Three-Fold Metal-Free Efficient (“Click”) Reactions onto a Multifunctional Poly(2-oxazoline) Designer Scaffold

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (16) ◽  
pp. 6424-6432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Kempe ◽  
Richard Hoogenboom ◽  
Michael Jaeger ◽  
Ulrich S. Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Click Reactions ◽  
Metal Free

External electric field control: driving the reactivity of metal-free azide–alkyne click reactions

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (33) ◽  
pp. 22482-22486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalishankar Bhattacharyya ◽  
Sharmistha Karmakar ◽  
Ayan Datta
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
External Electric Field ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Click Reactions ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Field Control

An external electric field is demonstrated as an efficient catalyst to accelerate click reactions.

scholarly journals Fucosylated ubiquitin and orthogonally glycosylated mutant A28C: conceptually new ligands for Burkholderia ambifaria lectin (BambL)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (47) ◽  
pp. 12662-12670
Author(s):  
Sakonwan Kuhaudomlarp ◽  
Linda Cerofolini ◽  
Sabrina Santarsia ◽  
Emilie Gillon ◽  
Silvia Fallarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Scaffolds ◽  
Click Reactions ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Burkholderia Ambifaria

Metal free click reactions used to glycosylate ubiquitin and its mutant A28C afforded two protein scaffolds with high affinity for Burkholderia ambifaria lectin (BambL).

(Z)-Selective anti-Markovnikov or Markovnikov thiol–yne-click reactions of an internal alkyne by amide hydrogen bond control

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (20) ◽  
pp. 2991-2994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Pramanik ◽  
Khokan Choudhuri ◽  
Subhayan Chakraborty ◽  
Arindam Ghosh ◽  
Prasenjit Mal
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Amide Hydrogen ◽  
Click Reactions ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding Interactions ◽  
Internal Alkyne

Hydrogen bonding interactions like N–H⋯S, N–H⋯N and C–H⋯O helped to obtain either (Z)-selective anti-Markovnikov or Markovnikov Thiol–Yne-Click products exclusively with excellent yields from an internal alkyne under metal free conditions.

All in one: The preparation of polyester/silica hybrid nanocomposites via three different metal-free click reactions

2021 ◽  
pp. 110532
Author(s):  
Ozgun Daglar ◽  
Emrah Çakmakçi ◽  
Ufuk Saim Gunay ◽  
Gurkan Hizal ◽  
Umit Tunca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Click Reactions ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Silica Hybrid

Novel, Metal-Free, Superacid-Catalyzed “Click” Reactions of Isatins with Linear, Nonactivated, Multiring Aromatic Hydrocarbons

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (17) ◽  
pp. 6968-6979 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carmen G. Hernandez ◽  
Mikhail G. Zolotukhin ◽  
Serguei Fomine ◽  
Gerardo Cedillo ◽  
Salvador L. Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Click Reactions ◽  
Metal Free

scholarly journals A Simple Approach to Bioconjugation at Diverse Levels: Metal-Free Click Reactions of Activated Alkynes with Native Groups of Biotargets without Prefunctionalization

Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianglong Hu ◽  
Xueqian Zhao ◽  
Benzhao He ◽  
Zheng Zhao ◽  
Zheng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Labeling ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Metal Catalysis ◽  
Click Reactions ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Natural Polysaccharide ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Activated Alkynes

The efficient bioconjugation of functional groups/molecules to targeted matrix and bio-related species drives the great development of material science and biomedicine, while the dilemma of metal catalysis, uneasy premodification, and limited reaction efficiency in traditional bioconjugation has restricted the booming development to some extent. Here, we provide a strategy for metal-free click bioconjugation at diverse levels based on activated alkynes. As a proof-of-concept, the abundant native groups including amine, thiol, and hydroxyl groups can directly react with activated alkynes without any modification in the absence of metal catalysis. Through this strategy, high-efficient modification and potential functionalization can be achieved for natural polysaccharide, biocompatible polyethylene glycol (PEG), synthetic polymers, cell penetrating peptide, protein, fast whole-cell mapping, and even quick differentiation and staining of Gram-positive bacteria, etc. Therefore, current metal-free click bioconjugation strategy based on activated alkynes is promising for the development of quick fluorescence labeling and functional modification of many targets and can be widely applied towards the fabrication of complex biomaterials and future in vivo labeling and detection.

The Shadow Widths of Very Small Particles are Formed Independently of the Metal Cap Build Up on the Particle

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 568-569
Author(s):  
George C. Ruben
Keyword(s):  
Gold Particle ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Geometric Process ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Shadow Area

The formation of shadows behind small particles has been thought to be a geometric process (GP) where the metal cap build up on the particle creates a shadow width the same size as or larger than the particle. This GP cannot explain why gold particle shadow widths are generally larger than the gold particle and may have no appreciable metal cap build up (fig. 1). Ruben and Telford have suggested that particle shadow widths are formed by the width dependent deflection of shadow metal (SM) lateral to and infront of the particle. The trajectory of the deflected SM is determined by the incoming shadow angle (45°). Since there can be up to 1.4 times (at 45°) more SM directly striking the particle than the film surface, a ridge of metal nuclei lateral to and infront of the particle can be formed. This ridge in turn can prevent some SM from directly landing in the metal free shadow area. However, the SM that does land in the shadow area (not blocked by the particle or its ridge) does not stick and apparently surface migrates into the SM film behind the particle.

Recent advancement in the electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 8065-8094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xudong Wen ◽  
Jingqi Guan
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Oxide Catalysts ◽  
Single Atom ◽  
Metal Oxide Catalysts ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Recent Advancement ◽  
Nanocomposite Catalysts

Different kinds of electrocatalysts used in NRR electrocatalysis (including single atom catalysts, metal oxide catalysts, nanocomposite catalysts, and metal free catalysts) are introduced.

Transition-metal-free catalytic hydroboration reduction of amides to amines

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (21) ◽  
pp. 3515-3520
Author(s):  
Wubing Yao ◽  
Jiali Wang ◽  
Aiguo Zhong ◽  
Shiliang Wang ◽  
Yinlin Shao
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Selective Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Metal Free

The selective catalytic reduction of amides to value-added amine products is a desirable but challenging transformation.

Deaminative carbonylative thioesterification of activated alkylamines with thiophenols under transition-metal-free conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengqian Zhao ◽  
Xiao-Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Metal Free

A transition-metal-free radical carbonylation of activated alkylamines with thiophenols has been successfully developed. Various thioesters were selectively produced with moderate to good yields.

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