Trichothecene toxin production by strains of Gibberella pulicaris (Fusarium sambucinum) in liquid culture and in potato tubers

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E. Desjardins ◽  
Ronald D. Plattner
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Fusarium Sambucinum ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Gibberella Pulicaris

Metabolism of the Phytoalexin Rishitin by Gibberella pulicaris Is Highly Reduced in Liquid Culture

1998 ◽  
Vol 53 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 806-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus-M. Weltring ◽  
Martin Altenburger
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Gibberella Pulicaris ◽  
Potato Dry Rot ◽  
Maximal Reduction

Gibberella pulicaris is a causal agent of potato dry rot. The fungus is able to metabolize the potato phytoalexin rishitin, a trait which is possibly associated with virulence against potato tubers. Metabolism of the plant defence compound on agar medium is completed within 24 h. In contrast, incubations in various liquid media and buffers highly reduced degradation of rishitin with a maximal reduction of substrate down to 30% of the initial concentration within five days. The structurally related sesquiterpene lubimin was degraded completely within 12 hr in all tested liquid media. Our data suggest that rishitin metabolism is under an unusual genetic control requiring growth on a solid surface for efficient metabolism.

Fusarium sulphureum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Fusarium Sambucinum ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
East And West Germany ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Fusarium Sulphureum ◽  
Gibberella Pulicaris

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium sulphureum[Gibberella cyanogena]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Solanum tuberosum; also isolated from the following hosts: Arachis, Citrus, Cocos, Cupressus, Elasis, Fragaria, Gleditsia, Hibiscus, various Leguminosae, Lycopersicon, Linus, Phaseolus, Picea, Pinus, Pisum, Solanum, Sorghum, Trifolium, Triticum, Zea and also from animal and poultry feed and from soil. DISEASE: Fusarium sulphureum[Gibberella cyanogena] is often reported under the name Fusarium sambucinum[Gibberella pulicaris] f. 6; economically it is most important as the cause of potato tuber dry rot (54, 536; 56, 3195). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Probably world wide. It has been reported on potato tubers from Australia, Canada, Cyprus, East and West Germany, Iran, New Zealand, UK and USA. TRANSMISSION: By soil, water and planting material.

scholarly journals Potentially dangerous fusarioid microorganisms associated with rot of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) plants in field culture

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gryndler ◽  
K. Krofta ◽  
H. Gryndlerová ◽  
L. Soukupová ◽  
H. Hršelová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Fusarium Sambucinum ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Gibberella Pulicaris ◽  
Field Culture ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Several fusarioid microorganisms were isolated as potential pathogens of hop (<i>Humulus lupulus</I> L.) but their virulence was not proved in inoculation trials in field conditions. Molecular search for other possible pathogens was then performed. Using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP), <i>Gibberella pulicaris</I> (anamorph: <i>Fusarium sambucinum</I>) was identified as a probable cause of the hop wilting. The primary cause of the disease is wounding of hop crowns by feeding of rosy rustic moth (<i>Hydraecia micacea</I>) caterpillars or by defect pruning and other unfavourable circumstances. The specific primer HLf1 was designed that can be used to detect the pathogen in soil and in damaged plant tissues.

scholarly journals An ATP-binding Cassette Multidrug-Resistance Transporter Is Necessary for Tolerance of Gibberella pulicaris to Phytoalexins and Virulence on Potato Tubers

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Fleiβner ◽  
Claudia Sopalla ◽  
Klaus-Michael Weltring
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Necrotrophic Pathogen ◽  
Defense Compounds ◽  
Gibberella Pulicaris ◽  
High Sequence Homology ◽  
Multidrug Resistance Transporter ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette

The necrotrophic pathogen Gibberella pulicaris infects potato tubers through wounds that contain fungitoxic secondary metabolites such as the phytoalexins rishitin and lubimin. In order to colonize tuber tissue, the fungus must possess a mechanism to tolerate potato defense compounds. In this paper, we show that a gene, Gpabc1, that codes an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter is required for tolerance to these phytoalexins and for virulence on potato. The Gpabc1 gene, isolated in the course of a differential cDNA screen, shares high sequence homology with the ABC1 gene of Magnaporthe grisea. G. pulicaris mutants deficient in Gpabc1 were still able to metabolize rishitin but lost their tolerance to this phytoalexin as well as their virulence on potato. These results strongly suggest that the Gpabc1-encoded ABC transporter is necessary for tolerance of G. pulicaris to rishitin and that this tolerance is required for virulence on potato.

Rapid analysis of GBSS1 and Vinv genes expressed in potato tubers using microtubers produced in liquid culture medium

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1415-1424
Author(s):  
Yuhya Wakasa ◽  
Atsushi Kasai ◽  
Muneo Yamazaki ◽  
Yutaka Tabei ◽  
Mutsuo Tsuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Rapid Analysis ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Liquid Culture Medium

scholarly journals Resistance to thiabendazole in Fusarium species and Helminthosporium solani in potato tubers treated commercially in eastern Canada

2005 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.W. Platt
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Helminthosporium Solani ◽  
Fusarium Sambucinum ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tuber Rot

During the 1992-1993 and 1994-1995 winter storage period for potatoes (Solarium tuberosum) in Quebec, New Brunswick, and Prince-Edward-Island, tubers were collected which had symptoms of fusarium tuber rot and silver scurf and which had been treated commercially after harvest with thiabendazole. Resistance to thiabendazole was detected in isolates of Fusarium sambucinum and Helminthosporium solani but not in isolates of F. avenaceum and F. oxysporum. However, the majority of those farms surveyed (64%) had adequate disease control with no pathogen isolated from the diseased tubers. Incidence and EC50 values of resistant isolates were lower than found elsewhere and the occurrence of farms with resistant isolates of F. sambucinum (18%) was greater than for H. solani (7%). For H. solani, EC50 values of resistant isolates were substantially less than those found in Alberta. While the study investigated commercial operations employing a wide range of thiabendazole rates (6-42 g a.i. t-1), no specifie trends were detected between the occurrence of resistant isolates and cultivar or thiabendazole application rate.

Occurrence of Scirpentriol and its Seven Acetylated Derivatives in Culture Extracts of Fusarium sambucinum NRRL 134951

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 871-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
KURT E. RICHARDSON ◽  
GLEN E. TONEY ◽  
CAROL A. HANEY ◽  
PAT B. HAMILTON
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Fusarium Sambucinum ◽  
Chemical Derivatization ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Single Culture ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Ethyl acetate extracts of culture filtrates from Fusarium sambucinum NRRL 13495 contained scirpentriol, triacetoxyscirpenol, 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol, 3,4-diacetoxyscirpenol, 3,15-diacetoxyscirpenol, 15-monoacetoxyscirpenol, 4-monoacetoxyscirpenol, and 3-monoacetoxyscirpenol which are the eight possible members of the scirpentriol family of trichothecene mycotoxins. These eight mycotoxins were identified by chemical derivatization, thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography, mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and comparison to standards. The total concentration of scirpenol derivatives in the culture filtrate was 426 mg/liter of which 346 mg/L was 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol. The occurrence of a complete family of mycotoxins in a single culture implies that outbreaks of toxicity associated with Fusarium may be multiple toxicoses, and that the screening of foodstuffs for trichothecenes should be broadened, particularly potato tubers which are subject to infection by F. sambucinum.

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