THE QUENCHING OF MERCURY RESONANCE RADIATION. I. THE SATURATED HYDROCARBONS

1930 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 3825-3832 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Radiation ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbons

scholarly journals The quenching of the resonance radiation of sodium

1940 ◽  
Vol 176 (966) ◽  
pp. 295-312 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Effective Cross Section ◽  
Sodium Atom ◽  
Resonance Radiation ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Tertiary Amines ◽  
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Eyring's Theory

The effective cross-section for quenching of sodium resonance radiation by the saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, tertiary amines and several diatomic molecules has been measured. The results indicate that with regard to quenching ability the gases fall into two groups, one comprising the saturated hydrocarbons and the inert gases and the other the unsaturated hydrocarbons and the amines. The difference in behaviour is too pronounced to be explained in terms of the discrepancy between the amount of energy the sodium atom gives up and the quenching molecule can receive, but may be attributed to the presence of unsaturation in the molecule. Within any one series the number of atoms in the molecule apart from the unsaturated centre seems to have little influence on the quenching ability, and it has been concluded that the quenching ability may be regarded as proceeding from a centre of unsaturation. The results have been qualitatively considered in the light of Stearn and Eyring’s theory of non-adiabatic reactions, and in the terminology of the theory of the intermediate complex we may say that the presence of unsaturation manifests itself in a relatively large transmission coefficient.

THE QUENCHING OF POTASSIUM RESONANCE RADIATION BY HYDROCARBONS

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-344
Author(s):  
E. A. Cherniak ◽  
W. M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Resonance Radiation ◽  
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbons

The quenching of the resonance radiation of potassium by some unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons has been examined at 67 °C. The behavior was found to be almost identical with that previously observed with sodium, the saturated hydrocarbons quenching to a negligible extent, the unsaturated hydrocarbons exhibiting cross sections with potassium not significantly different from those exhibited towards sodium.

Resonance radiation plasma (photoresonance plasma)

1988 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 265-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. Beterov ◽  
Aleksandr V. Eletskii ◽  
Boris M. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Radiation ◽  
Radiation Plasma

Liquid Crystal Trimers Incorporating Saturated Isosteres of Benzene and Exhibiting Modulated Nematic Phases

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Al-Janabi ◽  
Richard Mandle
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Helical Structure ◽  
Molecular Shape ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fluid System ◽  
Structural Requirement ◽  
Disubstituted Benzene ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Nematic Phases ◽  
Bend Angles

<p>The nematic twist-bend (N<sub>TB</sub>) liquid crystal phase possesses a local helical structure with a pitch length of a few nanometres and is the first example of spontaneous symmetry breaking in a fluid system. All known examples of the N­<sub>TB­</sub> phase occur in materials whose constituent mesogenic units are aromatic hydrocarbons. It is not clear if this is due to synthetic convenience or a <i>bona fide</i> structural requirement for a material to exhibit this phase of matter. In this work we demonstrate that materials consisting largely of saturated hydrocarbons could also give rise to this mesophase. Furthermore, replacement of 1,4-disubstituted benzene with <i>trans</i> 1,4-cyclohexane or even 1,4-cubane does not especially alter the transition temperatures of the resulting material nor does it appear to impact upon the heliconical tilt angle, suggesting the local structure of the phase is unperturbed. Calculating the probability distribution of bend angles reveals that the choice of isosteric group has little impact on the overall molecular shape, demonstrating the shape-driven nature of the N<sub>TB</sub> phase. </p>

scholarly journals Production of Fuels and Chemicals from a CO2/H2 Mixture

Reactions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-146
Author(s):  
Yali Yao ◽  
Baraka Celestin Sempuga ◽  
Xinying Liu ◽  
Diane Hildebrandt
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Hydrogenation ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Reverse Water Gas Shift ◽  
Cu Catalyst ◽  
In Series ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
Aspen Simulation

In order to explore co-production alternatives, a once-through process for CO2 hydrogenation to chemicals and liquid fuels was investigated experimentally. In this approach, two different catalysts were considered; the first was a Cu-based catalyst that hydrogenates CO2 to methanol and CO and the second a Fisher–Tropsch (FT) Co-based catalyst. The two catalysts were loaded into different reactors and were initially operated separately. The experimental results show that: (1) the Cu catalyst was very active in both the methanol synthesis and reverse-water gas shift (R-WGS) reactions and these two reactions were restricted by thermodynamic equilibrium; this was also supported by an Aspen plus simulation of an (equilibrium) Gibbs reactor. The Aspen simulation results also indicated that the reactor can be operated adiabatically under certain conditions, given that the methanol reaction is exothermic and R-WGS is endothermic. (2) the FT catalyst produced mainly CH4 and short chain saturated hydrocarbons when the feed was CO2/H2. When the two reactors were coupled in series and the presence of CO in the tail gas from the first reactor (loaded with Cu catalyst) significantly improves the FT product selectivity toward higher carbon hydrocarbons in the second reactor compared to the standalone FT reactor with only CO2/H2 in the feed.

Characteristics in oxidative degradation by ozone for saturated hydrocarbons in soil contaminated with diesel fuel

Chemosphere ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 799-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do-Yun Yu ◽  
Namgoo Kang ◽  
Wookeun Bae ◽  
M. Katherine Banks
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbons

scholarly journals Study of the industrial contaminations containing hydrocarbon components and their effect on correlation of protective properties of textiles for clothes

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 02027
Author(s):  
Irina Cherunova ◽  
Elena Yakovleva ◽  
Ekaterina Stefanova
Keyword(s):  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
State Technical ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Wet Processing ◽  
Main Components ◽  
High Level ◽  
Made In

The article represents trends and results of world investigations for safety of textile materials for humans and environment. The algorithm for identification of potential influence vector of chemical emissions from textile and the environmentally aimed methods based on the alternative chemical substances for textile wet processing were presented. Using the procedure for oleophobic effect determination, the oil resistance levels of a number of modern fabrics for clothes were established. The experimental research results of the oil products concentration in the textile materials after chemical treatment based on the method of the capillary gas chromatography were presented. It was found out that hydrocarbons from C14H30 Tetradecane to С36Н74 Hexatriacontane are the main components with high level of contaminants concentration. The average values of hydrocarbon concentration on the cleaned up samples for the main areas of the clothe surface were determined. Accumulation of residual contaminations, based on saturated hydrocarbons (С17Н36 – С25Н52 block) and related special-purpose clothes areas, was identified. Recommendations for target-oriented correlation of the clothes protective properties were proposed. UWO (unified work order). The research was made in Don State Technical University within the framework of State Assignment of the Ministry of education and science of Russia under the project 11.9194.2017/BCh.

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