Organ donation and departments of motor vehicles: Multiple messages, implementations, and replications.

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 368-379
Author(s):  
Jason T. Siegel ◽  
Danielle R. Blazek ◽  
Maria D. McManus ◽  
Eusebio M. Alvaro ◽  
William D. Crano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Multiple Messages

A Paradigm Shift in the Approach to Families for Organ Donation: Honoring Patients’ Wishes Versus Request for Permission in Patients With Department of Motor Vehicles Donor Designations

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1507-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Britton Christmas ◽  
Eric J. Mallico ◽  
Gary W. Burris ◽  
Tyson A. Bogart ◽  
Harry James Norton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Patients Wishes

Muslim Americans’ Views on Making Organ Donation Decisions in the Department of Motor Vehicles Setting

2021 ◽  
pp. 152692482110460
Author(s):  
Megan Craig ◽  
Michael Quinn ◽  
Milda R. Saunders ◽  
Aasim I. Padela
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Religious Coping ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Muslim Americans ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation ◽  
Negative Religious Coping ◽  
License Renewal ◽  
Us Cities ◽  
Educational Workshop

Introduction: Organ donation-related education is offered, and decisions are made at state Department of Motor Vehicles; however, little is known about Muslim Americans’ attitudes toward these common practices. Research Questions: Are participants comfortable learning about deceased organ donation in the Department of Motor Vehicles setting? Are participants prepared to make deceased organ donation-related decisions at the Department of Motor Vehicles? Design: A survey of Muslim Americans attending an educational workshop at 4 mosques in two US cities. Primary study outcomes were self-reported (a) preparedness to make deceased donation-related decisions and (b) comfort with receiving organ donation education in the license renewal setting. We calculated Pearson product-moment correlations between these primary outcomes and participant characteristics including sociodemographic descriptors, religiosity and religious coping measures, and discrimination measures. Results: Most respondents indicated they were not prepared to make organ donation-related decisions at the Department of Motor Vehicles (79.6%). Preparedness did not vary by age, gender, country of origin or US residency duration, nor by religiosity, negative religious coping, or experiences of discrimination. However, higher scores on positive religious coping were associated with lower ratings of preparedness. A slight majority (58.9%) of respondents were comfortable receiving organ donation education. Conclusions: Muslim Americans are comfortable with learning about organ donation while at the Department of Motor Vehicles but are ill-prepared to make deceased donation-related decisions in the same setting. Further research is required to understand whether changes to the license renewal setting would improve decision-making outcomes in this population.

Evaluating Deceased Donor Registries: Identifying Predictive Factors of Donor Designation

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Hajhosseini ◽  
Bryan Stewart ◽  
Jane C. Tan ◽  
Stephan Busque ◽  
Marc L. Melcher
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
Deceased Donor ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Current Availability ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Application Forms

The objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare the performance of the deceased donor registries of the 50 states and the District of Columbia and to identify possible predictive factors of donor designation. Data were collected retrospectively by Donate Life America using a questionnaire sent to Donor Designation Collaborative state teams between 2007 and 2010. By the end of 2010, there were 94,669,081 designated donors nationwide. This accounted for 39.8 per cent of the U.S. population aged 18 years and over. The number of designated organ donors and registry-authorized recovered donors increased each year; however, the total number of recovered donors in 2010 was the lowest since 2004. Donor designation rate was significantly higher when license applicants were verbally questioned at the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) regarding their willingness to register as a donor and when DMV applicants were not given an option on DMV application forms to contribute money to support organ donation, compared with not being questioned verbally, and being offered an option to contribute money. State registries continue to increase the total number of designated organ donors; however, the current availability of organs remains insufficient to meet the demand. These data suggest that DMV applicants who are approached verbally regarding their willingness to register as a donor and not given an option on DMV application forms to contribute money to support organ donation might be more likely to designate themselves to be a donor.

