Fusarium sulphureum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Fusarium Sambucinum ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
East And West Germany ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Fusarium Sulphureum ◽  
Gibberella Pulicaris

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium sulphureum[Gibberella cyanogena]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Solanum tuberosum; also isolated from the following hosts: Arachis, Citrus, Cocos, Cupressus, Elasis, Fragaria, Gleditsia, Hibiscus, various Leguminosae, Lycopersicon, Linus, Phaseolus, Picea, Pinus, Pisum, Solanum, Sorghum, Trifolium, Triticum, Zea and also from animal and poultry feed and from soil. DISEASE: Fusarium sulphureum[Gibberella cyanogena] is often reported under the name Fusarium sambucinum[Gibberella pulicaris] f. 6; economically it is most important as the cause of potato tuber dry rot (54, 536; 56, 3195). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Probably world wide. It has been reported on potato tubers from Australia, Canada, Cyprus, East and West Germany, Iran, New Zealand, UK and USA. TRANSMISSION: By soil, water and planting material.

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brayford
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Local Dispersal

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Gladiolus sp. Also known to infect Babania, Crocosmia (= Montbretia), Crocus, Freesia, bulbous Iris, Ixia, Sparaxis, Streptanthera, Tritonia and Washingtonia (Iridaceae), causing corm rot or yellows symptoms (McClellan, 1945; 73, 3171; 74, 1746). DISEASE: Corm rot, basal dry rot, yellows. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread. TRANSMISSION: By infected corms used as planting material. Via movement of contaminated soil. Local dispersal is by water flow and droplet splash containing macro- or microconidia.

Metabolism of the Phytoalexin Rishitin by Gibberella pulicaris Is Highly Reduced in Liquid Culture

1998 ◽  
Vol 53 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 806-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus-M. Weltring ◽  
Martin Altenburger
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Gibberella Pulicaris ◽  
Potato Dry Rot ◽  
Maximal Reduction

Gibberella pulicaris is a causal agent of potato dry rot. The fungus is able to metabolize the potato phytoalexin rishitin, a trait which is possibly associated with virulence against potato tubers. Metabolism of the plant defence compound on agar medium is completed within 24 h. In contrast, incubations in various liquid media and buffers highly reduced degradation of rishitin with a maximal reduction of substrate down to 30% of the initial concentration within five days. The structurally related sesquiterpene lubimin was degraded completely within 12 hr in all tested liquid media. Our data suggest that rishitin metabolism is under an unusual genetic control requiring growth on a solid surface for efficient metabolism.

Resistance to powdery dry rot (Fusarium sulphureum) in potato tubers

1983 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Jellis ◽  
N. C. Starling
Keyword(s):  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Fusarium Sulphureum

scholarly journals Changes in chemical composition of potato tubers caused by dry rot (Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. var. coeruleum (Sacc.) Booth, Fusarium sulphureum Schlecht.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Zdzisław Przeździecki ◽  
Danuta Murawa
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Fusarium Sulphureum ◽  
Vit C

Investigations on effect of dry root (<i>F. solani</i> var. <i>coeruleum</i> and <i>F. sulphureum</i>) pathogens on three potato cultivares Azalia, Pola, Odra chemical composition were carried out. Content of total nitrogen and protein, total saccharides, reducting and bisaccharides and vit. C was investigated. Significant decrease of total and protein nitrogen content in potatoes affected by <i>Fusarium</i> in relation to intact tubers was found. Moreover increase of reducting saccharides and bisaccharides in potatoes infected by <i>Fusarium</i> compared with controls was observed. Level of vit. C was decreased in tubers affected by <i>Fusarium</i> in all potato cultivars. In this experiment changes in chemical composition content in potato tubers were connected with a kind of dry rot patogen.

scholarly journals First Report of Potato Tuber Sprout Rot Caused by Fusarium sambucinum in Michigan

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 1460-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Wharton ◽  
P. Tumbalam ◽  
W. W. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Sambucinum ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Tuber Tissue ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
First Report ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Fusarium Dry Rot ◽  
Whole Seed ◽  
Cut Seed ◽  
Cut Surface

