Metabolism of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. 11. Herbicidal properties of amino acid conjugates

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 898-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Shieung Feung ◽  
Robert H. Hamilton ◽  
Ralph O. Mumma
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Conjugates ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Specific Localization of β-ᴅ-Glucoside Conjugates of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Soybean Vacuoles

1982 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 772-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Schmitt ◽  
H. Sandermann
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Amino Acid Conjugates ◽  
Specific Localization ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
A Minor

Cell suspension cultures of soybean (Glycine max L.) were incubated with [14C]-2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (62 h, 27 °C). The cells were converted to protoplasts by use of the cell-wall degrading enzymes, Driselase and pectinase. This procedure resulted in the release of the cellular amino acid conjugates as well as part of the free 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and of the β-ᴅ- glucoside conjugates. A vacuole fraction was obtained by mild osmotic shock in 10% yield, and was characterized by its polypeptide composition. The purified vacuoles were enriched in β-ᴅ-glucoside conjugates, free 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid being only a minor vacuolar constituent, and amino acid conjugates not being detectable.

scholarly journals NHÂN GIỐNG CÂY GIẢO CỔ LAM (Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino) BẰNG NUÔI CẤY CALLUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (1E) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Hoàng Tấn Quảng ◽  
Lê Phổ Quỳnh Như ◽  
Nguyễn Minh Trí ◽  
Lê Thị Tuyết Nhân ◽  
Lê Như Cương ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Gynostemma Pentaphyllum ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Giảo cổ lam (Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino) từ lâu đã được sử dụng làm thuốc dân gian cũng như được dùng để chế biến thành trà ở các nước châu Á. Đây là cây thân thảo lâu năm thuộc họ bầu bí chứa saponin, flavonoid, polysaccharide, vitamin và các amino acid. Trong nghiên cứu này, nhân giống in vitro loài cây này thông qua giai đoạn callus đã được thực hiện. Kết quả cho thấy môi trường cảm ứng sinh callus hiệu quả nhất đối với mẫu lá là MS cơ bản có bổ sung 1,5 mg/L NAA (naphthaleneacetic acid), đối với mẫu cuống lá là 0,2 mg/L 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), tỷ lệ mẫu có cảm ứng tạo callus tương ứng là 100% và 97,8%. Môi trường tái sinh chồi từ callus cho hiệu quả cao nhất là MS cơ bản có bổ sung 2,0 mg/L BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) và 0,2 mg/L NAA, tỷ lệ tái sinh chồi đạt 55,6%. Môi trường MS cơ bản bổ sung 1,0 mg/L BAP cho hiệu quả nhân chồi cao nhất đối với chồi đỉnh (6,17 chồi/mẫu) trong khi bổ sung 0,3 mg/L BAP cho hiệu quả cao nhất đối với chồi bên (7,72 chồi/mẫu). Môi trường tạo rễ tốt nhất đối với cây Giảo cổ lam là MS bổ sung 0,5 mg/L NAA với số lượng rễ là 7,22 rễ/chồi.

scholarly journals Novel 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Degradation Genes from Oligotrophic Bradyrhizobium sp. Strain HW13 Isolated from a Pristine Environment

2002 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Kitagawa ◽  
Sachiko Takami ◽  
Keisuke Miyauchi ◽  
Eiji Masai ◽  
Yoichi Kamagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Ralstonia Eutropha ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Phenol Derivatives ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

ABSTRACT The tfd genes of Ralstonia eutropha JMP134 are the only well-characterized set of genes responsible for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) degradation among 2,4-D-degrading bacteria. A new family of 2,4-D degradation genes, cadRABKC, was cloned and characterized from Bradyrhizobium sp. strain HW13, a strain that was isolated from a buried Hawaiian soil that has never experienced anthropogenic chemicals. The cadR gene was inferred to encode an AraC/XylS type of transcriptional regulator from its deduced amino acid sequence. The cadABC genes were predicted to encode 2,4-D oxygenase subunits from their deduced amino acid sequences that showed 46, 44, and 37% identities with the TftA and TftB subunits of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) oxygenase of Burkholderia cepacia AC1100 and with a putative ferredoxin, ThcC, of Rhodococcus erythropolis NI86/21, respectively. They are thoroughly different from the 2,4-D dioxygenase gene, tfdA, of R. eutropha JMP134. The cadK gene was presumed to encode a 2,4-D transport protein from its deduced amino acid sequence that showed 60% identity with the 2,4-D transporter, TfdK, of strain JMP134. Sinorhizobium meliloti Rm1021 cells containing cadRABKC transformed several phenoxyacetic acids, including 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T, to corresponding phenol derivatives. Frameshift mutations indicated that each of the cadRABC genes was essential for 2,4-D conversion in strain Rm1021 but that cadK was not. Five 2,4-D degraders, including Bradyrhizobium and Sphingomonas strains, were found to have cadA gene homologs, suggesting that these 2,4-D degraders share 2,4-D degradation genes similar to those of strain HW13 cadABC.

