Structural and Functional Changes in Human Insulin Induced by the Lipid Peroxidation Byproducts 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal and 4-Hydroxy-2-hexenal

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas J. Pillon ◽  
Roxane E. Vella ◽  
Laurent Soulère ◽  
Michel Becchi ◽  
Michel Lagarde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Human Insulin ◽  
Functional Changes

scholarly journals Maternal Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Alters Lipid Peroxidation Products and (n-3)/(n-6) Fatty Acid Balance in Offspring Mice

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Runting Li ◽  
Taeseon Woo ◽  
Jimmy Browning ◽  
Hailong Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Brain Functions

The abundance of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the mammalian brain has generated substantial interest in the search for its roles in regulating brain functions. Our recent study with a gene/stress mouse model provided evidence to support the ability for the maternal supplement of DHA to alleviate autism-associated behavior in the offspring. DHA and arachidonic acid (ARA) are substrates of enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions, and lipid peroxidation results in the production of 4-hydroxyhexenal (4-HHE) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), respectively. In this study, we examine whether a maternal DHA-supplemented diet alters fatty acids (FAs), as well as lipid peroxidation products in the pup brain, heart and plasma by a targeted metabolite approach. Pups in the maternal DHA-supplemented diet group showed an increase in DHA and a concomitant decrease in ARA in all brain regions examined. However, significant increases in 4-HHE, and not 4-HNE, were found mainly in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Analysis of heart and plasma showed large increases in DHA and 4-HHE, but a significant decrease in 4-HNE levels only in plasma. Taken together, the DHA-supplemented maternal diet alters the (n-3)/(n-6) FA ratio, and increases 4-HHE levels in pup brain, heart and plasma. These effects may contribute to the beneficial effects of DHA on neurodevelopment, as well as functional changes in other body organs.

Structural and functional changes in human insulin induced by methylglyoxal

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1555-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuming Jia ◽  
Douglas J. H. Olson ◽  
Andrew R. S. Ross ◽  
Lingyun Wu ◽  
Xuming Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Insulin ◽  
Functional Changes

scholarly journals Lipid peroxidation system-antioxidant protection and the role of its disorders in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and angiopathies

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
A. I. Lyajfer ◽  
M. N. Solun
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Angiopathies ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Peroxidation Processes

The urgency of the problem of diabetic angiopathies is highlighted by the fact that among patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus under the age of 20 years mortality rate is 7 times higher than the average mortality among the General population, and after reaching 20 years, the average annual risk of mortality is 20 times higher than the total population. Recently, in the study of many pathological conditions, considerable attention has been paid to structurally functional changes in cell membranes. The severity and duration of membrane-damaging processes in the body determine the clinical severity and features of the course of many diseases. Membrane destruction as a pathological phenomenon is primarily due to the involvement of cell membrane lipids in lipid peroxidation processes, which leads to a change in lipid-protein bonds, the strength of the complex of enzymes and other membrane macromolecules, damage to nucleic acids, and impaired cellular metabolism.

scholarly journals Experimental assessment of the influence of dust from cities of the Karaganda region on the indicators of lipid peroxidation in bronchoalveolar lavage

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Kundyz Amangeldievna Nurlybaeva ◽  
◽  
Aidar Muratovich Aitkulov ◽  
Gulmyra Mengalievna Tykezhanova ◽  
Gulnar Zhanatovna Mukasheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cytological Analysis ◽  
Urban Dust ◽  
Experimental Assessment ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Industrial Cities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Karaganda Region

The article discusses the changes in the cell after the experiment in the bronchoalveolar lavage. According to the results of the examination of rats with dust dusting of industrial cities of the Karaganda region (Karaganda, Temirtau, Balkhash, Zhezkazgan), methods of cytological analysis were used. Cytochemical methods were used for early detection of functional changes in the body's nonspecific defense against environmental factors. Experimental studies of the impact of urban dust in Karaganda, Temirtau, Balkhash and Zhezkazgan indicate the development of a general toxic effect in rats, manifested by changes in the cells of bronchoalveolar lavage, and a violation of the integrity of the cells was established.

Eclipta alba ameliorates carbon tetrachloride-induced structural and functional changes in liver of mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Monali R. Patel ◽  
Ramtej J. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Eclipta Alba ◽  
Dose Dependent

The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the ameliorative effect of Eclipta alba extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)–induced structural and functional changes in livers of mice. Healthy adult Swiss strain female albino mice were orally administered with CCl4 (826 mg/kg body weight/day, p.o.) alone and along with Eclipta alba extract (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight/day, p.o.) for 30 days. The degree of protection was determined by measuring histopathological changes and lipid peroxidation in liver as well as activities of ALT, AST, ACP, ALP, LDH, γ-GT enzymes and bilirubin contents in serum of mice. The histopathological studies revealed severe necrosis, fatty infiltration, lymphocytic infiltration and fibrosis in liver of CCl4 treated mice. In addition, biochemical studies revealed a significant increase in lipid peroxidation. The enzymes activities as well as bilirubin contents in serum were significantly (p<0.05) increased in CCl4 only treated mice when compared with the control group. However, co-treatment of CCl4 along with Eclipta alba extract showed significant reductions in activities of enzymes and bilirubin content as compared with CCl4 alone treated mice. The effects were dose-dependent (r = 0.9826 to 1). Carbon tetrachloride induced lipid peroxidation was significantly (p<0.05) ameliorated in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathological changes were also ameliorated on treatment with Eclipta alba extract. The ameliorative effects of Eclipta alba on CCl4–induced hepatotoxicity could be due to its antioxidative property. The extract was found to be safe as evidenced by their high LD50.

