scholarly journals Indirect contact predicts direct contact: Longitudinal evidence and the mediating role of intergroup anxiety.

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Wölfer ◽  
Oliver Christ ◽  
Katharina Schmid ◽  
Nicole Tausch ◽  
Friederike M. Buchallik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Indirect Contact ◽  
Intergroup Anxiety ◽  
Mediating Role

scholarly journals Induction of Proteases in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis, the Role of ICAM-1/CD43 Interaction

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 117727190700200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawar A. Alkhamesi ◽  
Gretta Roberts ◽  
Paul Ziprin ◽  
David H. Peck ◽  
Ara W. Darzi
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Tumor Invasion ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Gelatin Zymography ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Indirect Contact ◽  
Clinical Issue

Introduction The development of peritoneal metastases is a significant clinical issue in the treatment of abdominal cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. We have previously shown that ICAM-1-CD43 interaction plays a significant role in tumor adhesion. However, an invasive phenotype is critical to establish tumor progression via cell associated and secreted proteases including matrix metalloproteinases. High metalloproteinases level significantly enhanced metastasis phenotype on tumors, a detrimental effect on surgical outcome. We investigated the role of direct and indirect signaling between the mesothelium and the tumor cells in enhancing tumor invasion and possible therapeutic intervention. Methods Mesothelial cells were enzymatically derived from human omental tissue and implanted in 24 wells plates. Colorectal cancer cells were then introduced and allowed a direct and an indirect contact with the mesothelial layer. Anti-ICAM antibodies, anti-CD43 antibodies, and heparin were used to block MMP production. Gelatin zymography was performed on the supernatant to detect MMPs activity. Results MMP production was observed in mesothelial and tumor cells. Direct contact between cell types enhanced MMP9 and 2 (p < 0.05). Indirect contact also stimulate MMPs but at a lower degree. ICAM-1 blocking antibodies attenuated MMP production in direct contact to that observed in the indirect. Heparin introduction achieved a similar outcome. Conclusions ICAM-1-CD43 interaction plays a vital role in tumor cells-peritoneum adhesion and invasion, which is manifested by the increased production of MMPs leading to tumor invasion and peritoneal loco-regional. Blocking this interaction with heparin can provide a new therapeutic option.

When extended contact opens the door to future contact

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Gómez ◽  
Linda R. Tropp ◽  
Saulo Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Minority Group ◽  
The Self ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Intergroup Anxiety ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Extended Contact ◽  
Group Members

The present research tests whether extended contact can predict positive intergroup expectancies, as well as positive intergroup attitudes, among majority and minority group members. Our results replicate and extend prior work by showing that extended contact predicts both positive intergroup attitudes and intergroup expectancies among both majority (Spanish) and minority (immigrant) participants, even when controlling for direct friendship and the quantity and quality of prior intergroup contact. These effects are partially mediated by intergroup anxiety, perceived ingroup norms, and perceived outgroup norms, and the positive effects of extended contact on intergroup attitudes were also partially mediated by the inclusion of ingroup in the self. Additionally, the mediating role of outgroup norms was stronger among immigrant participants than among Spanish participants. Implications of these findings and the value of extended contact for promoting positive intergroup expectancies and preparing people for future contact are discussed.

scholarly journals Intergroup contact and endorsement of social change motivations: The mediating role of intergroup trust, perspective-taking, and intergroup anxiety among three advantaged groups in Northern Cyprus, Romania, and Israel

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-67
Author(s):  
Huseyin Çakal ◽  
Samer Halabi ◽  
Ana-Maria Cazan ◽  
Anja Eller
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Social Identification ◽  
Intergroup Anxiety ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Northern Cyprus ◽  
Ingroup Identification ◽  
Action Tendencies