Fusarium dry rot is one of the most important diseases of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), affecting tubers in storage and whole seed or seed pieces after planting (2). Fusarium sambucinum Fuckel (teleomorph Giberella pulicaris) is the most common pathogen causing dry rot of stored tubers in North America. (4). Cut seed potato tubers of cvs. FL1879 and Pike with severe sprout rot were collected in Michigan during May 2006. As well as having rotted sprouts, all diseased tubers had dry rot. When diseased sprouts were cut in half, brown, necrotic lesions could be seen spreading down the center of the sprout in vascular tissue and at the base of the sprout in tuber tissue. Pathogen isolations were made from both infected tuber tissue and diseased sprouts on potato dextrose agar (PDA). In both cases, only F. sambucinum was isolated from diseased sprout and tuber tissue. Identification of the pathogen was based on colony and conidial morphology. This included white, fluffy mycelium on the surface and crimson coloration of the colonies viewed from the underside of PDA plates and large distinctive macroconidia (3). Identification was confirmed by comparison of ITS (internal transcribed spacer) sequence data with reference isolates. The ITS region of rDNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers ITS1/ITS4 and sequenced. BLASTn analysis (1) of the sequence obtained showed a 100% homology with F. sambucinum Fuckel. For inoculum production, isolates were grown on PDA at 8°C for 14 days prior to inoculation. Pathogenicity was tested in potato tubers of cv. FL1879 with a single isolate collected from diseased sprouts. Whole seed tubers with 4 mm long sprouts were cut in half longitudinally with a sterile knife to ensure that seed pieces had viable sprouts. The cut surfaces of seed pieces were spray inoculated with 200 ml of conidial suspension (1 × 104 conidia ml-1) over the entire cut surface to give a final dosage of approximately 1 ml per seed piece. Care was taken to limit inoculum spray to the cut surface so that sprouts were not inoculated. Seed pieces (40 per replicate × 4 replicates) were then placed in plastic boxes (30 × 15 × 10 cm) and incubated in the dark at 18°C and 95% relative humidity for 30 days in a controlled environment chamber. As a control, cut seed pieces were spayed with sterile distilled water and incubated as above. All tubers inoculated with the pathogen developed typical Fusarium dry rot symptoms consisting of a brown, dry decay of tuber tissue with mycelial lined cavities. Sprouts on inoculated tubers developed symptoms that were observed in the initially collected seed pieces, and F. sambucinum was reisolated from all infected sprouts. The noninoculated control tubers did not develop any symptoms of dry rot. The results of the pathogenicity tests indicate that F. sambucinum caused sprout rot on potato seed pieces. Since only the cut surfaces of tubers were inoculated, it is assumed that infection of sprouts is systemic through the tuber. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. sambucinum causing a sprout rot of developing sprouts on seed tubers in the United States. References: (1) S. F. Altschul et al. Nucleic Acids Res. 25:3389, 1997. (2) L. E. Hanson et al. Phytopathology 86:378, 1996. (3) P. E. Nelson et al. Pages 118–119 in: Fusarium Species: An Illustrated Manual for Identification. The Pennsylvania State University, University Park and London, 1983. (4) G. A. Secor and B. Salas. Fusarium dry rot and Fusarium wilt. Pages 23–25 in: Compendium of Potato Diseases. 2nd ed. W. R. Stevenson et al., eds. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 2001.

Trends in the Prevalence of Atopic Eczema in East and West Germany

1998 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 376-376
Author(s):  
Schäfer ◽  
Krämer ◽  
Vieluf ◽  
Behrendt ◽  
Ring
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Eczema ◽  
West Germany ◽  
East And West Germany ◽  
East And West

A Reflection on Crucial Periods in 50 Years of Social Psychology (in Germany)

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Katja Corcoran ◽  
Michael Häfner ◽  
Mathias Kauff ◽  
Stefan Stürmer
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Early Development ◽  
West Germany ◽  
East And West Germany ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
East And West

Abstract. In this article, we reflect on 50 years of the journal Social Psychology. We interviewed colleagues who have witnessed the history of the journal. Based on these interviews, we identified three crucial periods in Social Psychology’s history, that are (a) the early development and further professionalization of the journal, (b) the reunification of East and West Germany, and (c) the internationalization of the journal and its transformation from the Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie to Social Psychology. We end our reflection with a discussion of changes that occurred during these periods and their implication for the future of our field.

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