The seasonal cycle of meridional heat transport at 24°N in the North Pacific and in the global ocean

2002 ◽  
Vol 107 (C7) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transport ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Meridional Heat Transport ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

The Role of Oscillating Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds: Global Ocean Circulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 2111-2130
Author(s):  
Woo Geun Cheon ◽  
Jong-Seong Kug
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
Westerly Winds ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Global Ocean Circulation ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
The North Pacific

AbstractIn the framework of a sea ice–ocean general circulation model coupled to an energy balance atmospheric model, an intensity oscillation of Southern Hemisphere (SH) westerly winds affects the global ocean circulation via not only the buoyancy-driven teleconnection (BDT) mode but also the Ekman-driven teleconnection (EDT) mode. The BDT mode is activated by the SH air–sea ice–ocean interactions such as polynyas and oceanic convection. The ensuing variation in the Antarctic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) that is indicative of the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) formation exerts a significant influence on the abyssal circulation of the globe, particularly the Pacific. This controls the bipolar seesaw balance between deep and bottom waters at the equator. The EDT mode controlled by northward Ekman transport under the oscillating SH westerly winds generates a signal that propagates northward along the upper ocean and passes through the equator. The variation in the western boundary current (WBC) is much stronger in the North Atlantic than in the North Pacific, which appears to be associated with the relatively strong and persistent Mindanao Current (i.e., the southward flowing WBC of the North Pacific tropical gyre). The North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) formation is controlled by salt advected northward by the North Atlantic WBC.

The Joint Global Ocean Flux Study in the North Pacific

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (24-25) ◽  
pp. 5297-5301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiro Saino ◽  
Alexander Bychkov ◽  
Chen-Tung Arthur Chen ◽  
Paul J Harrison
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

scholarly journals Quantifying the influence of CO<sub>2</sub> seasonality on future ocean acidification

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 5907-5940
Author(s):  
T. P. Sasse ◽  
B. I. McNeil ◽  
R. J. Matear ◽  
A. Lenton
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
The North ◽  
Data Limitations ◽  
The Future ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract. Ocean acidification is a predictable consequence of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), and is highly likely to impact the entire marine ecosystem – from plankton at the base to fish at the top. Factors which are expected to be impacted include reproductive health, organism growth and species composition and distribution. Predicting when critical threshold values will be reached is crucial for projecting the future health of marine ecosystems and for marine resources planning and management. The impacts of ocean acidification will be first felt at the seasonal scale, however our understanding how seasonal variability will influence rates of future ocean acidification remains poorly constrained due to current model and data limitations. To address this issue, we first quantified the seasonal cycle of aragonite saturation state utilizing new data-based estimates of global ocean surface dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity. This seasonality was then combined with earth system model projections under different emissions scenarios (RCPs 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5) to provide new insights into future aragonite under-saturation onset. Under a high emissions scenario (RCP 8.5), our results suggest accounting for seasonality will bring forward the initial onset of month-long under-saturation by 17 years compared to annual-mean estimates, with differences extending up to 35 ± 17 years in the North Pacific due to strong regional seasonality. Our results also show large-scale under-saturation once atmospheric CO2 reaches 486 ppm in the North Pacific and 511 ppm in the Southern Ocean independent of emission scenario. Our results suggest that accounting for seasonality is critical to projecting the future impacts of ocean acidification on the marine environment.

scholarly journals The global ocean circulation on a retrograde rotating earth

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kamphuis ◽  
S. E. Huisman ◽  
H. A. Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Freshwater Flux ◽  
Deep Water Formation ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Formation ◽  
Global Ocean Circulation ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract. To understand the three-dimensional ocean circulation patterns that have occurred in past continental geometries, it is crucial to study the role of the present-day continental geometry and surface (wind stress and buoyancy) forcing on the present-day global ocean circulation. This circulation, often referred to as the Conveyor state, is characterised by an Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) with a deep water formation at northern latitudes and the absence of such a deep water formation in the North Pacific. This MOC asymmetry is often attributed to the difference in surface freshwater flux: the Atlantic as a whole is a basin with net evaporation, while the Pacific receives net precipitation. This issue is revisited in this paper by considering the global ocean circulation on a retrograde rotating earth, computing an equilibrium state of the coupled atmosphere-ocean-land surface-sea ice model CCSM3. The Atlantic-Pacific asymmetry in surface freshwater flux is indeed reversed, but the ocean circulation pattern is not an Inverse Conveyor state (with deep water formation in the North Pacific) as there is relatively weak but intermittently strong deep water formation in the North Atlantic. Using a fully-implicit, global ocean-only model the stability properties of the Atlantic MOC on a retrograde rotating earth are also investigated, showing a similar regime of multiple equilibria as in the present-day case. These results indicate that the present-day asymmetry in surface freshwater flux is not the most important factor setting the Atlantic-Pacific salinity difference and, thereby, the asymmetry in the global MOC.

scholarly journals Effects of the 18.6-yr Modulation of Tidal Mixing on the North Pacific Bidecadal Climate Variability in a Coupled Climate Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 7625-7642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Tanaka ◽  
Ichiro Yasuda ◽  
Hiroyasu Hasumi ◽  
Hiroaki Tatebe ◽  
Satoshi Osafune
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Tidal Mixing ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Coupled Climate Model ◽  
Orbital Inclination ◽  
The North ◽  
Sst Anomaly ◽  
The North Pacific

Diapycnal mixing induced by tide–topography interaction, one of the essential factors maintaining the global ocean circulation and hence the global climate, is modulated by the 18.6-yr period oscillation of the lunar orbital inclination, and has therefore been hypothesized to influence bidecadal climate variability. In this study, the spatial distribution of diapycnal diffusivity together with its 18.6-yr oscillation estimated from a global tide model is incorporated into a state-of-the-art numerical coupled climate model to investigate its effects on climate variability over the North Pacific and to understand the underlying physical mechanism. It is shown that a significant sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly with a period of 18.6 years appears in the Kuroshio–Oyashio Extension region; a positive (negative) SST anomaly tends to occur during strong (weak) tidal mixing. This is first induced by anomalous horizontal circulation localized around the Kuril Straits, where enhanced modulation of tidal mixing exists, and then amplified through a positive feedback due to midlatitude air–sea interactions. The resulting SST and sea level pressure variability patterns are reminiscent of those associated with one of the most prominent modes of climate variability in the North Pacific known as the Pacific decadal oscillation, suggesting the potential for improving climate predictability by taking into account the 18.6-yr modulation of tidal mixing.

scholarly journals Role of North Pacific Mixed Layer in the Response of SST Annual Cycle to Global Warming

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (23) ◽  
pp. 9451-9458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changlin Chen ◽  
Guihua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
Mixed Layer Depth ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract The annual cycle of sea surface temperature (SST) in the North Pacific Ocean is examined in terms of its response to global warming based on climate model simulations from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). As the global ocean warms up, the SST in the North Pacific generally tends to increase and the warming is greater in summer than in winter, leading to a significant intensification of SST annual cycle. The mixed layer temperature equation is used to examine the mechanism of this intensification. Results show that the decrease of mixed layer depth (MLD) in summer is the main reason behind the intensification of SST annual cycle. Because the MLD in summer is much shallower than that in winter, the incoming net heat flux is trapped in a thinner surface layer in summer, causing a warmer summer SST and the amplification of SST annual cycle. The change of the SST annual cycle in the North Pacific may have profound ecological impacts.

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