Why the 2002 Denali fault rupture propagated onto the Totschunda fault: Implications for fault branching and seismic hazards

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (B11) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Schwartz ◽  
Peter J. Haeussler ◽  
Gordon G. Seitz ◽  
Timothy E. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazards ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Denali Fault

Numerical Modeling of Near Fault Seismic Ground Motion for Denali Fault

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Acceleration ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Denali Fault ◽  
Near Fault ◽  
Good Agreement

An effective earthquake (Mw 7.9) struck Alaska on 3 November, 2002. This earthquake ruptured 340 km along Susitna Glacier, Denali and Totschunda faults in central Alaska. The peak ground acceleration (PGA) was recorded about 0.32 g at station PS10, which was located 3 km from the fault rupture. The PGA would have recorded a high value, if more instruments had been installed in the region. A numerical study has been conducted to find out the possible ground motion record that could occur at maximum horizontal slip during the Denali earthquake. The current study overcomes the limitation of number of elements to model the Denali fault. These numerical results are compared with observed ground motions. It is observed that the ground motions obtained through numerical analysis are in good agreement with observed ground motions. From numerical results, it is observed that the possible expected PGA is 0.62 g at maximum horizontal slip of Denali fault.

scholarly journals Geotechnical Reconnaissance of the 2002 Denali Fault, Alaska, Earthquake

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kayen ◽  
Eric Thompson ◽  
Diane Minasian ◽  
Robb E. S. Moss ◽  
Brian D. Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Motion ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Rupture Directivity ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
Alaska Range ◽  
Denali Fault ◽  
Pump Station ◽  
Portable Apparatus

The 2002 M7.9 Denali fault earthquake resulted in 340 km of ruptures along three separate faults, causing widespread liquefaction in the fluvial deposits of the alpine valleys of the Alaska Range and eastern lowlands of the Tanana River. Areas affected by liquefaction are largely confined to Holocene alluvial deposits, man-made embankments, and backfills. Liquefaction damage, sparse surrounding the fault rupture in the western region, was abundant and severe on the eastern rivers: the Robertson, Slana, Tok, Chisana, Nabesna and Tanana Rivers. Synthetic seismograms from a kinematic source model suggest that the eastern region of the rupture zone had elevated strong-motion levels due to rupture directivity, supporting observations of elevated geotechnical damage. We use augered soil samples and shear-wave velocity profiles made with a portable apparatus for the spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW) to characterize soil properties and stiffness at liquefaction sites and three trans-Alaska pipeline pump station accelerometer locations.

Landslides Triggered by the 2002 Denali Fault, Alaska, Earthquake and the Inferred Nature of the Strong Shaking

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall W. Jibson ◽  
Edwin L. Harp ◽  
William Schulz ◽  
David K. Keefer
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Rupture Zone ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Rock Falls ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Denali Fault ◽  
Rock Avalanches ◽  
Landslide Distribution ◽  
Alaska Earthquake

The 2002 M7.9 Denali fault, Alaska, earthquake triggered thousands of landslides, primarily rock falls and rock slides, that ranged in volume from rock falls of a few cubic meters to rock avalanches having volumes as great as 15×106m3. The pattern of landsliding was unusual; the number of slides was less than expected for an earthquake of this magnitude, and the landslides were concentrated in a narrow zone 30-km wide that straddled the fault rupture over its entire 300-km length. The large rock avalanches all clustered along the western third of the rupture zone where acceleration levels and ground-shaking frequencies are thought to have been the highest. Inferences about near-field strong shaking characteristics drawn from the interpretation of the landslide distribution are consistent with results of recent inversion modeling that indicate high-frequency energy generation was greatest in the western part of the fault rupture zone and decreased markedly to the east.

scholarly journals Macrozonation of seismic transient and permanent ground deformation of Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2889-2903
Author(s):  
Saeideh Farahani ◽  
Behrouz Behnam ◽  
Ahmad Tahershamsi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Seismic Hazards ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Collision Zone ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Permanent Ground Deformation ◽  
Ground Displacements

