scholarly journals Systolic Blood Pressure and Adiposity: Examination by Race and Gender in a Nationally Representative Sample of Young Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Brummett ◽  
M. B. Babyak ◽  
I. C. Siegler ◽  
R. Surwit ◽  
A. Georgiades ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Gender

Restaurant Tipping Discrimination: Evidence from a Representative Sample of US Households

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusrat Jahan ◽  
Andrea Leschewski ◽  
David E. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Food Acquisition ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Extensive And Intensive Margins ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Tipping Behavior

AbstractDiscrimination in tipping creates concerns of inequity in service quality for restaurant operators (Brewster 2017). We use the National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey data to conduct one of the very few nationally representative examinations of tipping behavior at US restaurants. We focus on differences in tipping behavior between groups with identifiable characteristics and investigate whether tipping differences between groups are robust to inclusion of a variety of controls. We investigate tipping at the extensive and intensive margins. In contrast to earlier studies, we find little evidence that tipping varies by race and gender.

Race and gender differences in attitudes toward help seeking among marginalized young adults with mood disorders: A mixed-methods investigation.

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Narendorf ◽  
Michelle R. Munson ◽  
Shelly Ben-David ◽  
Andrea R. Cole ◽  
Lionel D. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Gut Microbiome of a Multiethnic Community Possessed No Predominant Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 702
Author(s):  
Wei Wei Thwe Khine ◽  
Anna Hui Ting Teo ◽  
Lucas Wee Wei Loong ◽  
Jarett Jun Hao Tan ◽  
Clarabelle Geok Hui Ang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sugary Beverages ◽  
Faecal Microbiome ◽  
Scale Types

With increasing globalisation, various diets from around the world are readily available in global cities. This study aimed to verify if multiethnic dietary habits destabilised the gut microbiome in response to frequent changes, leading to readily colonisation of exogenous microbes. This may have health implications. We profiled Singapore young adults of different ethnicities for dietary habits, faecal type, gut microbiome and cytokine levels. Subjects were challenged with Lactobacillus casei, and corresponding changes in microbiome and cytokines were evaluated. Here, we found that the majority of young adults had normal stool types (73% Bristol Scale Types 3 and 4) and faecal microbiome categorised into three clusters, irrespective of race and gender. Cluster 1 was dominated by Bacteroides, Cluster 2 by Prevotella, while Cluster 3 showed a marginal increase in Blautia, Ruminococaceae and Ruminococcus, without a predominant microbiota. These youngsters in the three faecal microbiome clusters preferred Western high sugary beverages, Southeast Asian plant-rich diet and Asian/Western diets in rotation, respectively. Multiethnic dietary habits (Cluster 3) led to a gut microbiome without predominant microbiota yet demonstrated colonisation resistance to Lactobacillus. Although Bacteroides and Prevotella are reported to be health-promoting but also risk factors for some illnesses, Singapore-style dietary rotation habits may alleviate Bacteroides and Prevotella associated ill effects. Different immunological outcome was observed during consumption of the lactobacilli among the three microbiome clusters.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Current and Past Binge Drinking and Systolic Blood Pressure in Young Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Wellman ◽  
John A. Vaughn ◽  
Marie-Pierre Sylvestre ◽  
Erin K. O'Loughlin ◽  
Erika N. Dugas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Binge Drinking

The Problem with Square Pegs: Sexual Orientation Concordance as a Predictor of Depressive Symptoms

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Caplan
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship

The author uses a nationally representative sample of cisgender young adults to examine the relationship between sexual orientation concordance and the prevalence of depressive symptoms. In these analyses, the author differentiates between those with an exclusive identity (100 percent gay or 100 percent straight) and those with a nonexclusive identity (“mostly gay,” “mostly straight,” or bisexual). Among those with an exclusive identity, the author differentiates between those with behavior and attraction that is in line with (concordant) or goes against (discordant) a claimed gay or straight identity. Those with a concordant sexual orientation report significantly lower depressive symptoms scores than do those with either a discordant sexual orientation or a nonexclusive identity. When accounting for orientation, concordance is significantly associated with depressive symptoms for straight- but not gay-identified young adults. These findings generally hold for women, but not for men when change in identity is controlled for.

Abstract P053: Sodium and Potassium Intake and Blood Pressure and Risk of Hypertension Among U.S. Adults - Results From NHANES 2003-2008

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zefeng Zhang ◽  
Mary Cogswell ◽  
Cathleen Gillespie ◽  
Jing Fang ◽  
Shifan Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Introduction: Evidence from randomized controlled trials demonstrates higher sodium and/or lower potassium intake increase blood pressure and the risk of hypertension. However, the relationship between sodium, potassium and blood pressure has not been examined using nationally representative sample and estimated usual intakes of these nutrients. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that usual sodium and potassium intake have opposing effects on blood pressure and a higher sodium-to-potassium ratio is associated with elevated blood pressure and hypertension. Methods: We analyzed data on 12,854 participants aged 20 years and older from the 2003-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. We estimated the usual intakes of sodium and potassium from the diet accounting for measurement error. Mean blood pressure was calculated from up to three readings on each subject and hypertension included both diagnosed and undiagnosed hypertension. We used multivariable linear regression to examine the associations between intakes of sodium, potassium and their ratio with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and logistic regression for associations with hypertension. Results: The average estimated usual intakes of sodium and potassium were 3465 and 2741 mg/d, respectively. The average sodium-to-potassium ratio was 1.39; higher ratios were observed among males, younger and non-Hispanic black participants. After adjustment for potential confounders, usual intakes of sodium, potassium and their ratio were significantly associated with systolic blood pressure, with an increase of 1.08 mm Hg (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.30 – 1.86) and a decrease of 1.47 mmHg (95% CI: -2.31, -0.63) for every 1000 mg/d increase in sodium and potassium intake, respectively, and an increase of 2.80 mmHg (95% CI: 0.90 - 4.70) for every unit increase in sodium-to-potassium ratio. No association was found for diastolic blood pressure. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) comparing the highest and lowest quartiles of usual sodium or potassium intakes were 1.63 (95% CI: 1.14 - 2.34) and 0.61 (95% CI: 0.45 - 0.82), respectively, for risk of hypertension. For sodium-to-potassium ratio, the adjusted OR was 1.49 (95% CI: 1.17 - 1.89). The patterns of association were largely consistent across age, gender, race/ethnicity, body mass index, and education subgroups. Conclusions: In conclusion, our results indicated higher sodium and lower potassium intakes were associated with increased systolic blood pressure and risk for hypertension. The combined effect of sodium and potassium might play a central role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The results further confirm that reducing sodium and increasing potassium intakes concurrently may have important implications in the prevention of hypertension, and hence, of cardiovascular disease.

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