular Adipose Tissue Function in Obesity Using Exercise

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie N Saxton ◽  
Lauren K Toms ◽  
Robert G Aldous ◽  
Sarah B Withers ◽  
Jacqueline Ohanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Electrical Field Stimulation ◽  
Organic Cation Transporter ◽  
Nervous Stimulation ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Contractile Effect ◽  
Organic Cation Transporter 3

AbstractPurposePerivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) exerts an anti-contractile effect which is vital in regulating vascular tone. This effect is mediated via sympathetic nervous stimulation of PVAT by a mechanism which involves noradrenaline uptake through organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) and β3-adrenoceptor-mediated adiponectin release. In obesity, autonomic dysfunction occurs, which may result in a loss of PVAT function and subsequent vascular disease. Accordingly, we have investigated abnormalities in obese PVAT, and the potential for exercise in restoring function.MethodsVascular contractility to electrical field stimulation (EFS) was assessed ex vivo in the presence of pharmacological tools in ±PVAT vessels from obese and exercised obese mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect changes in expression of β3-adrenoceptors, OCT3 and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in PVAT.ResultsHigh fat feeding induced hypertension, hyperglycaemia, and hyperinsulinaemia, which was reversed using exercise, independent of weight loss. Obesity induced a loss of the PVAT anti-contractile effect, which could not be restored via β3-adrenoceptor activation. Moreover, adiponectin no longer exerts vasodilation. Additionally, exercise reversed PVAT dysfunction in obesity by reducing inflammation of PVAT and increasing β3-adrenoceptor and OCT3 expression, which were downregulated in obesity. Furthermore, the vasodilator effects of adiponectin were restored.ConclusionLoss of neutrally mediated PVAT anti-contractile function in obesity will contribute to the development of hypertension and type II diabetes. Exercise training will restore function and treat the vascular complications of obesity.

scholarly journals Loss of anti-contractile effect of perivascular adipose tissue in offspring of obese rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1205-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
K E Zaborska ◽  
M Wareing ◽  
G Edwards ◽  
C Austin
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Contractile Effect ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

Abstract Rationale: Maternal obesity pre-programmes offspring to develop obesity and associated cardiovascular disease. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) exerts an anti-contractile effect on the vasculature, which is reduced in hypertension and obesity. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether maternal obesity pre-programmes offspring to develop PVAT dysfunction in later life. Methods: Female Sprague–Dawley rats were fed a diet containing 10% (control) or 45% fat (high fat diet, HFD) for 12 weeks prior to mating and during pregnancy and lactation. Male offspring were killed at 12 or 24 weeks of age and tension in PVAT-intact or -denuded mesenteric artery segments was measured isometrically. Concentration–response curves were constructed to U46619 and norepinephrine. Results: Only 24-week-old HFD offspring were hypertensive (P<0.0001), although the anti-contractile effect of PVAT was lost in vessels from HFD offspring of each age. Inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase with 100 μM l-NMMA attenuated the anti-contractile effect of PVAT and increased contractility of PVAT-denuded arteries (P<0.05, P<0.0001). The increase in contraction was smaller in PVAT-intact than PVAT-denuded vessels from 12-week-old HFD offspring, suggesting decreased PVAT-derived NO and release of a contractile factor (P<0.07). An additional, NO-independent effect of PVAT was evident only in norepinephrine-contracted vessels. Activation of AMP-activated kinase (with 10 μM A769662) was anti-contractile in PVAT-denuded (P<0.0001) and -intact (P<0.01) vessels and was due solely to NO in controls; the AMPK effect was similar in HFD offspring vessels (P<0.001 and P<0.01, respectively) but was partially NO-independent. Conclusions: The diminished anti-contractile effects of PVAT in offspring of HFD dams are primarily due to release of a PVAT-derived contractile factor and reduced NO bioavailability.

