Genetic Variability of Elemental Concentration in Winter Wheat Straw†

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 2020-2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. El-Nashaar ◽  
G. M. Banowetz ◽  
C. J. Peterson ◽  
S. M. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Elemental Concentration

scholarly journals Winter Wheat Straw Decomposition under Different Nitrogen Fertilizers

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Gabriela Mühlbachová ◽  
Pavel Růžek ◽  
Helena Kusá ◽  
Radek Vavera ◽  
Martin Káš
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Straw Decomposition ◽  
Rainy Weather ◽  
N Fertilisers

The climate changes and increased drought frequency still more frequent in recent periods bring challenges to management with wheat straw remaining in the field after harvest and to its decomposition. The field experiment carried out in 2017–2019 in the Czech Republic aimed to evaluate winter wheat straw decomposition under different organic and mineral nitrogen fertilizing (urea, pig slurry and digestate with and without inhibitors of nitrification (IN)). Treatment Straw 1 with fertilizers was incorporated in soil each year the first day of experiment. The Straw 2 was placed on soil surface at the same day as Straw 1 and incorporated together with fertilizers after 3 weeks. The Straw 1 decomposition in N treatments varied between 25.8–40.1% and in controls between 21.5–33.1% in 2017–2019. The Straw 2 decomposition varied between 26.3–51.3% in N treatments and in controls between 22.4–40.6%. Higher straw decomposition in 2019 was related to more rainy weather. The drought observed mainly in 2018 led to the decrease of straw decomposition and to the highest contents of residual mineral nitrogen in soils. The limited efficiency of N fertilisers on straw decomposition under drought showed a necessity of revision of current strategy of N treatments and reduction of N doses adequately according the actual weather conditions.

Prospects of Winter Wheat Straw for Energy Production

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keri B Cantrell ◽  
Don W Watts ◽  
David H Gunter
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Energy Production

Influence of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Straw Mulch and Metolachlor on Corn (Zea mays) Growth and Yield

Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail A. Wicks ◽  
Don A. Crutchfield ◽  
Orvin C. Burnside
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Wheat Straw Mulch

The presence of wheat straw mulch in no-tillage systems can increase corn yields in the central Great Plains, but information is needed on the optimal mulch level and the toxicity of metolachlor on corn growth. Research was conducted to determine the effect of winter wheat straw mulch levels of 0, 1.7, 3.4, 5.1, and 6.8 t ha–1and metolachlor rates of 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5X-rates on corn growth and yield in a winter wheat-ecofallow-corn-fallow rotation at three locations across Nebraska. Response of corn to different mulch levels and metolachlor rates varied with climate and location. In general, early corn growth was retarded by increasing amounts of mulch due to reduced soil temperatures, but after tasseling corn grew taller under increasing mulch levels because of increased soil moisture. Soil water content, kernel moisture at harvest, stover dry matter, total dry matter, ears per plant, and kernel weight increased with increasing mulch level. Corn grain yield reached a maximum at a mulch level of 5.1 t ha–1. Kernel weight, kernel number, and grain yield increased with higher mulch levels and 0.5 and 1.0X metolachlor rates as weed competition was reduced, but decreased at the 1.5X-rate of metolachlor due to corn injury. Lack of sufficient growing degree-days to compensate for lower soil temperatures or corn injury reduced corn yields at the higher mulch levels and 1.5X-rate of metolachlor in west-central and western Nebraska. From a practical standpoint, a mulch level of 3.4 to 5.1 t ha–1and a metolachlor rate near the X-rate should increase corn yield (14 to 15%) over unmulched corn in the central Great Plains.

Hybridization as a source of genetic variability in winter wheat breeding

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (0) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
H. B. Volohdina ◽  
O. A. Demydov ◽  
O. V. Humeniuk ◽  
N. P. Zamlila ◽  
O. L. Derhachov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Breeding

Winter wheat straw management on subsequent processing tomato yield, quality, economics and nitrogen dynamics

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Van Eerd ◽  
Steven A. Loewen ◽  
Richard J. Vyn
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Straw Management ◽  
Profit Margins ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Subsequent Crop ◽  
Yield Quality

Van Eerd, L. L., Loewen, S. A. and Vyn, R. J. 2015. Winter wheat straw management on subsequent processing tomato yield, quality, economics and nitrogen dynamics. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 273–283. The removal of crop residues to meet the anticipated demand for the bioeconomy sector may impact subsequent crop productivity. A field experiment was designed to evaluate the response of processing tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw management practices of: (1) retaining straw, (2) removing straw, or (3) retaining straw with a fall application of calcium ammonium nitrate at 34 kg N ha−1 to enhance straw decomposition. At two locations in 2006–2009, a split-plot design within a randomized complete block experiment, with wheat straw management as main-plot factor and nitrogen fertilizer (0 and 145 or 224 kg N ha−1) to the tomato crop as split-plot factor. At Ridgetown, marketable and total yield and profit margins were significantly higher with straw retained compared with straw removed treatments (total yield of 74.4 vs. 66.3 Mg ha−1 yr−1, respectively) but the straw retained plus fall N treatment (total yield 72.8 Mg ha−1 yr−1) was not different. However, at Leamington, straw management had no effect on yield or profit margins likely due to the rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop used in the production system. At both locations, tomato quality (color, pH, soluble solids) was not influenced by straw or N management. Nitrogen fertilizer application to tomato had a significant effect on total processing yield, soil mineral N, and plant N, but wheat straw management had no effect on these parameters and there were no N fertilizer by straw management interactions. Winter wheat straw management did not impact soil N fertility for subsequent crop production. Thus, there may be significant undesired effects of removing crop residues on a subsequent crop yield; however, planting a cover crop may mitigate subsequent yield losses associated with biomass removal.

Residual nitrogen pools in mature winter wheat straw as affected by nitrogen application

2020 ◽  
Vol 453 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 561-575
Author(s):  
Jan Van Hecke ◽  
Rasmus la Cour ◽  
Henning Jørgensen ◽  
Jan K. Schjoerring
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Residual Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Pools

WHEAT QUALITY EVALUATION. 3. INFLUENCE OF GENOTYPE AND ENVIRONMENT

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. FOWLER ◽  
I. A. DE LA ROCHE
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Wheat Quality ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Location Interaction

Agronomic and quality data from eastern Canadian spring and winter wheat trials, for an equivalent of 15 trial yr, were analyzed to determine the relative effects of genotype and environment on quality. Considerable genetic variability was detected for many of the 19 measurements studied, indicating that positive results from selection could still be expected in these populations. A large environmental effect was observed for yield, protein and protein related parameters. The consequence of this environmental modification was considered with regard to breeding programs. Except for a few instances, genotype × year and genotype × location interactions were found to be relatively insignificant. However, indirect evidence suggested that the genotype x year × location interaction could be of greater concern.

scholarly journals Rapid estimation of sugar release from winter wheat straw during bioethanol production using FTIR-photoacoustic spectroscopy

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Bekiaris ◽  
Jane Lindedam ◽  
Clément Peltre ◽  
Stephen R. Decker ◽  
Geoffrey B. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Rapid Estimation ◽  
Sugar Release
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