scholarly journals Establishing Cucumber Production in Lesser Developed Countries: An Absolute Cost Advantage of Mexico versus Hispaniola Producers

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-472
Author(s):  
Byron L. Frenz ◽  
Jack E. Staub
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Horticultural Products ◽  
Price Risks

During winter months, a substantial volume of various horticultural products are imported to the United States from the Caribbean and Central and South America. United States cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) processors who market fresh-pack and refrigerated products require raw product daily to meet consumer demands. Mexico serves as a single-source supplier to all United States processors during this period, and thus Mexican production represents certain price risks. United States processors would consider other growing regions to reduce these risks if financially attractive alternatives could be identified. Therefore, a project was initiated to acquire information on production and export costs in Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti), and to compare those to Mexican and United States production and transport costs. Experimentation lead to the identification of the critical influences of market prices, costs and conditions for the financial feasibility of establishing a processing cucumber industry on Hispaniola. Comparative evaluation indicated that significant variation in total cost was caused by fluctuations in transport, tariffs, and labor cost components. The causes of variation in transportation costs were distance, method (sea, air, truck), competitive demand (volume), and shipping frequency, consistency, and capacity.

Estimating the Financial Incentive for Caribbean Teachers to Migrate: An Analysis of Salary Differentials using Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-47
Author(s):  
Gavin George ◽  
Bruce Rhodes ◽  
Christine Laptiste
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Financial Incentive ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
The Caribbean

The teaching stock within the Caribbean region has been eroded by migration to developed countries. Higher potential earnings are one of the motivating factors to move abroad, but little is known about the extent of the income disparity between countries in the Caribbean and popular destination countries. Teacher salary comparisons are undertaken between selected countries in the Caribbean; Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, St. Lucia, and Jamaica and popular destination countries, namely; United Kingdom, United States, and Canada using a purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rate. Results show that newly qualified teachers can earn substantially more abroad, with Canada paying over twice the PPP adjusted salary compared to that offered in Jamaica (133.1%) and Suriname (110.6%). The United States offers the highest earning increases for mid- and late career teachers at over three times that offered in Jamaica (214.5%) and Suriname (223.4%). Canada is a close second across all Caribbean countries, whilst the United Kingdom offers the smallest salary differentials at 153.6% for Jamaica and 64.8% for St. Lucia. The study further reveals that there are salary disparities within the Caribbean, which may be a motivating factor for intra-regional migration.

The Washington Consensus, liberal ideas and terms of the military-technological policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2103-2123
Author(s):  
V.L. Gladyshevskii ◽  
E.V. Gorgola ◽  
D.V. Khudyakov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
The Military

Subject. In the twentieth century, the most developed countries formed a permanent military economy represented by military-industrial complexes, which began to perform almost a system-forming role in national economies, acting as the basis for ensuring national security, and being an independent military and political force. The United States is pursuing a pronounced militaristic policy, has almost begun to unleash a new "cold war" against Russia and to unwind the arms race, on the one hand, trying to exhaust the enemy's economy, on the other hand, to reindustrialize its own economy, relying on the military-industrial complex. Objectives. We examine the evolution, main features and operational distinctions of the military-industrial complex of the United States and that of the Russian Federation, revealing sources of their military-technological and military-economic advancement in comparison with other countries. Methods. The study uses military-economic analysis, scientific and methodological apparatus of modern institutionalism. Results. Regulating the national economy and constant monitoring of budget financing contribute to the rise of military production, especially in the context of austerity and crisis phenomena, which, in particular, justifies the irrelevance of institutionalists' conclusions about increasing transaction costs and intensifying centralization in the industrial production management with respect to to the military-industrial complex. Conclusions. Proving to be much more efficient, the domestic military-industrial complex, without having such access to finance as the U.S. military monopolies, should certainly evolve and progress, strengthening the coordination, manageability, planning, maximum cost reduction, increasing labor productivity, and implementing an internal quality system with the active involvement of the State and its resources.

Revolution and Intervention in Grenada: The New Jewel Movement, the United States, and the Caribbean.

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 734
Author(s):  
Richard Hart ◽  
Kai P. Schoenhals ◽  
Richard A. Melanson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Caribbean

scholarly journals The United States and the Caribbean

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-412
Author(s):  
Franklin W. Knight
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Caribbean
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