Direct Lithium Recovery from Aqueous Electrolytes with Electrochemical Ion Pumping and Lithium Intercalation

Nb18W8O69 (9Nb2O5×8WO3) is the tungsten-rich end-member of the Wadsley–Roth crystallographic shear (cs) structures within the Nb2O5–WO3 series. It has the largest block size of any known, stable Wadsley–Roth phase, comprising 5 ´ 5 units of corner-shared MO6 octahedra between the shear planes, giving rise to 2 nm ´ 2 nm blocks. Rapid lithium intercalation is observed in this new candidate battery material and 7Li pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy – measured in a battery electrode for the first time at room temperature – reveals superionic lithium conductivity. In addition to its promising rate capability, Nb18W8O69 adds a piece to the larger picture of our understanding of high-performance Wadsley–Roth complex metal oxides.

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Chemistry of Amino Acids with Aqueous Electrolytes

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology ◽

10.22214/ijraset.2018.3540 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 2347-2348

Author(s):

Shahnawaz Mahmood

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Aqueous Electrolytes

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1.8 V Aqueous Symmetric Carbon-Based Supercapacitors with Agarose-Bound Activated Carbons in an Acidic Electrolyte

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11071731 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1731

Author(s):

Chih-Chung Lai ◽

Feng-Hao Hsu ◽

Su-Yang Hsu ◽

Ming-Jay Deng ◽

Kueih-Tzu Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Energy Density ◽

Activated Carbons ◽

High Energy ◽

Aqueous Electrolytes ◽

Alternative Material ◽

Aqueous Cells ◽

Acidic Electrolyte ◽

Cycling Behavior

The specific energy of an aqueous carbon supercapacitor is generally small, resulting mainly from a narrow potential window of aqueous electrolytes. Here, we introduced agarose, an ecologically compatible polymer, as a novel binder to fabricate an activated carbon supercapacitor, enabling a wider potential window attributed to a high overpotential of the hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER) of agarose-bound activated carbons in sulfuric acid. Assembled symmetric aqueous cells can be galvanostatically cycled up to 1.8 V, attaining an enhanced energy density of 13.5 W h/kg (9.5 µW h/cm2) at 450 W/kg (315 µW/cm2). Furthermore, a great cycling behavior was obtained, with a 94.2% retention of capacitance after 10,000 cycles at 2 A/g. This work might guide the design of an alternative material for high-energy aqueous supercapacitors.

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Activation of the GPR35 pathway drives angiogenesis in the tumour microenvironment

Gut ◽

10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323363 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. gutjnl-2020-323363

Author(s):

Ester Pagano ◽

Joshua E Elias ◽

Georg Schneditz ◽

Svetlana Saveljeva ◽

Lorraine M Holland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colon Cancer ◽

Tumour Growth ◽

Tumour Microenvironment ◽

Tube Formation ◽

Tissue Remodelling ◽

Colon Cancers ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Ion Pumping ◽

G Protein Coupled

ObjectivePrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is in 70% of cases associated with inflammatory bowel disease. The hypermorphic T108M variant of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35 increases risk for PSC and ulcerative colitis (UC), conditions strongly predisposing for inflammation-associated liver and colon cancer. Lack of GPR35 reduces tumour numbers in mouse models of spontaneous and colitis associated cancer. The tumour microenvironment substantially determines tumour growth, and tumour-associated macrophages are crucial for neovascularisation. We aim to understand the role of the GPR35 pathway in the tumour microenvironment of spontaneous and colitis-associated colon cancers.DesignMice lacking GPR35 on their macrophages underwent models of spontaneous colon cancer or colitis-associated cancer. The role of tumour-associated macrophages was then assessed in biochemical and functional assays.ResultsHere, we show that GPR35 on macrophages is a potent amplifier of tumour growth by stimulating neoangiogenesis and tumour tissue remodelling. Deletion of Gpr35 in macrophages profoundly reduces tumour growth in inflammation-associated and spontaneous tumour models caused by mutant tumour suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli. Neoangiogenesis and matrix metalloproteinase activity is promoted by GPR35 via Na/K-ATPase-dependent ion pumping and Src activation, and is selectively inhibited by a GPR35-specific pepducin. Supernatants from human inducible-pluripotent-stem-cell derived macrophages carrying the UC and PSC risk variant stimulate tube formation by enhancing the release of angiogenic factors.ConclusionsActivation of the GPR35 pathway promotes tumour growth via two separate routes, by directly augmenting proliferation in epithelial cells that express the receptor, and by coordinating macrophages’ ability to create a tumour-permissive environment.

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Electrolytes for Reversible Zinc Electrodeposition for Dynamic Windows

Journal of Materials Chemistry C ◽

10.1039/d1tc00857a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Desmond C Madu ◽

Shakirul M Islam ◽

Hanqing Pan ◽

Christopher Barile

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Electrolytes ◽

Zinc Electrodeposition ◽

Metal Electrodeposition ◽

Electronically Tunable

Reversible metal electrodeposition is a promising approach for the construction of dynamic windows with electronically tunable transmission. In this manuscript, we study a series of aqueous electrolytes that support reversible...

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