Chemical and functional changes of human insulin by in vitro incubation with blood from diabetic patients in oxidative stress

Metabolism ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 935-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Montes-Cortes ◽  
Juan J. Hicks ◽  
Guillermo M. Ceballos-Reyes ◽  
Jose R. Garcia-Sanchez ◽  
Rafael Medina-Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Human Insulin ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
In Vitro Incubation

scholarly journals Site-specific covalent modifications of human insulin by catechol estrogens: Reactivity and induced structural and functional changes

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chun Ku ◽  
Chieh-Ming Fang ◽  
Juei-Tang Cheng ◽  
Huei-Chen Liang ◽  
Tzu-Fan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Insulin ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Catechol Estrogens ◽  
Covalent Modifications

scholarly journals Alterations in the Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in the Neurodevelopmental Rat Model of Schizophrenia Induced by Glutathione Deficiency during Early Postnatal Life

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Magdalena Górny ◽  
Anna Bilska-Wilkosz ◽  
Małgorzata Iciek ◽  
Marta Hereta ◽  
Kinga Kamińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Gbr 12909 ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Early Postnatal Development ◽  
Functional Changes

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of l-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO), a glutathione (GSH) synthesis inhibitor, and GBR 12909, a dopamine reuptake inhibitor, administered alone or in combination to Sprague-Dawley rats during early postnatal development (p5–p16), on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LP) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione disulfide reductase (GR) in peripheral tissues (liver, kidney) and selected brain structures (prefrontal cortex, PFC; hippocampus, HIP; and striatum, STR) of 16-day-old rats. The studied parameters were analyzed with reference to the content of GSH and sulfur amino acids, methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys) described in our previous study. This analysis showed that treatment with a BSO + GBR 12909 combination caused significant decreases in the lipid peroxidation levels in the PFC and HIP, in spite of there being no changes in ROS. The reduction of lipid peroxidation indicates a weakening of the oxidative power of the cells, and a shift in balance in favor of reducing processes. Such changes in cellular redox signaling in the PFC and HIP during early postnatal development may result in functional changes in adulthood.

scholarly journals GONADOPROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF ANTIOXIDANT COMPLEX IN CONDITIONS CAUSED BY TOXIC EFFECTS OF HERBICIDES

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
N.V. Moisieieva ◽  
A.A. Kapustianska ◽  
O.H. Shumeiko
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
General Mechanism ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Spermatogenic Epithelium ◽  
Free Radical Lipid

Nowadays, when the nation’s temporary economic difficulties have led to a decline in the agriculture share of the overall economy, the problem of controlling weeds of agricultural land is especially urgent. Undoubtedly, in our country, with the strengthening of the economy, the use of plant protection products is growing, requiring even closer attention to the problem of the environmental impact of herbicides and the rehabilitation of soils contaminated with residues of poisonous chemicals. The general mechanism of the action affecting herbicides of different groups is the violation of redox processes, and, in particular, the increase in free radical lipid peroxidation, first of all, in gonadal cell membranes that can eventually lead to the destruction throughout the reproductive period. Moreover, they produce gonadotoxic effects leading to a decrease in steroidogenesis, and as a consequence, to impaired spermatogenesis. The aim of the study was to investigate the gonadoprotective properties of the antioxidant complex, its effect on the parameters of lipid peroxidation, morphological and functional changes in the testes of rats exposed to the toxic effect of the clopyralid herbicide. The introduction of this complex under the conditions mentioned above contributed not only to a significant decrease in free radical lipid perozidation in the blood and tissues of the testes, but also to normalization of the state of spermatogenic epithelium, quantitative sperm indicators, normalization of sperm motility. It has been proven the complex of antioxidants not only affects the level of spermatogenic epithelium, but also improves the quality of sperm, contributing to the restoration of sperm motility. The studies of morphological changes in the testes and the functional maturation of the sperm have shown that the most significant changes were registered during the correction with the antioxidant complex, emphasizing its more pronounced gonadoprotective effect. The results obtained indicate the feasibility of using this antioxidant complex as gonadoprotectant in cases of chronic intoxication with herbicides.

Morphological Changes in the Rat Granulosa Cell Surface During Differentiation Induced by Estradiol and Gonadotropins

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 484-485
Author(s):  
P. Bagavandoss ◽  
JoAnne S. Richards ◽  
A. Rees Midgley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

During follicular development in the mammalian ovary, several functional changes occur in the granulosa cells in response to steroid hormones and gonadotropins (1,2). In particular, marked changes in the content of membrane-associated receptors for the gonadotropins have been observed (1).We report here scanning electron microscope observations of morphological changes that occur on the granulosa cell surface in response to the administration of estradiol, human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).Immature female rats that were hypophysectcmized on day 24 of age were treated in the following manner. Group 1: control groups were injected once a day with 0.1 ml phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for 3 days; group 2: estradiol (1.5 mg/0.2 ml propylene glycol) once a day for 3 days; group 3: estradiol for 3 days followed by 2 days of hFSH (1 μg/0.1 ml) twice daily, group 4: same as in group 3; group 5: same as in group 3 with a final injection of hCG (5 IU/0.1 ml) on the fifth day.

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