Modulation of associative priming effects by age and perceptual ability: Empirical findings and a computational model

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Plaut ◽  
James R. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Computational Model ◽  
Associative Priming ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Perceptual Ability

Identity Primes Produce Facilitation in a Colour Naming Task

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 957-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Burt
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Initial Letter ◽  
Frequency Effect ◽  
Associative Priming ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Attentional Effect ◽  
Letter Case ◽  
Identity Priming ◽  
Naming Latencies

Five experiments examined associative or identity priming effects in a colour-naming task with colour-neutral words. In Experiment 1, subjects instructed to read the prime silently showed no associative priming effect but a colour-naming facilitation with identity priming. In Experiment 2, the typical associative priming interference in colour naming was demonstrated in subjects recalling the prime word, but not in subjects reading the prime silently, whereas associative primes facilitated word naming regardless of the prime response requirement. The remaining studies investigated the colour-naming facilitation observed with identity primes. Experiment 3 showed no effects on the facilitation of colour naming from varying the letter case of a silently read prime. Experiment 4 showed facilitation when subjects recalled the prime, and a target frequency effect, with faster colour-naming latencies for high- and medium- than low-frequency targets. In Experiment 5, there was no facilitation for naming the colour of target words paired with non-word primes differing in their initial letter from the target. Taken together, the results suggest that the facilitation of colour naming following identical primes reflects faster target word recognition, whereas the associative priming interference reflects an attentional effect.

scholarly journals Sustained visual priming effects can emerge from attentional oscillation and temporal expectation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzhi Wang ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Huan Luo ◽  
Hang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Computational Model ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Temporal Expectation ◽  
Visual Priming ◽  
Future Events ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Active Preparation

AbstractPriming refers to the influence that a previously encountered object exerts on future responses to similar objects. For many years, visual priming has been known as a facilitation and sometimes an inhibition effect that lasts for an extended period of time. It contrasts with the recent finding of an oscillated priming effect where facilitation and inhibition alternate over time periodically. Here we developed a computational model of visual priming that combines rhythmic sampling of the environment (attentional oscillation) with active preparation for future events (temporal expectation). Counterintuitively, it shows both the sustained and oscillated priming effects can emerge from an interaction between attentional oscillation and temporal expectation. The interaction also leads to novel predictions such as the change of visual priming effects with temporal expectation and attentional oscillation. Reanalysis of two published datasets and the results of two new experiments of visual priming tasks with male and female human participants provide support for the model’s relevance to human behavior. More generally, our model offers a new perspective that may unify the increasing findings of behavioral and neural oscillations with the classic findings in visual perception and attention.Significance StatementThere is increasing behavioral and neural evidence that visual attention is a periodic process that sequentially samples different alternatives in the theta frequency range. It contrasts with the classic findings of sustained facilitatory or inhibitory attention effects. How can an oscillatory perceptual process give rise to sustained attention effects? Here we make this connection by proposing a computational model for a “fruit fly” visual priming task and showing both the sustained and oscillated priming effects can have the same origin: an interaction between rhythmic sampling of the environment and active preparation for future events. One unique contribution of our model is to predict how temporal contexts affects priming. It also opens up the possibility of reinterpreting other attention-related classic phenomena.

Associative Priming Effects in Color Naming

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey H. C. Marmurek ◽  
Jason Telner
Keyword(s):  
Color Naming ◽  
Associative Priming ◽  
Priming Effects

Validity of Eye Movement Methods and Indices for Capturing Semantic (Associative) Priming Effects

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshula Odekar ◽  
Brooke Hallowell ◽  
Hans Kruse ◽  
Danny Moates ◽  
Chao-Yang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Associative Priming ◽  
Priming Effects

scholarly journals Маскований семантичний/ асоціативний та перекладний праймінг у різних мовах

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Ансарін Алі Акбар ◽  
Джаваді Шалал
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Experimental Psychology ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Spreading Activation ◽  
Associative Priming ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Language And Cognition ◽  
Cross Language