In Vitro Shoot Regeneration from Callus Derived from Marubakaido Apple Rootstock under Different Aluminium Concentrations

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 460e-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa F. de Oliveira ◽  
Gerson R. de L. Fortes ◽  
João B. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Apple Rootstock ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Regeneration

The aim of this work was to evaluate the organogenesis of Marubakaido apple rootstock under different aluminium concentratons. The explants were calli derived from apple internodes treated with either 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or pichloram at 0.5 and 1.0 μM and under five different aluminium concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg/L). These calli were then treated with aluminium at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/L. It was observed shoot regeneration only for those calli previously treated with pichloram. There were no significant difference among the aluminium concentrations.

Characterization of the Reproductive Mode in Guayule In Vitro

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 483a-483
Author(s):  
Roy N. Keys ◽  
Dennis T. Ray ◽  
David A. Dierig
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Reproductive Modes ◽  
Desert Southwest ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray, Asteraceae) is a latex-producing perennial desert shrub that is potentially of economic importance as an industrial crop for the desert Southwest. It is known to possess complex reproductive modes. Diploids are predominantly sexual and self-incompatible, while polyploids show a range of apomictic potential and self-compatibility. This paper describes the development of a relatively rapid and simple technique for characterizing reproductive modes of breeding lines of P. argentatum. Initial field experiments were based on an auxin test used successfully to characterize reproductive mode in the Poaceae. The application of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid inhibited embryo formation in P. argentatum, but this was not the case with other auxins tested. Results of field experiments were ambiguous because: 1) the floral structure of P. argentatum is such that auxins might not have penetrated to the ovules, and 2) there was potential self-fertilization by pollen released within isolation bags. Therefore, in vitro culture of flower heads was tested because it provided much better control of environmental conditions, growth regulator application, and pollen release. Auxin alone, or in combination with gibberellic acid or kinetin, inhibited parthenogenesis in vitro. Embryo production did not vary using two substantially different nutrient media. In vitro flower head culture using a (Nitsch and Nitsch) liquid nutrient medium without growth regulators, enabled characterization of the reproductive mode of seven breeding lines, ranging from predominantly sexual to predominantly apomictic. The results of this technique were substantiated using RAPD analyzes of progeny arrays from controlled crosses.

The role of a metabolic intermediate in the biodegradation of inhibitory substrates

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mungkarndee ◽  
S. M. Rao Bhamidimarri ◽  
A. J. Mawson ◽  
R. Chong
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Metabolic Product ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Mutual Inhibition ◽  
Metabolic Intermediate ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Ortho Cresol ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Biodegradation of the mixed inhibitory substrates, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and para-chloro-ortho-cresol (PCOC) was studied in aerobic batch cultures. Each substrate added beyond certain concentrations inhibited the degradation of the other. This mutual inhibition was found to be enhanced by 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) which is an intermediate metabolic product of 2,4-D. When 2,4-DCP accumulated to approximatelY 40 mg/l degradation of all compounds in the mixed 2,4-D and PCOC substrate system was completely inhibited. The degradation of 2,4-D and PCOC individually was also found to be inhibited by elevated concentrations of 2,4-DCP added externally, while PCOC inhibited the utilization of the intermediate.

Fluoroquinolone-3-carboxamide Amino Acid Conjugates: Synthesis, Antibacterial Properties And Molecular Modeling Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Riham M. Bokhtia ◽  
Siva S. Panda ◽  
Adel S. Girgis ◽  
Hitesh H. Honkanadavar ◽  
Tarek S. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Protecting Group ◽  
Amino Acid Conjugates ◽  
Molecular Modeling Studies

Background: Bacterial infections are considered as one of the major global health threats, so it is very essential to design and develop new antibacterial agents to overcome the drawbacks of existing antibacterial agents. Method: The aim of this work is to synthesize a series of new fluoroquinolone-3-carboxamide amino acid conjugates by molecular hybridization. We utilized benzotriazole chemistry to synthesize the desired hybrid conjugates. Result: All the conjugates were synthesized in good yields, characterized, evaluated for their antibacterial activity. The compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity using methods adapted from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Synthesized conjugates were tested for activity against medically relevant pathogens; Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27856) Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 19433). Conclusion: The observed antibacterial experimental data indicates the selectivity of our synthesized conjugates against E.Coli. The protecting group on amino acids decreases the antibacterial activity. The synthesized conjugates are non-toxic to the normal cell lines. The experimental data were supported by computational studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document