Effects of Information, Education, and Communication Training about Organ Donation for Gatekeepers: Clerks at the Department of Motor Vehicles and Organ Donor Registries

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler R. Harrison ◽  
Susan E. Morgan ◽  
Mark J. Di Corcia
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
General Public ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
The Public ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
And Behaviors

Context Clerks at the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) serve as gatekeepers in the quest to fill organ donor registries. Most people who join organ donor registries do so through their local driver's license bureau. Objective To improve knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward organ donation among DMV clerks, and to improve strategies for communicating with the public about organ donation, resulting in more people joining DMV-based organ donor registries. Setting DMV offices in 8 counties in a southern state. Participants A general survey of 1504 participants in 8 counties was conducted to assess knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors toward organ donation. All 76 DMV clerks in those counties participated in surveys before and after a training intervention. Interventions DMV clerks received a 1-hour training intervention focused on the nature of the new organ donor registry, information about organ donation, and communication strategies for interacting with the public. Main Outcome Measures Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and behavioral intentions toward organ donation were measured for the general public survey and for DMV clerks. Results Clerks were more knowledgeable about brain death and religious stances on organ donation than the general public, but otherwise both groups shared similar knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and behavioral intentions toward organ donation. Overall the general public and clerks had favorable attitudes toward organ donation but low to moderate knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors and behavioral intentions. Training significantly increased DMV clerks' knowledge, attitude, beliefs, and behavioral intention toward donation. Organ donor registration rates were a mean of 14% higher in counties where clerks were trained than in control counties and were 9% higher than statewide. Conclusions Training DMV clerks is an effective way to increase knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs for gatekeepers of organ donor registries and may increase donor registration rates among the public.

Are There Missed Opportunities to Maximize Organ Donation Registrations? An Examination of Driver’s License Applications Across the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Stevens ◽  
Dmitry Tumin ◽  
Kelly L. Shaffer ◽  
Leonard Bickman ◽  
Kimberly E. Hoagwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Message Framing ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Organ Shortage ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Driver's License

Introduction: With 116 000 people waiting for transplants and 8000 patients dying annually on waiting lists, the United States has a considerable organ shortage. An insufficient number of Americans have registered to become organ donors when obtaining driver’s licenses or ID cards. Across states, there is considerable variability in organ donor registration rates as well as driver’s license applications. Methods: The purpose of this project was to describe the variability in the phrasing of the organ donor registration question by state bureaus of motor vehicles as well as other application questions that might influence this decision. In particular, the frequency of states employing empirically supported messages to increase donor registrations was ascertained. The content and phrasing of 46 different driver’s license applications was coded in regard to seeking organ donor registrations. Findings: No states used the empirically supported strategies of reciprocity, descriptive norms, or loss/gain framing from the interdisciplinary field of behavioral economics. Twelve states used injunctive norms to signify social approval for organ donation. Many state applications had lengthy organ donation sections and health questions that could discourage donor registrations. Discussion: There is an extremely low use of empirically supported messages to increase organ donation registrations in driver’s license applications in the United States. Opportunities exist for thoughtful consideration of the wording of driver’s license applications. States interested in exploring ways to increase donations could undertake controlled variation of applications to test the effects of message framing on registration rates.

Long-term variations in individual particle types in the aerosol of Phoenix, Arizona, as determined using automated electron microprobe analysis and multivariate statistical techniques

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 742-743
Author(s):  
Karen A. Katrinak ◽  
James R. Anderson ◽  
Peter R. Buseck
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Coarse Fraction ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Methods ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Anthropogenic Air Pollutants

Aerosol samples were collected in Phoenix, Arizona on eleven dates between July 1989 and April 1990. Elemental compositions were determined for approximately 1000 particles per sample using an electron microprobe with an energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometer. Fine-fraction samples (particle cut size of 1 to 2 μm) were analyzed for each date; coarse-fraction samples were also analyzed for four of the dates.The data were reduced using multivariate statistical methods. Cluster analysis was first used to define 35 particle types. 81% of all fine-fraction particles and 84% of the coarse-fraction particles were assigned to these types, which include mineral, metal-rich, sulfur-rich, and salt categories. "Zero-count" particles, consisting entirely of elements lighter than Na, constitute an additional category and dominate the fine fraction, reflecting the importance of anthropogenic air pollutants such as those emitted by motor vehicles. Si- and Ca-rich mineral particles dominate the coarse fraction and are also numerous in the fine fraction.

Families Might Override Organ Donation Plans

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (21) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Mary Ellen Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation
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