(1) Earth Flexures; their Geometry and their Representation and Analysis in Geological Section, with special reference to the Problem of Oil Finding (2) The Geology of Petroleum and Natural Gas (3) Analytical Principles of the Production of Oil, Gas and Water from Wells: a Treatise based upon a System of Fluid Mechanics particularly adapted to the Study of the Performance of Natural Reservoirs

Nature ◽  
1929 ◽  
Vol 124 (3130) ◽  
pp. 644-645
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Geological Section ◽  
Oil Gas

Constitutive surfaces in fluid mechanics

1980 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Sewell ◽  
D. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Flow Stress ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Gas Dynamics ◽  
Inviscid Fluid ◽  
Hydraulic Jumps ◽  
Shallow Water Theory

AbstractThe new concept of a constitutive surface is introduced into inviscid fluid mechanics, with special reference to compressible gas dynamics and to shallow water theory. The detailed shape of such surfaces is calculated, including the manner of their transition across singularities where the Mach or Froude number passes through unity. The calculation draws upon recent work describing the transition of a Legendre transformation through its singularity. For example, mass flow Q, total energy h and flow stress P are always related by part of a ‘swallowtail’ surface, regardless of the particular motion.The addition of dynamical conditions defines particle history tracks which always lie on constitutive surfaces even for unsteady flow, except that they may jump from one part to another of such a surface when shock waves or hydraulic jumps are passed through.Illustrations given include the steady flow of a general gas through a standing normal shock, general shallow water theory, and flow along a sloping-sided channel. Connections with existing literature are described.

scholarly journals A natural gas hydrate-oil-gas system in the Qilian Mountain permafrost area, northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

China Geology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-523
Author(s):  
Zhen-quan Lu ◽  
◽  
Shi-qi Tang ◽  
Xiao-ling Luo ◽  
Gang-yi Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Qilian Mountain ◽  
Natural Gas Hydrate ◽  
Gas System ◽  
Mountain Permafrost ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau ◽  
Oil Gas

scholarly journals Characterization and Treatment Technologies Applied for Produced Water in Qatar

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3573
Author(s):  
Hana D. Dawoud ◽  
Haleema Saleem ◽  
Nasser Abdullah Alnuaimi ◽  
Syed Javaid Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Oil Gas

Qatar is one of the major natural gas (NG) producing countries, which has the world’s third-largest NG reserves besides the largest supplier of liquefied natural gas (LNG). Since the produced water (PW) generated in the oil and gas industry is considered as the largest waste stream, cost-effective PW management becomes fundamentally essential. The oil/gas industries in Qatar produce large amounts of PW daily, hence the key challenges facing these industries reducing the volume of PW injected in disposal wells by a level of 50% for ensuring the long-term sustainability of the reservoir. Moreover, it is important to study the characteristics of PW to determine the appropriate method to treat it and then use it for various applications such as irrigation, or dispose of it without harming the environment. This review paper targets to highlight the generation of PW in Qatar, as well as discuss the characteristics of chemical, physical, and biological treatment techniques in detail. These processes and methods discussed are not only applied by Qatari companies, but also by other companies associated or in collaboration with those in Qatar. Finally, case studies from different companies in Qatar and the challenges of treating the PW are discussed. From the different studies analyzed, various techniques as well as sequencing of different techniques were noted to be employed for the effective treatment of PW.

scholarly journals From initial advice statement to export – a 10 year retrospective of Queensland's liquefied natural gas industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Peter Downey ◽  
Jon Thomas ◽  
Mark Stone
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Natural Gas Industry ◽  
Project Life ◽  
Oil Gas

A decade on from the submission of project initial advice statements to Queensland Government agencies in 2008, this paper provides a retrospective on the development journey of three integrated coal seam gas (CSG) to liquefied natural gas (LNG) mega-projects currently delivering domestic and international markets. The process from development concept to operating asset is considered from several perspectives including: project rationale, description and delivery, as well as regulatory approvals. Project delivery is further considered in terms of the upstream, midstream and downstream components. The delivery of world first CSG to LNG is discussed in the context of project execution during significant volatility in the global oil, gas and LNG markets. All three projects have successfully completed commissioning and start-up. Although all six trains have been performance tested at name-plate production capacity, current LNG production is below this level. This paper examines their evolution from the initial concepts through to delivery, including current gas reserves and those required to sustain gas supply over expected project life. The paper also considers how these projects and any future expansion of the Queensland LNG industry will be impacted upon by an evolving global LNG market.

To Comply: Why Should I?

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Robert ◽  
Nadia Be´langer
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Regulatory Agency ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Formal System ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Oil Gas

The National Energy Board (NEB) is a Canadian federal regulatory agency whose mandate under the NEB Act is to regulate the construction and operation of interprovincial and international oil, gas and commodity pipelines; the construction and operation of international and designated interprovincial power lines; the setting of tolls and tariffs for oil and gas pipelines under its jurisdiction; the export of oil, natural gas and electricity, and the import of natural gas. International and interprovincial pipelines are subject to the statutory requirements of the NEB Act and Regulations made by the NEB. The regulations typically incorporate consensus standards such as the Canadian Standards Association (CSA Z662 - Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems). The NEB tracks and monitors compliance to ensure that companies fulfill the requirements of the Act and Regulations as well as any conditions imposed at the time of approval of the facilities. In carrying out its mandate, the NEB promotes the safety of people, the protection of property and the environment, and economic efficiency in the Canadian public interest. Recently, the NEB has implemented a formal system to track and monitor compliance. In approving new projects, the NEB imposes conditions outlined in approval Orders and Certificates. It then tracks these conditions for compliance, completeness and effectiveness. The compliance information is gathered mainly from activities such as inspections, audits and company filings. This paper explores in greater detail the NEB’s role in terms of tracking and monitoring compliance, NEB expectations of regulated companies and the effectiveness of a self-reporting condition. It also discusses the advantages for companies to be in compliance and its importance.

On the efficiency of integrated analysis of parameters of ref- racted and reflected waves in prediction of oil-gas bearing of section

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Kh.I. Shakarov ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Parameters ◽  
Reflected Waves ◽  
Common Depth Point ◽  
Geological Section ◽  
Oil Gas ◽  
Gas Bearing ◽  
Refracted Waves

Based on the comparative analysis of results of researches carried out via the methods of reflected and refracted waves with the purpose of prediction of geological section, the paper justifies that one of the major evidences in the field of seismic wave in oil-gas fields of geological section is the differentiation of elastic properties of oil-gas bearing reservoirs from the environment. Based on mutual comparison of results of conducted researches, it is shown that in the prediction of geological section the integ- rated analysis of changes of dynamic parameters of the waves reflected from the surface of oil-gas bearing reservoir and transmitted through this surface may further increase the reliability of obtained results. The research surveys carried out in Naftalan-Shimali Naftalan areas via the methods of reflected and refracted waves were simultaneously analyzed. With the aim of comparative analysis, the deposit type anomalies revealed through the method of refracted waves were compared to the results of attributed analysis of seismic cross-sections obtained with the method of common depth point. The correspondence of the signs associated with the oil-gas bearing content in change of dynamic parameters of refracted and reflected waves has been specified. With the purpose of prediction of geological section, a complex research is proposed.

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