Terahertz Sensing Technology

Sensing applications of THz technology include applications for space exploration, detection of concealed objects, explosive identification, and THz cancer detection. This paper will review these and other emerging applications and existing and potential THz sources and detectors, including photonic and electronic THz devices, such as plasmonic field effect transistors capable of detecting and emitting THz radiation. Plasma wave electronics devices demonstrated THz detection using GaAs-based and GaN-based HEMTs, Si MOS, SOI, and FINFETs and FET arrays. This technology has potential to become a dominant THz electronics technology.

Plasma-Fuel Systems for Fuel Preparation, Ignition, Combustion and Gasification

A review of the developed plasmachemical technologies of pyrolysis, hydrogenation, thermochemical treatment for combustion, gasification, radiation-plasma, and complex conversion of solid fuels, including uranium-containing slate coal, and cracking of hydrocarbon gases, is presented. The use of these technologies for obtaining target products (hydrogen, carbon black, hydrocarbon gases, synthetic gas, and valuable components of the coal mineral mass) meet the modern experimental and economic requirements to the power sector, metallurgy and chemical industry. Plasma coal conversion technologies are characterized by a small time of reagents retention in the reactor and a high rate of the original substances conversion to the target products without catalysts. Thermochemical treatment of fuel for combustion is performed in a plasma fuel system, representing a reaction chamber with a plasmatron, while other plasma fuel conversion technologies are performed in a combined plasmachemical reactor of 100 kW nominal power, in which the area of heat release from the electric arc is combined with the area of chemical reactions.

Effect of beam pre-bunching on gain and efficiency in a surface wave-pumped free electron laser

A pre-bunched relativistic electron beam (REB) counter-propagating to the surface wave in the vacuum region Compton backscatters the surface wave into a high-frequency coherent radiation. Plasma supports the surface wave that acquires a large wave number k0z around pump wave frequency $\omega _0 = {{\omega _p } {/ {\vphantom {{\omega _p } {\sqrt 2 }}} \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\sqrt 2 }}$, where ωp is the plasma frequency. The surface wave extends into the vacuum region and can be employed as a wiggler for the generation of sub-millimeter waves. The growth rate, efficiency, and gain were evaluated based on experimentally known parameters relevant to free electron laser (FEL). It was found that the growth rate, efficiency, and gain of the surface wave-pumped FEL increase with the modulation index Δ, which has the maximum value when approaching unity in addition to when the frequency and wave number of the pre-bunched beam are comparable to that of the radiation wave, i.e., ω01 ~ ω1 and k01 ~ k1. The growth rate of FEL instability scales as one-third power of beam density in the Compton regime.