Solubility of carbon dioxide in mixed paraffinic hydrocarbon solvents at cryogenic temperatures

1972 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Un K. Im ◽  
Fred Kurata
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Paraffinic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Cryogenic Temperatures ◽  
Hydrocarbon Solvents

A New Hydrocarbon Elastomer. II. Properties of an Ethylene-Propylene-Nonconjugated Diene Terpolymer

1962 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1126-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Verbanc ◽  
M. S. Fawcett ◽  
E. J. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Diffusivity ◽  
Amorphous Polymer ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Hydrocarbon Solvents ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Thermal Data ◽  
General Appearance

Abstract A new hydrocarbon elastomer has been synthesized from petrochemical intermediates using coordination catalysis. This amorphous polymer resembles commercial diene elastomers in general appearance, is completely soluble in hydrocarbon and chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents, and is stable to prolonged storage. It can be vulcanized effectively by the use of accelerated sulfur systems and reinforced by numerous fillers such as carbon blacks, clays, and certain silicas. Reinforced vulcanizates are strong, resilient, and extremely resistant to oxygen, ozone, heat, light, and many chemical agents. Properly compounded vulcanizates exhibit excellent electrical and low temperature properties. Permeability to gases, specifically nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, parallels natural rubber. Thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity are ∼15% greater than polyisoprene. The practical significance of the thermal data remains to be determined.

Use of Carbon Dioxide and Hydrocarbon Solvents During the Method of Steam-Over-Solvent Injection in Fractured Reservoirs for Heavy-Oil Recovery From Sandstones and Carbonates

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 286-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.. Naderi ◽  
T.. Babadagli
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Fractured Reservoirs ◽  
Co2 Injection ◽  
Heavy Oil Recovery ◽  
Solvent Injection ◽  
Hydrocarbon Solvents ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Static Conditions

Summary Because of low efficiencies and the high cost of the individual injection of steam and solvent for heavy-oil recovery, their hybrid applications have gained significant attention recently. Although numerous laboratory studies exist and there are a considerable number of field projects for sandstone environments, fractured carbonates lack technologies to drain matrix oil efficiently. An alternative-method injection of solvent and steam was proposed and tested earlier (Babadagli and Al-Bahlani 2008). This process applies steam initially to condition the matrix oil for succeeding solvent injection and steam reinjection to retrieve solvent in the matrix and to recover additional upgraded oil. The present study uses carbon dioxide (CO2) as a solvent and compares it with hydrocarbon solvents in this type of application. To clarify the physics of the process and to test the applicability of the method for different reservoir and injection conditions, we conducted a series of experiments by first injecting steam, followed by CO2 injection. In the third cycle, steam was injected again to produce upgraded oil in the matrix. The experiments were performed under static conditions (soaking sand and carbonate samples in steam or CO2 chambers) at different temperatures and pressures. CO2 is shown to be a reasonable alternative for hydrocarbon solvents in such a process in terms of cost and benefits by reducing the solvent expenses, keeping the oil-production levels, and disposing of a greenhouse gas.

Correlation of the solubility of carbon dioxide in hydrocarbon solvents

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert M. Sebastian ◽  
Ho-Mu Lin ◽  
Kwang-Chu Chao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrocarbon Solvents

Electron Cytochemical Study of Carbon Dioxide Laser Effect on Rhesus Monkey Cornea

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 224-225
Author(s):  
K. C. Tsou ◽  
J. Morris ◽  
P. Shawaluk ◽  
B. Stuck ◽  
E. Beatrice
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Laser Effect

While much is known regarding the effect of lasers on the retina, little study has been done on the effect of lasers on cornea, because of the limitation of the size of the material. Using a combination of electron microscope and several newly developed cytochemical methods, the effect of laser can now be studied on eye for the purpose of correlating functional and morphological damage. The present paper illustrates such study with CO2 laser on Rhesus monkey.

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