Influence of Thermal Processing on Hydrolysis and Stability of Folate Poly-γ-glutamates in Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), Carrot (Daucus carota) and Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 4230-4240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Wambui Munyaka ◽  
Philippe Verlinde ◽  
Ivan Muzira Mukisa ◽  
Indrawati Oey ◽  
Ann Van Loey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Thermal Processing

scholarly journals Evaluation of Preemergence Herbicides in Vegetable Crops

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Haar ◽  
S.A. Fennimore ◽  
M.E. McGiffen ◽  
W.T. Lanini ◽  
C.E. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides ◽  
Crop Stand

In an effort to identify new herbicides for vegetables crops, broccoli (Brassica oleracea) cantaloupe (Cucumis melo), carrot (Daucus carota), head lettuce (Lactuca sativa), bulb onion (Allium cepa), spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) were evaluated in the field for tolerance to eight herbicides. The following herbicides and rates, expressed in a.i. lb/acre, were applied preemergence: carfentrazone, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2; flufenacet, 0.525; flumioxazin, 0.063, 0.125 and 0.25; halosulfuron, 0.032 and 0.047; isoxaben, 0.25 and 0.50; rimsulfuron, 0.016 and 0.031; SAN 582, 0.94 and 1.20 and sulfentrazone, 0.15 and 0.25 (1.000 lb/acre = 1.1208 kg·ha-1). Tolerance was evaluated by measuring crop stand, injury and biomass. Several leads for new vegetable herbicides were identified. Lettuce demonstrated tolerance to carfentrazone at 0.05 and 0.10 lb/acre. Cantaloupe and processing tomato were tolerant of halosulfuron at 0.032 and 0.047 lb/acre. Broccoli, cantaloupe and processing tomato were tolerant of SAN 582 at 0.94 lb/acre. Broccoli and carrot were tolerant of sulfentrazone at 0.15 lb/acre.

scholarly journals Induction of Dormancy in Nondormant Seeds

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Moist Chilling ◽  
Dormancy Induction ◽  
Ga Biosynthesis

A gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis inhibitor, tetcyclacis, induced dormancy in nondormant seeds of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), carrot [Daucus carota var. sativus (Hoffn.)], onion (Allium cepa L.), celery (Apium graveolens L.), and impatiens (Impatiens novette), as most of the seeds failed to germinate after washing under conditions that permitted germination before dormancy induction. In lettuce seeds, tetcyclacis and paclobutrazol were more effective in inhibiting germination in light than in darkness. A 16- to 24-h soak treatment with tetcyclacis was sufficient to induce dormancy in nearly all seeds. Tetcyclacis failed to induce dormancy if applied after 6 h presoak in water. Dormancy induced by tetcyclacis was released by GA4+7 (a mixture of gibberellin A4 and A7), light, and moist-chilling treatments. When GA4+7 was applied with tetcyclacis, dormancy induction was prevented under both favorable, e.g., 25C, and unfavorable, e.g., 5C, or low water potential (Ψ), germination conditions. Unlike tetcyclacis, abscisic acid (ABA) failed to induce dormancy in lettuce seeds. Thermodormancy induction in lettuce seeds at 35C was prevented by fluridone. However, neither ABA nor tetcyclacis countered its effect. Dormancy was also induced in lettuce seeds by ancymidol, flurprimidol, or paclobutrazol. Dormancy induced by tetcyclacis in pepper, tomato, carrot, and onion seeds was released by GA4+7, but not by irradiation or moist-chilling. Chemical names used: 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3, 4, 5, 9, 10-pentaazatetracyclo [5.4.102,6.08,11]-dodeca-3, 9-diene (tetcyclacis); 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4, 4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-1-yl)-3-pentanol (paclobutrazol); α-cyclopropyl-α-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-pyrimidine methanol (ancymidol); α-(1-methyl)-α-[4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenyl]-5-pyrimidine-methanol (flurprimidol); 1-methyl-3-phenyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4 (1H)-pyridinone (fluridone).

scholarly journals Aplicación de Tecnología de Barreras para la Conservación de Mezclas de Vegetales Mínimamente Procesados

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 7237-7245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Escobar Hernández ◽  
Carlos Julio Márquez Cardozo ◽  
Claudia Estela Restrepo Flórez ◽  
Luis Jaime Pérez Córdoba
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Sechium Edule

Los vegetales son componentes esenciales de la dieta humana y su procesamiento trae como consecuencia el rápido deterioro ocasionado por el aumento de las reacciones metabólicas, esto hace necesario que se utilicen tecnologías emergentes de conservación. En este trabajo se estudió el efecto de la tecnología de barreras (desinfección, tratamiento térmico, recubrimiento comestible, atmósfera modificada y refrigeración) sobre la vida útil de una mezcla de vegetales mínimamente procesados compuesta por brócoli (Brassica oleracea var. itálica), coliflor (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.), chayote (Sechium edule), apio (Apium graveolens) y zanahoria (Daucus carota). Las barreras fueron aplicadas a las hortalizas para luego ser envasadas en dos tipos de bandejas (empaque en atmósfera modificada y empaque en bandeja sello plus). Los vegetales se almacenaron durante 12 días en refrigeración (4 °C y 95% HR), se llevaron a cabo análisis microbiológicos, físico-químicos y sensoriales, y un estudio de vida útil. Los resultados mostraron que el proceso de desinfección con NaClO 100 ppm y el tratamiento térmico de 60 °C durante 2 min, tuvieron efecto en la reducción de la población microbiana para el día cero de evaluación. La calidad general se conservó para los 12 días de almacenamiento, en la zanahoria, chayote, coliflor y apio. La evaluación fisicoquímica presentó diferencias estadísticamente significativas de los parámetros evaluados con respecto al tiempo de almacenamiento. El estudio de vida útil arrojó tiempos de 7 y 5 días para la mezcla de vegetales empacada en bandeja sello plus en atmósfera modificada, respectivamente. La combinación de barreras se muestra como alternativa viable en la conservación de mezclas de vegetales mínimamente procesados.

