Supplemental Material for First Comparative Approach to Touchscreen-Based Visual Object–Location Paired-Associates Learning in Humans (Homo sapiens) and a Nonhuman Primate (Microcebus murinus)

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Object Location ◽  
Microcebus Murinus ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Paired Associates

scholarly journals Age affects procedural paired-associates learning in the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Schmidtke
Keyword(s):  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Mouse Lemur ◽  
Microcebus Murinus ◽  
Primate Model ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Paired Associates ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Grey Mouse Lemur

AbstractThe ability to associate memorized objects with their location in space gradually declines during normal aging and can drastically be affected by neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigates object-location paired-associates learning (PAL) in the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus), a nonhuman primate model of brain aging. Touchscreen-based testing of 6 young adults (1–5 years) and 6 old adults (> 7 years) in the procedural rodent dPAL-task revealed significant age-related performance decline, evident in group differences in the percentage of correct decision during learning and the number of sessions needed to reach a predefined criterion. Response pattern analyses suggest decreased susceptibility to relative stimulus-position biases in young animals, facilitating PAL. Additional data from a subset of “overtrained” individuals (n = 7) and challenge sessions using a modified protocol (sPAL) further suggest that learning criteria routinely used in animal studies on PAL can underestimate the endpoint at which a stable performance is reached and that more conservative criteria are needed to improve construct validity of the task. To conclude, this is the first report of an age effect on dPAL and corroborates the role of mouse lemurs as valuable natural nonhuman primate models in aging research.

Author response for "Neurobiological substrates of animal personality and cognition in a nonhuman primate ( Microcebus murinus )"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Grace Fritz ◽  
Elke Zimmermann ◽  
Martin Meier ◽  
Nadine Mestre‐Francés ◽  
Ute Radespiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Animal Personality ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Microcebus Murinus ◽  
Neurobiological Substrates

scholarly journals Sexual attractiveness: a comparative approach of morphological, behavioral neurophysiological signaling in women and nonhuman primate females

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Wallner ◽  
Sonja Windhager ◽  
Helmut Schaschl ◽  
Matthias Nemeth ◽  
Lena S Pflueger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Sex Characteristics ◽  
Sexual Attractiveness ◽  
Multimale Groups ◽  
And Behavior

This comprehensive review focuses on comparative data in nonhuman primates and humans in relation to signaling secondary sex characteristics (SSC), sexual behavior, and neurophysiology of sexuality during the female cycle. Obviously, sexual activities of primates are not limited to specific cycle phases. In higher evolved primate species no distinction can be drawn between sexual interactions as a prerequisite for reproduction or as a pleasurable tool. However, cyclic depended changes of body morphology and behavior, such as feeding, risk taking, mood changes, are documented for both groups. Neurophysiologically, homologous brain areas, sex steroids and receptor compartments are involved in mediating sexual and pleasure during all cycle stages. The interaction between the subcortical reward system and the social brain network and its projection to the prefrontal cortex are of importance. The advertising of SSC indicate analogous strategies between human one male social units and multifemale-multimale groups in nonhuman primates. Women do advertise SSC permanently after the onset of puberty. In contrast, some nonhuman primate species express attractive signals during specific cycle stages and prolong them beyond fertile periods. The physiological and morphological nature of primate SSC and their flexibility of expression in relation to their information content for males will be discussed during different cycle periods for both groups. Because of permanent sexual attractiveness in humans the use of clothes as a specific eye catcher to advertise SSC in relation to biological function will be illustrated. The latter is suggested to be an example of culture-biology adaptation in human sexual behavior.

scholarly journals Identification of Novel Potential Genes Involved in Cancer by Integrated Comparative Analyses

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9560
Author(s):  
Francesco Monticolo ◽  
Emanuela Palomba ◽  
Maria Luisa Chiusano
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Conserved Genes ◽  
Multiple Species

The main hallmarks of cancer diseases are the evasion of programmed cell death, uncontrolled cell division, and the ability to invade adjacent tissues. The explosion of omics technologies offers challenging opportunities to identify molecular agents and processes that may play relevant roles in cancer. They can support comparative investigations, in one or multiple experiments, exploiting evidence from one or multiple species. Here, we analyzed gene expression data from induction of programmed cell death and stress response in Homo sapiens and compared the results with Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene expression during the response to cell death. The aim was to identify conserved candidate genes associated with Homo sapiens cell death, favored by crosslinks based on orthology relationships between the two species. We identified differentially-expressed genes, pathways that are significantly dysregulated across treatments, and characterized genes among those involved in induced cell death. We investigated on co-expression patterns and identified novel genes that were not expected to be associated with death pathways, that have a conserved pattern of expression between the two species. Finally, we analyzed the resulting list by HumanNet and identified new genes predicted to be involved in cancer. The data integration and the comparative approach between distantly-related reference species that were here exploited pave the way to novel discoveries in cancer therapy and also contribute to detect conserved genes potentially involved in programmed cell death.

Conditioning learning in an attentional task relates to age and ventricular expansion in a nonhuman primate (Microcebus murinus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 399 ◽  
pp. 113053
Author(s):  
Jennifer Wittkowski ◽  
Rebecca G. Fritz ◽  
Martin Meier ◽  
Daniel Schmidtke
Keyword(s):  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Microcebus Murinus

scholarly journals Sexual attractiveness: a comparative approach of morphological, behavioral neurophysiological signaling in women and nonhuman primate females

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Wallner ◽  
Sonja Windhager ◽  
Helmut Schaschl ◽  
Matthias Nemeth ◽  
Lena S Pflueger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Sex Characteristics ◽  
Sexual Attractiveness ◽  
Multimale Groups ◽  
And Behavior

This comprehensive review focuses on comparative data in nonhuman primates and humans in relation to signaling secondary sex characteristics (SSC), sexual behavior, and neurophysiology of sexuality during the female cycle. Obviously, sexual activities of primates are not limited to specific cycle phases. In higher evolved primate species no distinction can be drawn between sexual interactions as a prerequisite for reproduction or as a pleasurable tool. However, cyclic depended changes of body morphology and behavior, such as feeding, risk taking, mood changes, are documented for both groups. Neurophysiologically, homologous brain areas, sex steroids and receptor compartments are involved in mediating sexual and pleasure during all cycle stages. The interaction between the subcortical reward system and the social brain network and its projection to the prefrontal cortex are of importance. The advertising of SSC indicate analogous strategies between human one male social units and multifemale-multimale groups in nonhuman primates. Women do advertise SSC permanently after the onset of puberty. In contrast, some nonhuman primate species express attractive signals during specific cycle stages and prolong them beyond fertile periods. The physiological and morphological nature of primate SSC and their flexibility of expression in relation to their information content for males will be discussed during different cycle periods for both groups. Because of permanent sexual attractiveness in humans the use of clothes as a specific eye catcher to advertise SSC in relation to biological function will be illustrated. The latter is suggested to be an example of culture-biology adaptation in human sexual behavior.

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