Engineering Cortical Neuron Polarity with Nanomagnets on a Chip

ACS Nano ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 3664-3676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Kunze ◽  
Peter Tseng ◽  
Chanya Godzich ◽  
Coleman Murray ◽  
Anna Caputo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neuron ◽  
Neuron Polarity

scholarly journals RanBP1 Couples Nuclear Export and Golgi Regulation through LKB1 to Promote Cortical Neuron Polarity

Cell Reports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2529-2539.e4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Mencarelli ◽  
Justyna Nitarska ◽  
Tim Kroecher ◽  
Francesco Ferraro ◽  
Katherine Massey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neuron ◽  
Nuclear Export ◽  
Neuron Polarity

GABAergic Cortical Neuron Chromatin as a Putative Target to Treat Schizophrenia Vulnerability

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erminio Costa ◽  
Dennis R. Grayson ◽  
Colin P. Mitchell ◽  
Lucio Tremolizzo ◽  
Marin Veldic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neuron ◽  
Putative Target

Nrf2 mediates the neuroprotective effect of isoflurane preconditioning in cortical neuron injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712198941
Author(s):  
X-S Liu ◽  
X-L Bai ◽  
Z-X Wang ◽  
S-Y Xu ◽  
Y Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cortical Neuron ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Oxygen Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Primary Mouse ◽  
Ldh Release ◽  
Neuron Injury ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Objective: To investigate how nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) involved in the protective effect of isoflurane (Iso) preconditioning in oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced cortical neuron injury. Methods: Primary mouse cortical neurons were divided into Control, ML385 (an Nrf2 inhibitor), Iso, Iso + ML385, OGD, ML385 + OGD, Iso + OGD, and Iso + ML385 + OGD groups. Lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) release and oxidative stress indexes were quantified. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to detect cell viability, Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) staining to measure cell apoptosis, dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) method to test reactive oxygen species (ROS), and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting to evaluate genes and protein expression. Results: Iso preconditioning reduced LDH release and inhibited cell cytotoxicity in OGD-induced cortical neurons, which was abolished by ML385. Iso preconditioning increased the Nrf2 nuclear translocation in cortical neurons. Meanwhile, Iso decreased the OGD-induced apoptosis with the down-regulations of Bax and Caspase-3 and the up-regulation of Bcl-2, which was reversed by ML385. OGD enhanced the level of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) in cortical neurons, but reduced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), which were aggravated in ML385 + OGD group and mitigated in Iso + OGD group. No observable difference was found between OGD group and Iso + ML385 + OGD group regarding apoptosis-related proteins and oxidative stress-related indexes. Conclusion: Iso preconditioning up-regulated Nrf2 level to play its protective role in OGD-induced mouse cortical neuron injury.

Spike-Timing-Dependent Hebbian Plasticity as Temporal Difference Learning

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2221-2237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh P. N. Rao ◽  
Terrence J. Sejnowski
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neuron ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Learning Rule ◽  
Spike Timing ◽  
Biophysical Model ◽  
Excitatory Synapses ◽  
Temporal Difference ◽  
Temporal Difference Learning ◽  
Neocortical Neurons ◽  
Hebbian Plasticity

A spike-timing-dependent Hebbian mechanism governs the plasticity of recurrent excitatory synapses in the neocortex: synapses that are activated a few milliseconds before a postsynaptic spike are potentiated, while those that are activated a few milliseconds after are depressed. We show that such a mechanism can implement a form of temporal difference learning for prediction of input sequences. Using a biophysical model of a cortical neuron, we show that a temporal difference rule used in conjunction with dendritic backpropagating action potentials reproduces the temporally asymmetric window of Hebbian plasticity observed physiologically. Furthermore, the size and shape of the window vary with the distance of the synapse from the soma. Using a simple example, we show how a spike-timing-based temporal difference learning rule can allow a network of neocortical neurons to predict an input a few milliseconds before the input's expected arrival.

scholarly journals C3G regulates cortical neuron migration, preplate splitting and radial glial cell attachment

Development ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 135 (12) ◽  
pp. 2139-2149 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Voss ◽  
J. M. Britto ◽  
M. P. Dixon ◽  
B. N. Sheikh ◽  
C. Collin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neuron ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Radial Glial Cell ◽  
Neuron Migration ◽  
Radial Glial

scholarly journals An antagonistic interaction between PlexinB2 and Rnd3 controls RhoA activity and cortical neuron migration

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Azzarelli ◽  
Emilie Pacary ◽  
Ritu Garg ◽  
Patricia Garcez ◽  
Debbie van den Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neuron ◽  
Neuron Migration ◽  
Rhoa Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Interaction
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