Статтю присвячено спробі дослідити двомовний ментальний лексикон. Головне питання дослідження – встановити, чи персько-англійські білінгви можуть досягнути ефекту семантичного / асоціативного або перекладацького праймінгу. Для відповіді на це питання було застосовано масковану праймінгову парадигму як техніку, що відображає автоматичні когнітивні процеси, що тривають під час семантичної обробки, а не стратегічного використання прайму. Із метою вирішення лексичного завдання було сформовано чотири типи цільових пар праймінгу (перекладацькі еквіваленти, семантично подібні, асоціативно та семантично пов’язані пари). Загалом у дослідженні взяло участь 85 персько-англійських білінгвів. Хоча ефекту праймінгу не було виявлено для перших трьох груп, респонденти із семантично пов’язаних пар (найміцніше пов’язаних слів) відповіли приблизно на 29 мс швидше. Результати засвідчили, що білінгви мають спільні уявлення для асоціативних семантично пов’язаних слів. Отже, навчання новим словам другої мови, шляхом поєднання їх із асоціативно пов’язаними словами першої мови, може привести до кращих результатів. Література References Balota, D. A., & Lorch, R. F. (1986). Depth of automatic spreading activation: Mediated priming effects in pronunciation but not in lexical decision. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, Cognition, 12, 336–345. Chiarello, C., Burgess, C., Richards, L., & Pollock, A. (1990). Semantic and associative priming in the cerebral hemispheres: Some words do, some words don’t…Sometimes, some places. Brain and Language, 38, 75–104. Collins, A. M., & Loftus, E. F. (1975). A spreading activation theory of semantic priming. Psychological Review, 82, 407–428. Coltheart, M. (1981). The MRC Psycholinguistic Database. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 33A, 497–505. Costa, A., Colome, A., & Caramazza, A. (2000). Lexical access in speech production: The bilingual case. Psicologica, 21, 403–437. de Groot, A. M. B., & Nas, G. L. (1991). Lexical representation of cognates and non-cognates in compound bilinguals. Journal of Memory and Language, 30, 90–123. Dijkstra, A. F. J., & Van Heuven, W. J. B. (2002). The architecture of the bilingual word recognition system: From identification to decision. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 5(3), 175-197. Duyck, W. (2005). Translation and associative priming with cross-lingual pseudohomophones: Evidence for nonselective phonological activation in bilinguals. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 31, 1340–1359. Fischler, I. (1977). Semantic facilitation without association in a lexical decision task. Memory & Cognition, 5, 335–339. Forster, K. I., & Davis, C. (1984). Repetition priming and frequency attenuation in lexical access. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 10, 680–698. Forster, K. I., & Forster, J. C. (2003). DMDX: A Windows display program with millisecond accuracy. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 35(1), 116–124. Fotovatnia, Z., & Taleb, F. (2012). Masked noncognate priming across Farsi and English. Journal of Teaching Language Skills, 4(1), 25–48. French, R. M., & Jacquet, M. (2004). Understanding bilingual memory. Trends in Cognitive Science, 8, 87–93. Grainger, J., & Frenck-Mestre, C. (1998). Masked priming by translation equivalents in proficient bilinguals. Language and Cognitive Processes, 13(6), 601–623. Jiang, N., & Forster, K. I. (2001). Cross-language priming asymmetries in lexical decision and episodic recognition. Journal of Memory and Language, 44(1), 32–51. Kotz, S. A. (2001). Neurolinguistic evidence for bilingual language representation: A comparison of reaction times and event-related brain potentials. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 4, 143–154. Kroll, J. F., & Stewart, E. (1994). Category interference in translation and picture naming: Evidence for asymmetric connections between bilingual memory representations. Journal of Memory and Language, 33,149–174. Lupker, S. J. (1984). Semantic priming without association: A second look. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 23, 709–733. Perea, M., Duñabeitia, J. A., & Carreiras, M. (2008). Masked associative/semantic priming effects across languages with highly proficient bilinguals. Journal of Memory and Language, 58, 916–930. Perea, M., & Rosa, E. (2002). The effects of associative and semantic priming in the lexical decision task. Psychological Research, 66, 180–194. Samani, R., & Sharifian, F. (1997). Cross-language hierarchical spreading of activation. In Sharifian, F. (ed.), Proceedings of the Conference on Language, Cognition, and Interpretation (pp. 11–23). Isfahan: IAU Press. Sanchez-Casas, R. M., Davis, C. W., & Garcia-Albea, J. E. (1992). Bilingual lexical processing: Exploring the cognate/non-cognate distinction. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology Special Issue: Multilingual Community, 4(4), 293–310. Williams, J. N. (1994). The relationship between word meanings in the first and second language: Evidence for a common, but restricted, semantic code. European Journal of Psychology, 6, 195–220.

Do semantic and associative priming effects show age-related change?

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis P. Tam ◽  
Meredith A. Shafto ◽  
Billi Randall ◽  
Lorraine K. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Associative Priming ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Age Related

Associative priming in a masked perceptual identification task: Evidence for automatic processes

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1157-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Pecher ◽  
René Zeelenberg ◽  
Jeroen G. W. Raaijmakers
Keyword(s):  
Priming Effect ◽  
Perceptual Identification ◽  
Automatic Processes ◽  
Associative Priming ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Strategic Processes ◽  
Presentation Time ◽  
Mediated Priming ◽  
Prime Target

Two experiments investigated the influence of automatic and strategic processes on associative priming effects in a perceptual identification task in which prime-target pairs are briefly presented and masked. In this paradigm, priming is defined as a higher percentage of correctly identified targets for related pairs than for unrelated pairs. In Experiment 1, priming was obtained for mediated word pairs. This mediated priming effect was affected neither by the presence of direct associations nor by the presentation time of the primes, indicating that automatic priming effects play a role in perceptual identification. Experiment 2 showed that the priming effect was not affected by the proportion (.90 vs..10) of related pairs if primes were presented briefly to prevent their identification. However, a large proportion effect was found when primes were presented for 1000 ms so that they were clearly visible. These results indicate that priming in a masked perceptual identification task is the result of automatic processes and is not affected by strategies. The present paradigm provides a valuable alternative to more commonly used tasks such as lexical decision.

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