Effects of changes in schematic support and of item repetition on age-related associative memory deficits: Theoretically-driven empirical attempts to reduce older adults’ high false alarm rate.

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hope C. Fine ◽  
Yee Lee Shing ◽  
Moshe Naveh-Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
False Alarm ◽  
False Alarm Rate ◽  
Associative Memory ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Item Repetition ◽  
High False Alarm Rate

Aging and Encoding in Memory: False Alarms and Decision Criteria in a Word-Pair Recognition Task

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Isingrini ◽  
Roger Fontaine ◽  
Laurence Taconnat ◽  
Agnes Duportal
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
False Alarm ◽  
False Alarm Rate ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Memory Strength ◽  
Decision Criteria ◽  
Age Related

Employing a false alarm recognition procedure with learning of highly associated word pairs, an experiment was conducted to examine the hypothesis of an age-related deficit in the distinctiveness of encoding. The evolution of the false alarm rate and of the C decision criteria was observed across three age groups, young adults, older adults, and older-older adults. The results show 1) no age differences on C decision criteria, indicating that the increase in FA with age is not related to a subject compensation strategy but is probably due to a failure in memory strength, and 2) that older respondents produced significantly more false alarms to distractors related to target items than the young respondents did but that they did not differ in their false alarm rate for unrelated distractors. This finding is interpreted as supporting the hypothesis of a failure with age to encode target items in a sufficiently elaborate or distinctive fashion. For the older-older respondents the data showed an increase in all false alarms indexes, suggesting that the encoding deficit gets worse in late adulthood.

Effects of Practice and Instructional Set on the Measurement of Lingual Vibrotactile Thresholds

1983 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Donald Fucci ◽  
Larry H. Small ◽  
Linda Petrosino
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
False Alarm ◽  
False Alarm Rate ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Practice Condition ◽  
Instructional Set ◽  
Vibrotactile Thresholds ◽  
Threshold Data ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High False Alarm Rate

The effects on lingual vibrotactile thresholds of three different instructional sets and three different practice conditions were determined for 30 normal adult subjects. Results showed no measurable differences between thresholds obtained with the use of the three different instructional sets, but a high false alarm rate occurred for all conditions. When a subject was given practice at obtaining thresholds with a particular instructional set as a prerequisite to threshold data collection, false Mama responses disappeared. Lower (more sensitive) thresholds also were achieved when the practice condition used required the subject to provide three thresholds within 1µ of each other before commencing with actual testing.

scholarly journals I know your face but can’t remember your name: Age-related differences in the FNAME-12NL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Enriquez-Geppert ◽  
J F Flores-Vázquez ◽  
M Lietz ◽  
M Garcia-Pimenta ◽  
P Andrés
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Associative Memory ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Abstract Objective The Face-Name Associative Memory test (FNAME) has recently received attention as a test for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. So far, however, there has been no systematic investigation of the effects of aging. Here, we aimed to assess the extent to which the FNAME performance is modulated by normal ageing. Method In a first step, we adapted the FNAME material to the Dutch population. In a second step, younger (n = 29) and older adults (n = 29) were compared on recall and recognition performance. Results Significant age effects on name recall were observed after the first exposure of new face-name pairs: younger adults remembered eight, whereas older adults remembered a mean of four out of twelve names. Although both age groups increased the number of recalled names with repeated face-name exposure, older adults did not catch up with the performance of the younger adults, and the age-effects remained stable. Despite of that, both age groups maintained their performance after a 30-min delay. Considering recognition, no age differences were demonstrated, and both age groups succeeded in the recognition of previously shown faces and names when presented along with distractors. Conclusions This study presents for the first time the results of different age groups regarding cross-modal associative memory performance on the FNAME. The recall age effects support the hypothesis of age-related differences in associative memory. To use the FNAME as an early cognitive biomarker, further subscales are suggested to increase sensitivity and specificity in the clinical context.

Can dryad explain age-related associative memory deficits?

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea C. Smyth ◽  
Moshe Naveh-Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Age Related

The effects of stereotype threat on the associative memory deficit of older adults

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Matthew S. Brubaker
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Associative Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Item Memory ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Associative Deficit ◽  
Negative Effect

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] One of the suggestions made in the literature regarding older adults' episodic memory decline is that it is caused by their reduced ability to bind together components of an episode and retrieve the binding (termed an associative deficit). The purpose of the current research is to assess whether the age-related associative memory deficit is at least partially mediated by stereotype threat, which has been shown to negatively affect performance on a wide variety of cognitive tasks, including memory performance of older adults. To date the effects of stereotype threat on older adults' memory performance have only been shown using tests of item memory, and between subject manipulations. The question assessed in the current research is whether older adults' associative memory will be affected by stereotype threat more than item memory, rendering it one potential factor underlying the associative deficit. To answer this question, three experiments were conducted, which used an item-associative recognition memory paradigm while manipulating stereotype threat both within and between subjects. The first two experiments attempted to establish the baseline effect by directly comparing item and associative memory in younger and older adults under induced stereotype threat, reduced stereotype threat, and no stereotype threat (i.e. control) conditions. While a baseline age-related associative deficit was not shown in the control condition, inducing stereotype threat did have a significant negative effect on older adults' associative memory performance without affecting item memory performance -- suggesting that stereotype threat does increase the age-related associative deficit. The third experiment further assessed the stage of processing -- encoding, retrieval, or both -- during which the effect of stereotype threat on older adults' memory occurs. Results showed that when stereotype threat was induced only at retrieval, memory performance was in line with performance with the reduced stereotype threat and control conditions, suggesting that this effect of stereotype threat occurs primarily during encoding of the information.

Vertical Reversal and Lateral Reversal as Components of Inversion in Recognition Memory for Upside-down Faces

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-390
Author(s):  
Stuart J. McKelvie
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
False Alarm ◽  
False Alarm Rate ◽  
High False Alarm Rate

Subjects viewed upright photographs of faces, then attempted to recognize them unchanged, vertically reversed or inverted. In two of four conditions, hit scores were lower for inverted than vertically reversed faces, suggesting that lateral reversal is a meaningful component of inversion. The effect was not sufficiently strong, however, to overcome a generally high false-alarm rate for upside-down faces.

scholarly journals Integrative and semantic relations equally alleviate age-related associative memory deficits.

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Badham ◽  
Zachary Estes ◽  
Elizabeth A. Maylor
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Age Related
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