Comparison between Water and Alcohol Consumption in Six Animal Species in Free-choice Experiments

Nature ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 191 (4790) ◽  
pp. 819-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALPO ARVOLA ◽  
OLOF FORSANDER
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Choice Experiments

The Earliest Toasts

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Guerra-Doce
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Religious Factors ◽  
Archaeological Perspective

The taste for alcohol is not exclusive to humans, as some other animal species are attracted to ripe fruits and nectar due to the natural occurrence of ethanol. However, what makes Homo sapiens different is their capacity to produce alcoholic beverages. From the Neolithic, if not earlier, the production of alcoholic drinks is documented, and this production ensured the supply of alcohol. Consequently, alcohol consumption was no longer sporadic and occasional. This process ran in parallel to the development of specific alcohol-related equipment, and organized drinking patterns gradually became more and more formalized. Its use has depended not only on its effects, mainly its capacity to enhance sociability, but also on historical, economic, and religious factors. The aim of this chapter is to search for the origins of this dynamic in prehistoric Europe from an archaeological perspective in order to explore the foundations of the cultural construction of alcohol.

Effect of caffeine on alcohol consumption and alcohol-induced conditioned place preference in rodents

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agbonlahor Okhuarobo ◽  
Ighodaro Igbe ◽  
Abdulmajid Yahaya ◽  
Zakariya Sule
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Conditioned Place Preference ◽  
Adenosine Receptors ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Place Preference ◽  
Priming Dose ◽  
Alcohol Deprivation Effect ◽  
Adenosine Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Deprivation Effect ◽  
Unlimited Access

Abstract Background The aim of the study was to determine the effect of caffeine on alcohol consumption with or without deprivation and alcohol-induced conditioned place preference. Methods In the present study, we examined the effects of caffeine (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg) on alcohol consumption in Wistar rats with or without periods of deprivation in an unlimited-access, two-bottle, free choice drinking procedure after a stable baseline alcohol consumption was established. Conditioned place preference (CPP) was established by intraperitoneal injections of alcohol (2 g/kg) in a 12-day conditioning schedule in mice. The effect of caffeine (3 mg/kg) on CPP expression was determined by a final post-conditioning test following 12 conditioning sessions with alcohol. The effect of caffeine (3 mg/kg) on the reinstatement of alcohol-induced CPP was determined in a final post-conditioning test following 12 conditioning sessions with alcohol and the extinction of alcohol-induced CPP. Results Alcohol deprivation for 3 days did not result in alcohol deprivation effect (ADE). While caffeine (10 mg/kg) caused a significant (p<0.05) reduction in alcohol consumption compared with the baseline following a period of alcohol deprivation, it did not cause a change in alcohol consumption compared with the baseline in the study without alcohol deprivation phase. Caffeine significantly (p<0.05) reduced the expression of alcohol-induced CPP compared to saline and blocked the reinstatement of alcohol-induced CPP following the injection of a priming dose (0.4 g/kg) of alcohol. Conclusions Given that caffeine is an adenosine receptor antagonist, our findings suggest a role for adenosine receptors in the alcohol reward and alcohol-seeking behaviour.

scholarly journals Preference of Orius insidiosus and Orius tristicolor (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) for Host Plants in Olfactometry and Free-Choice Experiments

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
María E. Lorenzo ◽  
Leticia Bao ◽  
Luciana Mendez ◽  
Gabriela Grille ◽  
Olivier Bonato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Choice Experiments ◽  
Orius Insidiosus

Free-Choice Alcohol Consumption in Mice After Application of the Appetite Regulating Peptide Leptin

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 787-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Kiefer ◽  
H. Jahn ◽  
K. Wolf ◽  
P. Kampf ◽  
K. Knaudt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Free Choice

scholarly journals Coffee Berry Borer Resistance in Coffee Genotypes

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Hiroshi Sera ◽  
Tumoru Sera ◽  
Dhalton Shiguer Ito ◽  
Claudionor Ribeiro Filho ◽  
Amador Villacorta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Choice Experiments ◽  
Coffee Berry ◽  
Coffee Berry Borer ◽  
Petri Dishes

The aim of this study was to evaluate the coffee germplasm of the Paraná Agronomic Institute (IAPAR) for resistance to the coffee-berry-borer. Preliminary field evaluation was performed in August 2004 and the fruits of less damaged genotypes in the field were evaluated under controlled condition with obligated and free choice experiments established in a randomized complete design with three replications. The genotypes were evaluated fifteen days after infestation with one borer per fruit in Petri dishes. The data were analyzed by the Scott-Knott means test at 1 % and by the χ2 test. Statistical analysis indicated that Coffea kapakata, Psilanthus bengalensis, C. eugenioides and genotypes with C. eugenioides genes were resistant. These genotypes presented low frequency of bored grains. C. eugenioides and C. kapakata could present resistance at epicarp level but not in the grain. P. bengalensis could present resistance also in the grains.

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