Hydrogen-sulfide-mediated vasodilatory effect of nucleoside 5′-monophosphorothioates in perivascular adipose tissue

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (7) ◽  
pp. 585-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Bełtowski ◽  
Andrzej Guranowski ◽  
Anna Jamroz-Wiśniewska ◽  
Andrzej Wolski ◽  
Krzysztof Hałas
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vasodilatory Effect ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Isolated Rat

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is synthesized in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and induces vasorelaxation. We examined whether the sulfur-containing AMP and GMP analogs AMPS and GMPS can serve as the H2S donors in PVAT. H2S production by isolated rat periaortic adipose tissue (PAT) was measured with a polarographic sensor. In addition, phenylephrine-induced contractility of aortic rings with (+) or without (−) PAT was examined. Isolated PAT produced H2S from AMPS or GMPS in the presence of the P2X7 receptor agonist BzATP. Phenylephrine-induced contractility of PAT(+) rings was lower than of PAT(−) rings. AMPS or GMPS had no effect on the contractility of PAT(−) rings, but used together with BzATP reduced the contractility of PAT(+) rings when endogenous H2S production was inhibited with propargylglycine. A high-fat diet reduced endogenous H2S production by PAT. Interestingly, AMPS and GMPS were converted to H2S by PAT of obese rats, and reduced contractility of PAT(+) aortic rings isolated from these animals even in the absence of BzATP. We conclude that (i) AMPS and GMPS can be hydrolyzed to H2S by PAT when P2X7 receptors are activated, (ii) a high-fat diet impairs endogenous H2S production by PAT, (iii) AMPS and GMPS restore the anticontractile effects of PAT in obese animals without P2X7 stimulation.

scholarly journals Exercise training restores eNOS activation in the perivascular adipose tissue of obese rats: Impact on vascular function

Nitric Oxide ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Meziat ◽  
Doria Boulghobra ◽  
Eva Strock ◽  
Sylvain Battault ◽  
Isabelle Bornard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Obese Rats

Role of Extracellular Calcium and Calcium Sensitization in the Anti-Contractile Effect of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Pregnant Rat Aorta

Pharmacology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aishah Al-Jarallah ◽  
Elsie Oommen ◽  
Lilly Chacko Verghese ◽  
Mabayoje A. Oriowo
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Extracellular Calcium ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Calcium Sensitization ◽  
Contractile Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gf 109203X

Previous studies have shown that the anti-contractile effect of the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is attenuated in pregnancy. In the present investigation, we have examined the possibility that this loss of anti-contractile effect could be due to changes in calcium mobilization. PVAT exerted anti-contractile effect against 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-induced contractions of aorta segments from pregnant and non-pregnant rats and this anti-contractile effect was attenuated in segments from pregnant rats. Nifedipine (10–6 mol/L), an inhibitor of L-type dihydropyridine calcium channels, significantly reduced 5-HT-induced contraction of aorta segments from non-pregnant and pregnant rats with and without PVAT. The inhibitory effect of nifedipine against 5-HT-induced contractions was attenuated in PVAT-free aorta segments from pregnant rats. However, while PVAT reduced the effectiveness of nifedipine in aorta segments from non-pregnant rats, it partially restored the inhibitory effect of nifedipine in aorta segments from pregnant rats. Inhibitors of calcium sensitization, Y-27632 (10–6 mol/L) and GF 109203X (10–6 mol/L), significantly reduced 5-HT-induced contractions of PVAT-free aorta segments from non-pregnant and pregnant rats. Both inhibitors, however, were less effective in aorta segments from pregnant rats. The presence of PVAT reduced the effectiveness of Y-27632 and GF 109203X in aorta segments from pregnant and non-pregnant rats. Protein expression of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) I and II was detected in aorta segments and PVAT from pregnant and non-pregnant rats. There was a reduction in the expression of both isoforms in aorta segments but not PVAT from pregnant rats. In addition, there was no significant difference in the expression of ROCK-I and ROCK-II in PVAT from pregnant and non-pregnant rats. We concluded that the loss of anti-contractile effect of PVAT in aorta segments from pregnant rats could be due to increased influx of extracellular calcium through nifedipine-sensitive dihydropyridine channels.

Melatonin reverses the loss of the anticontractile effect of perivascular adipose tissue in obese rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália A. Gonzaga ◽  
Wanessa M. C. Awata ◽  
Sabrina P. Ficher ◽  
Victor O. Assis ◽  
Juliano V. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Obese Rats
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