Market prices for water in the semiarid West of the United States

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Brookshire ◽  
Bonnie Colby ◽  
Mary Ewers ◽  
Philip T. Ganderton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Market Prices

scholarly journals Evaluation of GA4+7 plus 6-Benzyladenine as a Frost-rescue Treatment for Apple

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven McArtney ◽  
Duane Greene ◽  
Terence Robinson ◽  
James Wargo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parthenocarpic Fruit ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Rescue Treatment ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Stimulation Of

Freeze events during bloom can be a relatively frequent occurrence in many apple (Malus ×domestica) production areas in the United States that significantly reduce orchard productivity and profitability. This study investigated the potential for a proprietary mixture of gibberellin A4 + A7 and 6-benzyladenine (GA4+7 plus 6-BA) to increase fruit set and cropping of apple following freeze events at three locations across the United States during bloom in 2012. GA4+7 plus 6-BA increased fruit set in two of five experiments, and increased fruit number and yield per tree in three of five experiments. GA4+7 plus 6-BA increased fruit set and yield of ‘Taylor Spur Rome’ following freezes on two consecutive days during bloom when the minimum temperature reached 23.9 and 28.4 °F. Fruit set was increased due to a stimulation of parthenocarpic fruit growth. Using locally obtained market prices, GA4+7 plus 6-BA treatments increased the crop value of ‘Taylor Spur Rome’, ‘Ginger Gold’, and ‘Jonagold’ by $3842, $977, and $6218 per acre, respectively. Although GA4+7 plus 6-BA application(s) after a freeze increased fruit set and cropping in some instances, tree yields were well below the average yields previously obtained in the test orchards.

scholarly journals Natural climate solutions for the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. eaat1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Fargione ◽  
Steven Bassett ◽  
Timothy Boucher ◽  
Scott D. Bridgham ◽  
Richard T. Conant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Natural Climate

Limiting climate warming to <2°C requires increased mitigation efforts, including land stewardship, whose potential in the United States is poorly understood. We quantified the potential of natural climate solutions (NCS)—21 conservation, restoration, and improved land management interventions on natural and agricultural lands—to increase carbon storage and avoid greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. We found a maximum potential of 1.2 (0.9 to 1.6) Pg CO2e year−1, the equivalent of 21% of current net annual emissions of the United States. At current carbon market prices (USD 10 per Mg CO2e), 299 Tg CO2e year−1could be achieved. NCS would also provide air and water filtration, flood control, soil health, wildlife habitat, and climate resilience benefits.

scholarly journals Establishing Cucumber Production in Lesser Developed Countries: An Absolute Cost Advantage of Mexico versus Hispaniola Producers

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-472
Author(s):  
Byron L. Frenz ◽  
Jack E. Staub
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Horticultural Products ◽  
Price Risks

During winter months, a substantial volume of various horticultural products are imported to the United States from the Caribbean and Central and South America. United States cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) processors who market fresh-pack and refrigerated products require raw product daily to meet consumer demands. Mexico serves as a single-source supplier to all United States processors during this period, and thus Mexican production represents certain price risks. United States processors would consider other growing regions to reduce these risks if financially attractive alternatives could be identified. Therefore, a project was initiated to acquire information on production and export costs in Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti), and to compare those to Mexican and United States production and transport costs. Experimentation lead to the identification of the critical influences of market prices, costs and conditions for the financial feasibility of establishing a processing cucumber industry on Hispaniola. Comparative evaluation indicated that significant variation in total cost was caused by fluctuations in transport, tariffs, and labor cost components. The causes of variation in transportation costs were distance, method (sea, air, truck), competitive demand (volume), and shipping frequency, consistency, and capacity.

Sawlog prices and quality differences in Canadian and United States Pacific coastal log markets

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 540-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis F. Constantino
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cost Advantage ◽  
Sample Period ◽  
Index Numbers ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

This paper introduces a methodology grounded on economic theory for comparing wood quality between regions. The methodology, which is based on index numbers, is applied to data on volumes and prices of sawlogs traded in the Canadian and United States Pacific Coastal Log Markets from 1957 through 1982. The quality of sawlogs traded was found to be higher on average in the United States than in Canada, but the U.S. advantage declined over time. The measure of wood quality is then used to adjust average log market prices for quality differences. Contrary to U.S. claims, the U.S. industry enjoyed a wood cost advantage during most of the sample period. The lower price of wood in Canada could be explained by its lower quality.

scholarly journals Chemicals and energy from biomass

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 960-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian A Lucia ◽  
Dimitris S Argyropoulos ◽  
Lambrini Adamopoulos ◽  
Armindo R Gaspar
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
The Cost

Approximately 89 million metric tonnes of organic chemicals and lubricants are produced annually in the United States (T.M. Carole, J. Pellegrino, and M.D. Paster. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 115, 871 (2004)). The majority of these materials are fossil fuel based and may load the environment during use and at the end of their life cycle. Issues, such as disposal, pollution, and degradation, must be considered and weighed. As a result, the need to decrease pollution caused by petrochemical usage is currently impelling the development of green technologies. It is virtually inarguable that the dwindling hydrocarbon economy will eventually become unsustainable. The cost of crude oil continues to increase, while agricultural products see dramatic decreases in world market prices. These trends provide sufficient basis for renewed interest in the use of biomass as a feedstock and for the development of a carbohydrate-based economy as the logical alternative to fossil fuel resources.Key words: biomass, biochemicals, natural products, bioenergy.

Correlative microscopy in distrubuted (client/server) computing environments: tools for catalyzing the rapid dissemination of information about the cell biology of the human prostate

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
A. Hakam ◽  
J.T. Gau ◽  
M.L. Grove ◽  
B.A. Evans ◽  
M. Shuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Tissue Bank ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prostate Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Correlative Microscopy ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Transplant Organ

Prostate adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of men in the United States and is the third leading cause of death in men. Despite attempts at early detection, there will be 244,000 new cases and 44,000 deaths from the disease in the United States in 1995. Therapeutic progress against this disease is hindered by an incomplete understanding of prostate epithelial cell biology, the availability of human tissues for in vitro experimentation, slow dissemination of information between prostate cancer research teams and the increasing pressure to “ stretch” research dollars at the same time staff reductions are occurring.To meet these challenges, we have used the correlative microscopy (CM) and client/server (C/S) computing to increase productivity while decreasing costs. Critical elements of our program are as follows:1) Establishing the Western Pennsylvania Genitourinary (GU) Tissue Bank which includes >100 prostates from patients with prostate adenocarcinoma as well as >20 normal prostates from transplant organ donors.

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