Methods and algorithm for calculating the focal parameters of a hollow conical electron beam in high-voltage glow discharge electron guns with a focusing magnetic lens

The algorithm is considered for calculating the focal distance of a hollow conical electron beam generated by high-voltage glow discharge electron guns with magnetic focusing of the beam in the drift region, as well as a method for calculating the diameter of the focal ring and its thickness for such a beam. The proposed algorithm is based on the theory of electron drift in the field of a focusing magnetic lens and is designed using the methods of discrete mathematics and the minimax analysis. The obtained simulation results made it possible to establish the influence of the magnetic lens current on the focal diameter of a hollow conical electron beam and on its focal ring thickness. It is shown that the change in the focal parameters of a hollow conical electron beam can be effectively provided through the regulation of the magnetic lens current.

Analytical and numerical methods for calculation the deep of penetration the welding seam formed by the electron beam generated by glow discarge electron guns

The article is devoted to the problem of defining the focal diameter of electron beam, formed by the glow discharge electron guns, as well as the necessary pressure in the gun chamber for realising the welding process. Taking into account, that glow discharge electron guns are widely used in industry for welding of different metals, and that for providing the high quality of welding joints estimation of energetic parameters in beam focus is very important, proposed methods are very important for effective elaboration and designing of the novel glow discharge electron guns constructions for specific technological operations. With known focal beam deameter and thermodinamic parameters of welding details material the deep of penetration of welding seam, as well as the necessary pressure in discharge chamber have been estimatied. Two proposed methods are generally based on the analytical solving of explite equation and on numeracal solving of sophisticated non-linear equation. Obtained simulation results with and without taking into account the spsace charge of own beam electrons are also given