scholarly journals Attachment to Roots and Virulence of a chvB Mutant of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Are Temperature Sensitive

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Bash ◽  
Ann G. Matthysse
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Wild Type

Agrobacterium tumefaciens chvB mutants are unable to produce β-1,2 glucan. They are nonattaching and avirulent and show reduced motility at room temperature. At lower temperatures (16°C), chvB mutants became virulent on Bryophyllum daigremontiana and Lycopersicon esculentum and were able to attach to L. esculentum, Arabidopsis thaliana, Daucus carota, and Tagetes erecta roots. The mutant bacteria also recovered wild-type motility at lower temperatures. Two other nonattaching mutants of A. tumefaciens, AttR and AtrA, were unaffected by the lowered temperature, remaining nonattaching and avirulent.

scholarly journals Efeito de exsudatos de cultura de células de plantas em juvenis de segundo estádio de Meloidogyne incognita

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando S. Rocha ◽  
Vicente P. Campos
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Crotalaria Juncea ◽  
Dendrobium Nobile

Calus foram obtidos de tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum), cafeeiro (Coffea arabica), alfafa (Medicago sativa), orquídea (Dendrobium nobile), mostarda (Brassica rapa), batata doce (Ipomoea batatas), fumo (Nicotiana tabacum), cenoura (Daucus carota) e Crotalaria juncea em meio sólido de Murashige & Skoog (MS) seguido do cultivo em meio líquido MS em temperatura de 25-28 ºC. Após um mês, a suspensão foi passada em membrana Millipore 0,22 µm, obtendo-se, assim, o exsudato da cultura de células de cada planta testada. Ovos ou juvenis de segundo estádio (J2) de Meloidogyne incognita foram incubados nesses exsudatos e avaliadas as percentagens de eclosão, mobilidade e mortalidade dos J2. Com exceção dos ovos incubados em exsudato de orquídea, todos os demais inibiram a eclosão quando comparados com a incubação em água (testemunha). Entretanto, nos exsudatos de L. esculentum, cafeeiro e C. juncea a inibição foi mais drástica, semelhante ao aldicarb, mas significativamente diferente e menor do que em soluções contendo ingredientes do meio MS (1-5). Todos os exsudatos reduziram a mobilidade e aumentaram a mortalidade, com maior intensidade em 24 h de exposição. Porém, maior redução na mobilidade ocorreu nos exsudatos de tomateiro e alfafa, enquanto maior mortalidade no exsudato de tomateiro, seguido pelo de mostarda.

scholarly journals Seeding Uniformity of Precision Seeders

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina P. Bracy ◽  
Richard L. Parish
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Complete Determination

Stanhay, Carraro, and Gaspardo precision vegetable seeders were evaluated for seeding uniformity with seeds of five vegetable crops—cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. Capitata group), carrot (Daucus carota L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), onion (Allium cepa L. Cepa group), and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Five measurements [mean, percentage of misses, percentage of multiples, quality of feed, and precision (defined as the coefficient of variation after misses and multiples were discarded)] were used to evaluate seeder uniformity. Using all five measurements provided a more complete determination of the metering uniformity of the seeders than was possible in prior work when only mean and coefficient of variation were used. The belt seeder (Stanhay) was effective at singulating spherical seeds (cabbage) and nearly spherical seeds (onion)as the most precise vacuum seeder (Carraro). Seeding uniformity of all seeders with elongated (carrot and cucumber) or angular (spinach) seeds was inadequate for precision seeding.

scholarly journals SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF COMPOSTED BROILER LITTER IN MISSISSIPPI VEGETABLE PRODUCTION

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 887a-887
Author(s):  
W.B. Evans ◽  
Y. Vizzier-Thaxton ◽  
P. Hudson ◽  
K. Paridon
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Broiler Litter ◽  
Waste Products

Mississippi is one of the nation's largest broiler litter producing states. Interest in using litter and other organic waste products, such as compost, in horticultural systems is increasing in the state and region. The objective of this research was to determine the influences of composted broiler litter (CBL) on three aspects of vegetable crop productivity: growth and yield, microbiological safety, and mineral nutrition. This report focuses on the first two objectives. Compost was made in a covered, turned windrow for a blend of broiler litter and hardwood sawdust. Responses to CBL were tested in two vegetables: collard (Brassica oleracea var. Acephala) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Rates of CBL ranged from 0 to 5 tons/acre, preplant incorporated in a randomized complete block design with four replicates for each species in two separate experiments in 2004. Testing of the CBL, the soil after application, leaves, and harvested organs found no significant influence of CBL on pathogenic microbe concentrations. At each of five sampling dates through commercial crop maturity, collard (Brassica oleracea var. Acephala) fresh and dry weight per plant increased linearly with CBL applications up to 5 tons/acre. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) shoot fresh weight increased with increasing CBL applications at each sampling date. Marketable fruit yield increased linearly with increasing CBL applications. Total fruit yield response to CBL was best described by a quadratic equation.

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