Abstract. Iran is located on the Alpide earthquake belt, in the active collision zone between the Eurasian and Arabian plates. This issue makes Iran a country that suffers from geotechnical seismic hazards associated with frequent destructive earthquakes. Also, according to the rapid growth of population and demands for construction lifelines, risk assessment studies which should be carried out in order to reduce the probable damages are necessary. The most important destructive effects of earthquakes on lifelines are transient and permanent ground displacements. The availability of the map of the displacements caused by liquefaction, landslide, and surface fault rupture can be a useful reference for researchers and engineers who want to carry out a risk assessment project for each specific region of the country. In this study, these precise maps are produced and presented by using a considerable number of GIS-based analyses and by employing the HAZUS methodology. It is important to note that a required accuracy for risk assessment is approximately around the macro scale. So, in order to produce a suitable map for risk assessment goals, in terms of accuracy, the GIS-based analyses are employed to map all of Iran.

scholarly journals Macrozonation of Seismic Transient Ground Displacement and Permanent Ground Deformation of Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeideh Farahani ◽  
Behrouz Behnam ◽  
Ahmad Tahershamsi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Seismic Hazards ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Ground Displacement ◽  
Ground Deformations ◽  
Collision Zone ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Permanent Ground Deformation

Abstract. Iran is located on the Alpide earthquake belt, in the active collision zone between the Eurasian and Arabian plates. This issue makes Iran a country that suffers from geotechnical seismic hazards associated with frequent destructive earthquakes. Also, according to the rapid growth of population and demands for construction lifelines, the risk assessment studies which should be carried out in order to reduce the probable damages is necessary. The most important destructive effects of earthquakes on lifelines are transient ground displacements and permanent ground deformations. The availability of the map of the displacements caused by liquefaction, landslide, and surface fault rupture can be a useful reference for researchers and engineers who want to carry out a risk assessment project for each specific region of the country. In this study, the mentioned precise maps by using a considerable number of GIS-based analyses and by employing HAZUS methodology, are produced and presented. It is important to note that a required accuracy for risk assessment is approximately around the macro scale. So, in order to produce a suitable map for risk assessment goals, in terms of accuracy, the GIS-based analyses are employed to mapping all spread of Iran.

Trans-Alaska Pipeline System Performance in the 2002 Denali Fault, Alaska, Earthquake

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas G. Honegger ◽  
Douglas J. Nyman ◽  
Elden R. Johnson ◽  
Lloyd S. Cluff ◽  
Steve P. Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
Seismic Hazards ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Special Design ◽  
Earthquake Preparedness ◽  
Denali Fault ◽  
Fault Displacement ◽  
Major Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Crossing

The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System is one of the most significant engineering achievements of the 20thcentury and the first major pipeline system for which considerable attention was focused on the identification and quantification of potential seismic hazards and the implementation of design and operational features to address those hazards. One of these special design features included the concept for an above-ground supporting system for the pipeline crossing of the Denali fault. The 2002 M7.9 Denali fault earthquake represents the first successful test of a structure specifically designed for fault displacement. The earthquake also demonstrated the benefits of the multi-tiered earthquake preparedness and response strategy in place at the time of the earthquake.

Strong-Motion Records of the 2002 Denali Fault, Alaska, Earthquake

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artak Martirosyan ◽  
Roger Hansen ◽  
Natalia Ratchkovski
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Denali Fault ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Field Recordings ◽  
Pump Station ◽  
Slip Event ◽  
Major Strike

The MW 7.9 Denali Fault earthquake on 3 November 2002 ruptured a 340-km section along the Susitna Glacier, Denali, and Totschunda faults in central Alaska. The earthquake was digitally recorded at more than 55 strong-motion sites throughout the state at distances up to 280 km from the fault rupture. The site closest to the fault, Trans-Alaska Pipeline Pump Station 10, is located about 3 km north of the surface rupture, where the observed maximum horizontal peak ground acceleration was about 0.35 g. The peak horizontal accelerations observed at the sites closest to the fault rupture were considerably smaller than those yielded by the ground-motion prediction equations. Although the earthquake provided a valuable set of strong-motion data, an important opportunity was missed to capture near-field recordings from such a major strike-slip event. A concerted national effort is needed to prioritize the instrumentation of faults that are likely locations of future great earthquakes.

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