Three studies investigated the effect of intergroup contact and social identification on social change among three advantaged groups in Cyprus, Romania, and Israel. In Study 1 ( n = 340, Turkish Cypriots), intergroup contact with disadvantaged immigrant Turks positively predicted endorsement of their social change motivations directly, and via intergroup trust and perspective-taking indirectly. In Study 2 ( n = 200, Romanians), contact with the ethnic minority Hungarians positively predicted endorsement of their social change motivations via intergroup trust, perspective-taking, and intergroup anxiety, while ingroup identification negatively predicted endorsement of Hungarian ethnic minority’s collective action tendencies via perspective-taking and anxiety. In Study 3 ( n = 240, Israeli Jews), intergroup contact positively predicted, while ingroup identification negatively predicted, endorsement of disadvantaged Israeli Palestinian citizens’ social change motivations via perspective-taking, anxiety, and trust. Across three studies, results show that intergroup contact led the advantaged groups to attitudinally support social change motivations of the disadvantaged outgroups through increased trust, perspective-taking, and reduced anxiety, whereas ingroup identification weakened their intention to support social change motivations via perspective-taking and intergroup anxiety in Study 2, and via intergroup trust, perspective-taking, and intergroup anxiety in Study 3.

How Adaptive Selling Behavior Influences Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-89
Author(s):  
Hsiang-Chih Hu ◽  
Shu-Hui Chuang ◽  
Shinyi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Adaptive Selling ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Service Leadership ◽  
Adaptive Selling Behavior ◽  
Sales Behavior

Sales behavior is a key criterion for judging the selling performance of salespeople. This study explores how salespeople use social networking sites (SNSs) to improve their selling performance. Accordingly, the authors examine the mediating role of adaptive selling behavior on SNSs and consider the relation between performance and service leadership. In this study, 422 salespeople are brought in direct contact with customers in Taiwan, and it is found that SNS infusion and service leadership are crucial to salespeople's adaptive selling behavior. The results provide strong evidence for the mediating effect of adaptive selling behavior on the relation between each antecedent and SNS infusion.

scholarly journals Classical and Modern Prejudice toward Asylum Seekers: The Mediating Role of Intergroup Anxiety in a Sample of Italians

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Rocco Servidio
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Intergroup Anxiety ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Intergroup Relationships ◽  
Modern Prejudice ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Threat Theory

(1) Background: Increasing waves of immigration have not only changed the demographic features of European societies but have also had important implications for intergroup relationships. Based on the theoretical model of intergroup threat theory, this study examined whether and to what extent intergroup anxiety mediates the relationship between antecedents and attitudes toward asylum seekers. (2) Method: In a sample of 470 Italians (mean age 30.21), using a survey-based study, we assessed the antecedent of intergroup anxiety (national identification) and its consequences (classical and modern prejudice). (3) Results: The results supported most of the expected predictions. While intergroup anxiety was positively associated with prejudice toward asylum seekers, national identity was positively related to intergroup anxiety and prejudice. Moreover, the relationships between antecedents and consequences were mediated by intergroup anxiety. (4) Conclusion: This study has identified antecedents that can potentially increase or decrease intergroup anxiety and proposes certain strategies for improving social inclusion policies and relationships between asylum seekers and settled communities. The implications for future studies are discussed.

scholarly journals Intergroup Contact, Intergroup Anxiety, and Attitudes towards the Opposing Group in Divided Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-420
Author(s):  
Mimoza Telaku
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Intergroup Anxiety ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Divided Society ◽  
Opposing Group ◽  
Acculturation Attitudes ◽  
Conflict Narratives

The negative attitudes and negative emotions play a key role in maintaining the hostilities between the groups of a divided society. Evidence suggests that intergroup contact can improve or worsen intergroup attitudes. The current study examined the mediating role of intergroup anxiety on quantity of interethnic contact and acculturation attitudes and emotional responses to contradictory conflict narratives in a divided society with a background of armed conflict in the past. The study was conducted among 202 Albanians and 239 Serbs in Kosovo. The results indicate that as more as they meet members of the opposing group the less they feel intergroup anxiety and the more they show acculturation attitudes towards the opposing group among both Albanians and Serbs. However, such mediating role of intergroup anxiety was not found on emotional responses to contradictory conflict narratives, except among Serbs who live in certain enclaves. The findings are discussed in terms of context, reconciliation, and maintenance of frozen conflict.

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