scholarly journals Subpolar Mode Water formation traced by neodymium isotopic composition

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Lacan
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Mode Water ◽  
Water Formation ◽  
Subpolar Mode Water

scholarly journals Origin, formation and variability of the Subpolar Mode Water located over the Reykjanes Ridge

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (C12) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
E. de Boisséson ◽  
V. Thierry ◽  
H. Mercier ◽  
G. Caniaux ◽  
D. Desbruyères
Keyword(s):  
Mode Water ◽  
Reykjanes Ridge ◽  
Subpolar Mode Water

Eddy Modulation of Air–Sea Interaction and Convection

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Cerovečki ◽  
John Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Mode Water ◽  
Ocean Eddies ◽  
Eddy Heat Flux ◽  
Water Formation ◽  
Transformed Eulerian Mean

Abstract Eddy modulation of the air–sea interaction and convection that occurs in the process of mode water formation is analyzed in simulations of a baroclinically unstable wind- and buoyancy-driven jet. The watermass transformation analysis of Walin is used to estimate the formation rate of mode water and to characterize the role of eddies in that process. It is found that diabatic eddy heat flux divergences in the mixed layer are comparable in magnitude, but of opposite sign, to the surface air–sea heat flux and largely cancel the direct effect of buoyancy loss to the atmosphere. The calculations suggest that mode water formation estimates based on climatological air–sea heat flux data and outcrops, which do not fully resolve ocean eddies, may neglect a large opposing term in the heat budget and are thus likely to significantly overestimate true formation rates. In Walin’s watermass transformation framework, this manifests itself as a sensitivity of formation rate estimates to the averaging period over which the outcrops and air–sea fluxes are subjected. The key processes are described in terms of a transformed Eulerian-mean formalism in which eddy-induced mean flow tends to cancel the Eulerian-mean flow, resulting in weaker residual mean flow, subduction, and mode water formation rates.

scholarly journals A recent decline in North Atlantic subtropical mode water formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-341
Author(s):  
Samuel W. Stevens ◽  
Rodney J. Johnson ◽  
Guillaume Maze ◽  
Nicholas R. Bates
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Mode Water ◽  
Subtropical Mode Water ◽  
Water Formation

Ventilation of the North Pacific subtropical pycnocline and mode water formation

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Suga ◽  
Yoshikazu Aoki ◽  
Hiroko Saito ◽  
Kimio Hanawa
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Mode Water ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Formation ◽  
The North Pacific

scholarly journals Local and remote influences on the heat content of Southern Ocean mode water formation regions.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma J. D. Boland ◽  
Daniel C. Jones ◽  
Andrew J. S. Meijers ◽  
Gael Forget ◽  
Simon A. Josey
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Mode Water ◽  
Water Formation

scholarly journals Local and remote influences on the heat content of Southern Ocean mode water formation regions.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Boland ◽  
Dan Jones ◽  
Andrew Meijers ◽  
Simon Josey ◽  
Gael Forget
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Mode Water ◽  
Water Formation

Antarctic Intermediate Water and Subantarctic Mode Water Formation in the Southeast Pacific: The Role of Turbulent Mixing

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1558-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette M. Sloyan ◽  
Lynne D. Talley ◽  
Teresa K. Chereskin ◽  
Rana Fine ◽  
James Holte
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Buoyancy Flux ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Austral Winter ◽  
Mode Water ◽  
Subantarctic Mode Water ◽  
Southeast Pacific ◽  
Water Formation ◽  
Summer Survey

Abstract During the 2005 austral winter (late August–early October) and 2006 austral summer (February–mid-March) two intensive hydrographic surveys of the southeast Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean were completed. In this study the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate ε, diapycnal diffusivity κ, and buoyancy flux Jb are estimated from the CTD/O2 and XCTD profiles for each survey. Enhanced κ of O(10−3 to 10−4 m2 s−1) is found near the Subantarctic Front (SAF) during both surveys. During the winter survey, enhanced κ was also observed north of the “subduction front,” the northern boundary of the winter deep mixed layer north of the SAF. In contrast, the summer survey found enhanced κ across the entire region north of the SAF below the shallow seasonal mixed layer. The enhanced κ below the mixed layer decays rapidly with depth. A number of ocean processes are considered that may provide the energy flux necessary to support the observed diffusivity. The observed buoyancy flux (4.0 × 10−8 m2 s−3) surrounding the SAF during the summer survey is comparable to the mean buoyancy flux (0.57 × 10−8 m2 s−3) associated with the change in the interior stratification between austral summer and autumn, determined from Argo profiles. The authors suggest that reduced ocean stratification during austral summer and autumn, by interior mixing, preconditions the water column for the rapid development of deep mixed layers and efficient Antarctic Intermediate Water and Subantarctic Mode Water formation during austral winter and early spring.

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