Effect of Functional Groups on Autothermal Partial Oxidation of Bio-oil. Part 2: Role of Homogeneous and Support-Mediated Reactions

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 3172-3185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Kruger ◽  
David C. Rennard ◽  
Tyler R. Josephson ◽  
Lanny D. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Bio Oil

Effect of Functional Groups on Autothermal Partial Oxidation of Bio-oil. Part 1: Role of Catalyst Surface and Molecular Oxygen

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 3157-3171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Kruger ◽  
David C. Rennard ◽  
Tyler R. Josephson ◽  
Lanny D. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Catalyst Surface ◽  
Bio Oil

Autothermal Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Bio-Oil Functional Groups: Esters and Acids

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 1318-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Rennard ◽  
Paul J. Dauenhauer ◽  
Sarah A. Tupy ◽  
Lanny D. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Partial Oxidation ◽  
Bio Oil

Environmental DNA for functional diversity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Taberlet ◽  
Aurélie Bonin ◽  
Lucie Zinger ◽  
Eric Coissac
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Meaningful Information ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Target Community

Chapter 10 “Environmental DNA for functional diversity” discusses the potential of environmental DNA to assess functional diversity. It first focuses on DNA metabarcoding and discusses the extent to which this approach can be used and/or optimized to retrieve meaningful information on the functions of the target community. This knowledge usually involves coarsely defined functional groups (e.g., woody, leguminous, graminoid plants; shredders or decomposer soil organisms; pathogenicity or decomposition role of certain microorganisms). Chapter 10 then introduces metagenomics and metatranscriptomics approaches, their advantages, but also the challenges and solutions to appropriately sampling, sequencing these complex DNA/RNA populations. Chapter 10 finally presents several strategies and software to analyze metagenomes/metatranscriptomes, and discusses their pros and cons.

scholarly journals The Role of Peptides in the Design of Electrochemical Biosensors for Clinical Diagnostics

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Patrick Severin Sfragano ◽  
Giulia Moro ◽  
Federico Polo ◽  
Ilaria Palchetti
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Synthetic Peptides ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Electrode Surfaces ◽  
Electrochemical Transducers ◽  
Target Analyte

Peptides represent a promising class of biorecognition elements that can be coupled to electrochemical transducers. The benefits lie mainly in their stability and selectivity toward a target analyte. Furthermore, they can be synthesized rather easily and modified with specific functional groups, thus making them suitable for the development of novel architectures for biosensing platforms, as well as alternative labelling tools. Peptides have also been proposed as antibiofouling agents. Indeed, biofouling caused by the accumulation of biomolecules on electrode surfaces is one of the major issues and challenges to be addressed in the practical application of electrochemical biosensors. In this review, we summarise trends from the last three years in the design and development of electrochemical biosensors using synthetic peptides. The different roles of peptides in the design of electrochemical biosensors are described. The main procedures of selection and synthesis are discussed. Selected applications in clinical diagnostics are also described.

Microscopic Insights into Water Adsorption in Carbon Nanopore – The Role of Acidic and Basic Functional Groups and their Configurations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lumeng Liu ◽  
Wenmao Zeng ◽  
Shiliang Johnathan Tan ◽  
Meng Liu ◽  
Duong Do
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Water Adsorption ◽  
Water Clusters ◽  
Pivotal Role

Functional groups (FGs) in porous carbon play a pivotal role in water adsorption by nucleating water clusters followed by their coalescence, the process for which is the precursor for the...

First comparison of quantitative estimates of termite biomass and abundance reveals strong intercontinental differences

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia A.L. Dahlsjö ◽  
Catherine L. Parr ◽  
Yadvinder Malhi ◽  
Homathevi Rahman ◽  
Patrick Meir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Ecosystem Processes ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Species Density ◽  
Abundance Data ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Biogeographical Distribution ◽  
Belt Transect

Abstract:Termite species and functional groups differ among regions globally (the functional-diversity anomaly). Here we investigate whether similar differences in biomass and abundance of termites occur among continents. Biomass and abundance data were collected with standardized sampling in Cameroon, Malaysia and Peru. Data from Peru were original to this study, while data from Cameroon and Malaysia were compiled from other sources. Species density data were sampled using a standardized belt transect (100 × 2 m) while the biomass and abundance measurements were sampled using a standardized protocol based on 2 × 2-m quadrats. Biomass and abundance data confirmed patterns found for species density and thus the existence of the functional diversity anomaly: highest estimates for biomass and abundance were found in Cameroon (14.5 ± 7.90 g m−2 and 1234 ± 437 ind m−2) followed by Malaysia (0.719 ± 0.193 g m−2 and 327 ± 72 ind m−2) and then Peru (0.345 ± 0.103 g m−2 and 130 ± 39 ind m−2). The biomass and abundance for each functional group were significantly different across sites for most termite functional groups. Biogeographical distribution of lineages was the primary cause for the functional diversity anomaly with true soil-feeding termites dominating in Cameroon and the absence of fungus-growing termites from Peru. These findings are important as the biomass and abundance of functional groups may be linked to ecosystem processes. Although this study allowed for comparisons between data from different regions further comparable data are needed to enhance the understanding of the role of termites in ecosystem processes on a global scale.

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